中轻度水土流失区银杏林下套种花卉效益分析

长汀县策武镇银杏生态园属于中轻度水土流失区。2015—2016年在银杏林下套种野鸦椿、黄栀子、野牡丹、卷丹、杭白菊、黄花菜、望江南共7种花卉,对比不同花卉带来的生态效益、景观效益和经济效益。结果表明,生态效益较好的是黄栀子、杭白菊、黄花菜;景观效益较优的是黄花菜和杭白菊;经济效益以黄花菜、杭白菊较高。综合来看,杭白菊生态效益、景观效益、经济效益较突出,可作为生态园水土流失治理和林下花卉种植集成与示范重点花卉。     

Lunar surface magnetic fields and their interaction with the solar wind: results from lunar prospector

The magnetometer and electron reflectometer experiment on the Lunar Prospector spacecraft has obtained maps of lunar crustal magnetic fields and observed the interaction between the solar wind and regions of strong crustal magnetic fields at high selenographic latitude (30 degreesS to 80 degreesS) and low ( approximately 100 kilometers) altitude. Electron reflection maps of the regions antipodal to the Imbrium and Serenitatis impact basins, extending to 80 degreesS latitude, show that crustal magnetic fields fill most of the antipodal zones of those basins. This finding provides further evidence for the hypothesis that basin-forming impacts result in magnetization of the lunar crust at their antipodes. The crustal magnetic fields of the Imbrium antipode region are strong enough to deflect the solar wind and form a miniature (100 to several hundred kilometers across) magnetosphere, magnetosheath, and bow shock system.     

鳄梨组织培养繁殖体系优化研究

为满足市场需求,以鳄梨饱满茎段为外植体采用组织培养方法进行优质种苗繁育,对于该种的产业发展和应有具有重要意义。试验筛选了无菌株体系建立、诱导潜伏芽萌发、丛生芽继代增殖和生根培养较适培养基配方。结果表明：诱导鳄梨无菌株系建立较适培养基为WPM＋1.0 mg?L－16￣BA＋0.3 mg?L－1NAA＋0.5 mg?L－1ZT＋2％蔗糖＋0.2％活性炭＋0.65％琼脂;诱导潜伏芽萌发较适培养基为WPM＋2.0mg?L－16￣BA＋0.5mg?L－1NAA＋1.0 mg?L－1ZT＋2％蔗糖＋0.2％活性炭＋0.65％琼脂,诱导出芽率达到54％;丛生芽继代增殖培养较适培养基为WPM＋3.0 mg?L－16￣BA＋0.3 mg?L－1NAA＋1.0 mg?L－1ZT＋2％蔗糖＋0.2％活性炭＋0.65％琼脂,增殖率达到3.70;幼苗生根较适培养基为1/2WPM＋0.5 mg?L－1 IBA＋0.5 mg?L－1 NAA＋2％蔗糖＋0.2％活性炭＋0.65％琼脂,生根率达到90％。炼苗移栽60 d后成活率为96％。该试验获得的培养基配方,可培养出完整植株,短期内获得大量优质种苗。     

Musculoskeletal responses of 2-year-old Thoroughbred horses to early training. Conclusions

This paper summarises and presents in context the main findings of an extensive series of studies of early training lasting 13 weeks in which the tissue responses of 2-year-old Thoroughbred horses were assessed using a combination of methods. Negligible clinical injury was detected and thus the study fulfilled the intention of investigating adaptive change rather than injury. Cancellous and cortical bone, some digital tendons, and articular cartilage responded to early training exercise to a greater or lesser degree. Clinical examination and ancillary diagnostic aids currently in veterinary clinical use are not sufficient to detect early abnormalities in metacarpo-phalangeal joint (MCPJ) cartilage found in both trained and untrained horses. Future work should centre on detection of such changes, on the precise registration of training workload, and on the manipulation of the responses of musculoskeletal tissues by careful investigation of the effects of introducing conditioning exercise at a young age.     

The effect of two different weaning procedures on the growth of pasture-reared Thoroughbred foals in New Zealand

AIM: To identify if there was a significant difference in the average daily liveweight gain (ADG) between Thoroughbred foals weaned using two weaning protocols commonly used in New Zealand.

METHODS: Sixteen Thoroughbred foals were blocked for sex and age, randomly allocated into progressive (187, SD 33 days; three colts, five fillies) or abrupt (182, SD 28 days; four colts, four fillies) weaning groups, and weighed every second day for 2 weeks either side of weaning, then fortnightly from birth to 480 (SD 31) days old. ADG was calculated to examine the short-term (10 days before weaning, 5 and 10 days post weaning) and long-term (0–6 and 6–16 months of age) effect of the two weaning treatments.

RESULTS: ADG was 1.10 (SD 0.091) kg/day before weaning (0–6 months of age) and 0.59 (SD 0.06) kg/day from weaning to 480 (SD 31) days old. At the start of weaning, liveweights of the progressive and abrupt weaning groups were 276.5 (SD 40.3) kg and 257 (SD 15) kg, respectively (p=0.23). For the 5-day period during weaning, irrespective of treatment, there was a significant decrease in ADG of –0.29 (SD 0.49) kg/day and –0.15 (SD 0.30) kg/day for progressive and abrupt weaning, respectively. There was no significant difference in ADG between weaning methods at any measurement period (short or long term) during and after weaning. However, there was large variation between foals in ADG in the 10 days after the weaning process, which may indicate variation in individual foals' responses to being weaned, rather than the weaning treatment.

CONCLUSIONS: Weaning, irrespective of method, was associated with a decrease in ADG in the first week after weaning. The method of weaning had no effect on post-weaning ADG either short term, 10 days after weaning, or long term up to 480 days of age. Practically, it may be more important to consider maturity and liveweight as criteria for weaning foals rather than age alone.     

福建野生观赏蕨类植物多样性研究

通过对福建野生观赏植物资源的调查,发现具有观赏价值的野生蕨类植物资源有33科79属197种;对科、属、种进行分布类型的特点分析,中国特有蕨类植物有41种,单属科和单种属较多,科、属内的分化程度不高,植物区系带有热带性质。采用心理物理学法,筛选出具有较高观赏价值和开发潜力的蕨类有38种。并简述了观赏蕨类的园林用途和繁殖方式。     

福州佛寺园林中宗教信仰对植物选择与配置的影响

通过对福州地区8所寺庙中园林植物进行实地调研,设计问卷分别以寺庙内僧侣和游客为对象进行数据收集,探索宗教信仰对福州佛寺园林中植物选择与配置的影响。结果表明,福州佛寺园林植物景观总体评价一般,存在植物多样性偏低、植物层次结构单一、植物景观特色不明显等问题。最后分析僧侣和游客两类人群的不同需求,提出丰富植物种类,增加寺庙植物总量;补充相关植物品种,烘托佛教意境与场所文化;明确受众人群,打造合理植物景观空间布局;依据不同区域的景观功能特点提出植物配置模式及树种选择推荐等策略,以期能为未来福州寺庙园林植物景观提出优化策略。     

福州滨水植物及其景观应用调查分析

对福州现有的滨水植物景观进行了调查,为改变城市水系绿化模式和生态恢复提供了科学的理论指导。文章主要从植物配置层面上,以7个公园滨水绿地为主要研究对象,分析福州现有滨水植物及其景观的现状和存在的问题,探讨沿岸滨水植物群落的配置及其运用。     

乡村景观意境营造研究——以福建嵩口古镇为例

研究乡村景观意境可创造富有地域特色的乡村景观,可激发人们的亲切感和归属感。从设计主题、空间营造、细节渗透、情感激发四个方面阐述乡村景观意境营造的内涵。以福建省嵩口古镇为例,具体分析其乡村景观意境营造的经验与手法,以期为乡村景观品质提升和美丽乡村建设发展提供启发和借鉴。     

厦门城市生态风景林树种选择与景观构建技术

文章探讨了城市生态风景林的概念与内涵,分析厦门生态风景林植被现状,提出南亚热带城市厦门生态风景林的树种选择,总结了城市生态风景林景观构建技术。