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51.
The effects of chlordimeform on rectus abdominis muscle of frog were investigated. Chlordimeform (10?3M) caused a slow contraction, and at lower concentration (10?5–10?3M) it inhibited the acetylcholine-induced contraction in noncompetitive manner. When chlordimeform was applied to the muscle of Rana catesbiana, K+-induced contraction was also inhibited in noncompetitive manner. Whereas it had no effect on caffeine-induced contraction.Chlordimeform-induced contraction was not affected by respective addition of d-tubocurarine (10?4M), procaine (10?3M), or eserine (0.3 mM), which results were same as that of K+-induced contraction. Chlordimeform, at lower concentration (10?5–10?3M), inhibits the acetylcholine- and K+-induced contractions probably owing to depression of not only the sensitivity of endplate but also the excitability of cell membrane.  相似文献   
52.
A pad equivalent for a dog was prepared as a substitute for the loss of footpad. In addition to the time course of formation on epidermal morphogenesis, we investigated expressions of alpha(6) integrin subunit as adhesive molecule, and laminin and type IV and VII collagens as extracellular matrices of basement membrane components. Epithelium of the pad equivalent was thick enough to be easily confirmed at 5 days at the air-liquid interface, but many creases appeared on it at 7 days, and it shrank at 10 and 14 days. Keratinocytes were increased in 4 to 5 cell layers at 1 day at the air-liquid interface, differentiating into basal cell layer. Granular and corneal cell layers were confirmed until 5 days, and maintained their shape at least until 14 days. Alpha 6 integrin was expressed at almost the same fluorescent intensity as native pad tissue at 1 day at the dermal-epidermal junction. Laminin and type IV collagen were intermittently expressed at 5 and 10 days, respectively, at the dermal-epidermal junction, and at 14 days the fluorescence showed almost the same intensity as native pad tissue. The expression of type VII collagen was discontinuous at 2 days at the dermal-epidermal junction, but remained as it was at 14 days. The present findings suggested that although the formation of anchoring fibrils in basement membrane was incomplete, the pad equivalent in the dog was reconstructed similar to a native pad by epidermal morphogenesis.  相似文献   
53.
Wakayama Prefecture is one of the important districts of citrus production in Japan. The citrus groves are located in the northern districts of the prefecture along the watershed of the Kii, and Arita rivers. Geologically, the rocks in these districts are classified into crystalline schist, Palaeozoic Upper Chichibu and Mesozoic Cretaceous systems. The associated soils are chiefly members of the Red Yellow Podzolic and Lithosol group.7)  相似文献   
54.
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) of cauliflower was purified to 282-fold with a recovery rate of 8.1%, using phloroglucinol as a substrate. The enzyme appeared as a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The estimated molecular weight of the enzyme was 60 and 54 kDa by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration, respectively. The purified enzyme, called phloroglucinol oxidase (PhO), oxidized phloroglucinol (K(m) = 3.3 mM) and phloroglucinolcarboxylic acid. The enzyme also had peroxidase (POD) activity. At the final step, the activity of purified cauliflower POD was 110-fold with a recovery rate of 3.2%. The PhO and POD showed the highest activity at pH 8.0 and 4.0 and were stable in the pH range of 3.0-11.0 and 5.0-8.0 at 5 °C for 20 h, respectively. The optimum temperature was 55 °C for PhO and 20 °C for POD. The most effective inhibitor for PhO was sodium diethyldithiocarbamate at 10 mM (IC(50) = 0.64 and K(i) = 0.15 mM), and the most effective inhibitor for POD was potassium cyanide at 1.0 mM (IC(50) = 0.03 and K(i) = 29 μM).  相似文献   
55.
56.
Survey on the wild genetic resources of hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) in Japan was conducted to determine the ploidy variation and its geographic distribution. Among the 127 wild plants collected from different geographic locations, 15 plants were diploid, 87 were tetraploid, and 22 were hexaploid. Additionally, 2 plants were heptaploid and one plant was octaploid. The tetraploid plants were distributed all over the country, whereas the diploid and hexaploid plants were geographically localized, in the warm Pacific hill areas of the south western part and in the deep-snow region of the mid-northern part of Honshu, respectively. The diploid plants could be clearly distinguished from other plants with ploidy variation by the morphological characteristics of the leaf and fruit. Hexaploid plants showed a relatively larger L/D ratio of the leaf blade, a greenish petiole, and pubescence on the petiole and lower leaf vein, whereas the tetraploid plants exhibited a reddish petiole and callose hairs on the vein of the lower leaf surface. Fruit shape of the tetraploid plants varied largely, from round to ellipsoidal, whereas that of the hexaploid plants was mostly ellipsoidal. These results indicate that the hexaploid plants of A. arguta as well as the diploid and tetraploid ones, naturally grow in a certain size of population in the restricted region of Japan.  相似文献   
57.
Hd3a protein is a mobile flowering signal in rice   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
Florigen, the mobile signal that moves from an induced leaf to the shoot apex and causes flowering, has eluded identification since it was first proposed 70 years ago. Understanding the nature of the mobile flowering signal would provide a key insight into the molecular mechanism of floral induction. Recent studies suggest that the Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene is a candidate for encoding florigen. We show that the protein encoded by Hd3a, a rice ortholog of FT, moves from the leaf to the shoot apical meristem and induces flowering in rice. These results suggest that the Hd3a protein may be the rice florigen.  相似文献   
58.
本文研究广东低塱渍水地区主要土壤理化性质及其利用改良。采取田间调查研究与分析化验相结合的办法,结果表明:水稻土的养分含量较高,如有机质、氮素和全钾量均较高,伹速效磷和钾均偏低,冲积土和堆叠土的养分含量则较低(全钾量除外);土壤阳离子交换量、活性铁、锰和有效锌含量均较高,符合一般作物的需要;耕层土壤多属强酸性,pH多为4.5~5.1;土壤质地偏粘(冲积土除外),粘粒含量达30~45%;土壤生态环境条件不良,容易发生涝害,生产没有保证。因此,土壤利用改良的主要措施应是:继续整治水利,改善土壤生态条件;适施石灰,每亩一造约施25kg,增施有机肥;增施磷、钾肥,特别要注意早造施磷肥,晚造施钾肥;在保证粮食生产的前提下,适当发展养鱼(塘与基的面积比例以3:2为宜)、种植甘蔗、花生和水果等经济作物。  相似文献   
59.
Acetylated fibers with a 24.8% weight gain by acetylation were ozonated with 0%–2.0% ozone on fibers. Fiberboards were then made from these treated fibers. The internal bond and bending strength of the acetylated fiberboards increased drastically with increasing ozone charge up to 0.5%–1.0%, whereas the thickness swelling of the fiberboards decreased. Ozone selectively cleaves the aromatic rings of hydrophobic lignin and introduces a hydrophilic carboxyl group into lignin. Thus, the wettability and thermoplasticity of acetylated fibers increased, and this structural modification improved the interfiber contact. Internal bond and bending strength increased as a result. In addition, steep density profiles were formed by the ozonation, resulting in high bending strength. The high compaction ratio accelerated the effect of ozonation. The optimum ozone charges for improving mechanical properties were 0.5%–1.0%.Part of this report was presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 1999  相似文献   
60.
基于节水高产优质目标的冬小麦适宜水分亏缺模式   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4  
为了探讨不同生育期水分亏缺对冬小麦产量和蛋白质形成的影响,同时确定出节水、高产、优质目标下冬小麦各生育期适宜的水分亏缺水平,开展了防雨棚下的冬小麦人工控水试验。该研究在返青期、拔节期、抽穗扬花期和灌浆成熟期设置2个水分亏缺水平即轻度亏水L(含水率控制在55%~60%田间持水量,相应土壤水吸力为375~448 k Pa)和中度亏水M(含水率控制在45%~50%田间持水量,土壤水吸力为586~687 k Pa);另设全生育期不亏水对照处理CK(含水率控制在65%~70%田间持水量,土壤水吸力为256~305 k Pa)。研究结果显示,同CK相比,亏水处理使得灌浆持续期缩短2.72%~15.78%,达到最大灌浆速度的时间提前2.33%~14.58%;除灌浆成熟期轻度亏水、中度亏水处理外,其他处理均使得最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率增加,其最大值分别为15.77%和12.09%。亏水处理没有改变蛋白质形成的基本趋势,均呈"V"字形;但亏水程度不同,蛋白质含量及产量不同,在拔节期、抽穗扬花期和灌浆成熟期,随着亏水程度加重,蛋白质含量升高,蛋白质含量最高为灌浆成熟期中度亏水处理(质量分数为14.33%),最低为拔节期轻度亏水处理(质量分数为12.88%);蛋白质产量最高为全生育期不亏水对照处理CK(1047.30 kg/hm2),最低为拔节期轻度亏水处理(802.77 kg/hm2)。结果表明,兼顾冬小麦产量与蛋白质产量的适宜亏水模式依次为:返青期轻度亏水、返青期中度亏水、灌浆成熟期轻度亏水、抽穗扬花期轻度亏水、拔节期中度亏水、拔节期轻度亏水。研究结果为相关区域冬小麦高产、优质栽培和水分调控提供理论依据和数据支持。  相似文献   
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