关于农业技术推广法及其实施办法贯彻实施情况的调研报告

农业现代化是我国农业的发展方向。贯彻落实好农业技术推广法，提高农业技术推广工作水平，对于实现农业现代化具有重要作用。文章对天津市认真贯彻落实农业技术推广法所做的主要工作及取得的主要成效进行了总结，从加强学习宣传、不断深化改革、创新推广途径、加强农民培训、提升推广实效办法的规定和国家关于农业技术推广工作的主要精神，从深化基层农业技术推广体系改革、加强农业技术推广经费保障、提高农业技术推广人员素质、促进社会化农业技术服务组织发展、完善天津市实施农业技术推广法办法等方面提出了相关建议，以期促进天津市农业技术推广工作再上新水平。     

蜂王浆对尾静脉注射4T1细胞小鼠抗氧化能力的影响

探讨蜂王浆对尾静脉注射4T1细胞小鼠的抗氧化和免疫力的影响.将4T1细胞或其与蜂王浆的混合物通过尾静脉注射入小鼠体内,ELISA法检测蜂王浆对小鼠血清、肝脏和肾脏中与抗氧化能力相关的指标及血清中和免疫力相关细胞因子水平的影响.结果表明,和模型对照组相比,蜂王浆(50、100 mg·mL~(-1))可以显著提高小鼠血清内T-AOC、IFN-α(P0.05)水平,降低IL-4的水平(P0.05);蜂王浆剂量为50 mg·m L~(-1)时,IFN-γ的含量显著增加(P0.05).蜂王浆(100 mg·mL~(-1))显著提高肾脏中T-AOC的水平(P0.05).可见,蜂王浆可以改善尾静脉注射4T1细胞小鼠的抗氧化能力和免疫力.     

赣南林业可持续发展的探讨

可持续发展的理念是一种科学的发展观,注重经济发展的同时,也应注重生态环境和资源的可持续利用。在中国社会发展的过程中,林业建设发挥着重要的作用,对于生态环境和经济发展有着巨大的贡献。赣南是个山多地少的农业大市,保护和合理开发赣南的森林资源既能造福子孙后代,又能促进赣南经济社会协调发展。立足赣南本地的林业现状,阐述林业可持续发展对策。     

小麦醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白在品种鉴定中的应用研究

以25个山东省小麦主推品种为试材,分别采用PAGE和SDS-PAGE技术对小麦醇溶蛋白及麦谷蛋白进行分离,用以鉴定小麦品种。结果表明,醇溶蛋白PAGE技术对蛋白质组分的分离具有良好的多态性和特异性,该方法操作简便、重复性好、成本低,是目前小麦品种鉴定的主要方法。麦谷蛋白SDS-PAGE技术具有谱带清晰、分辨力较高等特点,但操作繁琐,分离时间长。对于醇溶蛋白难以区分的品种,麦谷蛋白可作为品种鉴定的有效补充。     

杨树抗黑斑病相关基因表达谱分析

利用黑斑病的高抗无性系美洲黑杨I-69及黑斑病的高感无性系欧美杨I-45为材料建立的2个cDNA文库,随机挑取cDNA克隆进行5'端EST序列测序,共获得有效序列20 023条.序列经聚类分析和拼接后,共获得10 816个Unigene,其中包括3 734个Contig,7 082个独立的Singleton.被注释的8 853个具有同源性匹配序列基因中,按照GO的分子功能、生物过程和细胞组分3个不同分类角度进行分类.在具有功能注释的8 853个Unigene中,选出330个与完成全基因组测序的毛果杨序列进行BLAST分析,结果发现有177个抗病相关候选基因出现在282个Unigene中,其中135个分布于杨树的18个不同连锁群上,其他42个基因位于还没定位的scaffolds上.所测定的这些EST序列为后期在基因组水平上研究杨树黑斑病的水平抗性遗传机制及进一步的相关基因发现奠定基础.

Abstract：

In an attempt to elucidate the molecular mechanism for resistance of black spot disease in poplar,gene expression profiles in leaves of Populus deltoides'Lus'(I-69/55)and P.euramericana'I-45/51',which were inoculated with the pathogen Marssonina brunnea f.sp.brunnea,were analyzed based on expressed sequence tags (ESTs).A total of 20 023 valid ESTs from the 5'terminal ends derived from corresponding cDNA libraries of the two poplar species were sequenced.Cluster analysis of the 20 023 sequences yielded 10 816 tentative unigenes,including 3 734 contigs and 7 082 singletons.All tentative unigenes were classified by Gene Ontology functional categories.To find resistance-associated candidate genes and locate them on poplar genome,330 unigenes was chosen from 8 853 annotated tentative unigenes,and their BLAST alignment was conducted with Populus trichocarpa assembly,1 77 related candidate resistant genes were found,and they presented in 282 unigenes.Among these genes,there were 1 35 genes located on 18 different linkage groups of poplar genome,and 42 genes located on the different scaffolds.This study supplied a resource of candidate genes for further exploring the genetic mechanism for the host horizontal resistance to the pathogen Marssonina brunnea at the whole genome range,and provided important information for further gene discovery.     

水稻OsZ314基因克隆及转录激活验证

穗是水稻(Oryza sativa L.)重要的生殖器官,其生长发育直接影响水稻的产量和品质。前期研究中,我们对水稻生殖生长时期穗发育各阶段的转录组、蛋白组数据进行联合分析,筛选到一个MYB基因家族的转录因子OsZ314基因。生物学信息分析表明,该基因位于1号染色体上,拥有典型的R2R3-MYB型转录因子结构域,且在水稻幼穗时期表达量最高;亚细胞定位结果显示,OsZ314基因定位于细胞核中;转录激活试验表明,OsZ314基因具有转录激活功能。本研究为深入探索OsZ314基因在水稻穗发育时期的分子生物学功能奠定了良好的基础。     

猪链球菌病和副猪嗜血杆菌病鉴别诊断与防治方案

猪链球菌病和副猪嗜血杆菌病是由猪链球菌和副猪嗜血杆菌这两类猪场常在菌引起的。这两类细菌会对各个年龄阶段的猪群易感,尤其以仔猪最易感。同时,它们给养殖业临床生产造成了巨大的困扰并引起巨大的经济损失。这两类疾病所引起的临床症状及其相似,会造成临床治疗时因鉴别错误而耽误最佳的治疗时间。文章旨在通过临床诊断以及解剖观察的病理变化来区分两种疾病,并提供防治方案。     

草莓白化相关病毒中国分离物全基因组分析

草莓白化相关病毒(strawberrypallidosis-associatedvirus,SPa V)属于长线形病毒科(Closteroviridae)毛形病毒属(Crinivirus),可引起草莓病害,2017年在中国首次报道。采用高通量测序、RACE和RT-PCR技术获得了SPa V中国分离物(FJ)的基因组全长。该病毒含有两条正单链基因组RNA1和RNA2。RNA1全长8 048 nt,5′和3′非编码区序列分别为264和197 nt,含有3个开放阅读框(ORF),分别编码ORF 1a/1b融合蛋白和p9蛋白。RNA2全长7 977 nt,5′和3′非编码区序列分别为248和186 nt,含有8个开放阅读框(ORF),分别编码HSP70h、CPh、CP、CPm、p7、p6、p9和p28等8个蛋白。RNA1和RNA2与美国M1分离物分别具有98.5%和99.0%的核苷酸一致性;系统发育分析结果表明,SPa V中国分离物(FJ)单独处在一个分支。对SPa V来源的小RNA的分析表明,来源于SPa V的小RAN长度以21和22 nt为主。     

Identification and Molecular Characteristics Analysis of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Variants

To ascertain a diarrhea case in a pig farm in Shandong province,the pathological changes of dead piglets were observed and nested RT-PCR test was carried out on 7 diarrhea samples for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV).Pathological examination revealed that intestine was detected as enlargement,hyperemia and edema.After histological examination,the typical microscopic lesions of intestine were disappearance of epithelial cells,villus shrinkage and shortening.The result of nested RT-PCR showed that all of the 7 samples could amplify a specific target band of PEDV.Molecular characteristics of two field strains showed that they had an amino acid homology of 92.3% to 92.4% with vaccine CV777 and 96.6% to 98.6% with other previous field strains which sequences were downloaded from GenBank.Phylogenetic tree analysis further revealed that all of PEDV strains could be mainly divided into two clusters of G1 and G2. G2 consisted of the field strains of our study and other field strains from USA,China and so on,which had the same sequence characteristics of two insertions and one deletion,while G1 consisted of all vaccines of CV777 and several older field strains from China and Korea.These results indicated that our field strains were the dominant strains in recent epidemic diarrhea occurrence.Moreover,its molecular characteristics might be a characterization of differentiating the field and vaccine strains.     

工业大麻割晒机的三维仿真设计

针对当前我国工业大麻割晒机研究现状与发展需求,运用三维软件UG设计了一款工业大麻割晒机,包括夹持输送机构、切割机构、传动机构、机架等。首先对星轮式拨禾机构、往复式切割器等零部件进行三维建模,然后根据各零部件之间的准确约束进行整机装配,并对样机各运转部件进行了干涉检查,仿真结果表明所设计的工业大麻割晒机符合农艺要求,并为后续的虚拟样机运动仿真、割台的结构优化奠定了良好的基础,提高了样机的研发速度。