排序方式: 共有146条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
41.
Dugar DELGERMURUN Shigeo ITO Toshio OHTA Soichiro YAMAGUCHI Ken-ichi OTSUGURO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):71-76
Chemoreceptor cells aggregating in clusters in the chicken thoracic aorta
contain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and have voltage-dependent ion channels and nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors, which are characteristics typically associated with neurons. The
aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 5-HT uptake inhibitors,
fluvoxamine, fluoxetine and clomipramine (CLM), and amphetamine derivatives,
p-chloroamphetamine (PCA) and methamphetamine (MET), on endogenous 5-HT
outflow from the isolated chick thoracic aorta in vitro. 5-HT was
measured by using a HPLC system with electrochemical detection. The amphetamine
derivatives and 5-HT uptake inhibitors caused concentration-dependent increases in
endogenous 5-HT outflow. PCA was about ten times more effective in eliciting 5-HT outflow
than MET. The 5-HT uptake inhibitors examined had similar potency for 5-HT outflow. PCA
and CLM increased 5-HT outflow in a temperature-dependent manner. The outflow of 5-HT
induced by PCA or 5-HT uptake inhibitors was independent of extracellular Ca2+
concentration. The 5-HT outflow induced by CLM, but not that by PCA, was dependent on the
extracellular NaCl concentration. These results suggest that the 5-HT uptake system of
5-HT-containing chemoreceptor cells in the chicken thoracic aorta has characteristics
similar to those of 5-HT-containing neurons in the mammalian central nervous system
(CNS). 相似文献
42.
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in Water Environment of Singapore
Jiangyong Hu Jing Yu Shuhei Tanaka Shigeo Fujii 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,216(1-4):179-191
Recently, there has been increasing concern about perfluorinated compounds, especially perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) due to their biotic and abiotic persistence and chronic toxicity. To characterize the spatial distribution and seasonal variation of PFOS and PFOA in the aquatic and oceanic environment of Singapore, more than 100 water samples from reservoirs, rivers/canals, coastal waters, and treated effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were collected and analyzed in this study. Solid-phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with tandem MS (HPLC/MS/MS) was applied to quantitatively identify PFOS and PFOA. PFOS concentrations in surface waters, wastewaters and coastal waters were in the range of 2.2?C87.3 ng/L, 5.8?C532 ng/L, and 1.9?C8.9 ng/L, respectively, while those of PFOA were 5.7?C91.5 ng/L, 7.9?C1,060 ng/L, 2.4?C17.8 ng/L, respectively. Compared with surface waters and wastewaters, coastal waters had lower concentrations of PFOS and PFOA. Highest concentration of PFOA (532 ng/L) and PFOA (1,060 ng/L) were observed in treated effluents of two WWTPs. Our results suggest that coastal waters in the western area of Singapore are more heavily contaminated than those in the middle and eastern areas. The release of effluents from WWTPs is an important pathway by which perfluorinated compounds enter the oceanic environment. Between dry season and wet season, significant seasonal differences (p?=?0.025) were observed in surface waters for PFOS only, while no discernable seasonal differences were found for both PFOS and PFOA in coastal waters and wastewaters. 相似文献
43.
Ueta K Takenaka S Yabuta Y Watanabe F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(22):12054-12058
Vitamin B(12) was assayed and characterized in the broth of canned clams (boiled plain). The broth contained considerable amounts of vitamin B(12) (2.7-14.1 μg/100 g, 1.3-6.7 μg/can). HPLC and LC/ESI-MS/MS chromatograms demonstrated that the clam broth contained true vitamin B(12). Gel filtration experiments indicated that most (72%) of the vitamin B(12) found in the broth was recovered in free vitamin B(12) fractions. These results indicate that the clam broth would be suitable for use an excellent source of free vitamin B(12) for elderly persons with food-bound vitamin B(12) malabsorption. 相似文献
44.
Okada H Iwamaru Y Imamura M Masujin K Matsuura Y Shimizu Y Kasai K Takata M Fukuda S Nikaido S Fujii K Onoe S Mohri S Yokoyama T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(11):1465-1471
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder of cattle characterized by accumulation of the disease-associated prion protein (PrP(Sc)) in the central nervous system (CNS). The immunohistochemical patterns and distribution of PrP(Sc) were investigated in the CNS, brains, and spinal cords of 7 naturally occurring BSE cases confirmed by the fallen stock surveillance program in Japan. No animals showed characteristic clinical signs of the disease. Coronal slices of 14 different brain areas in each case were immunohistochemically analyzed using an anti-prion protein antibody. Immunolabeled PrP(Sc) deposition was widely observed throughout each brain and spinal cord. Intense PrP(Sc) deposition was greater in the thalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord of the gray matter than in the neocortices. The topographical distribution pattern and severity of PrP(Sc) accumulation were mapped and plotted as immunohistochemical profiles of the different brain areas along the caudal-rostral axis of the brain. The distribution pattern and severity of the immunolabeled PrP(Sc) in the CNS were almost the same among the 7 cases analyzed, suggesting that the naturally occurring cases in this study were at the preclinical stage of the disease. Immunohistochemical mapping of the PrP(Sc) deposits will be used to clarify the different stages of BSE in cattle. 相似文献
45.
Sayuki KITAGAWA Naoshige ABE Madoka SUTOH Etsuko KASUYA Shoei SUGITA Masato AOYAMA Ken‐ichi YAYOU 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(2):314-319
Some evidence suggests that there might be a species difference in the effect of intracerebroventricularly administered (ICV) prolactin‐releasing peptide (PrRP) between rodents and sheep. We compared the levels of cortisol (CORT) and prolactin (PRL), rectal temperature (RT) and behavioral responses to ICV bovine PrRP (bPrRP) in steers. ICV bPrRP (0.2, 2 and 20 nmol/200 µL) tended to evoke a dose‐related increase in CORT concentrations and 0.2 nmol of bPrRP induced transient increase in PRL concentrations. A significant time–treatment interaction was observed for the percent change of CORT (P < 0.05) and PRL (P < 0.05) from pre‐injection value. The time–treatment interaction for changes in RT was not significant (P = 0.50). There tended to be a difference among the four treatments in terms of maximum change in RT from the pre‐injection value between 0 and 90 min (P < 0.1). Stress‐related behavioral signs were not observed in the present experiment. These findings indicate that ICV bPrRP increased CORT and PRL levels, suggesting that central PrRP might participate in controlling the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenal axis and PRL release in cattle, unlike sheep. In contrast, central PrRP is unlikely to be involved in controlling the behavior of this species because ICV bPrRP did not induce marked changes in their behavior. 相似文献
46.
Shigeo OWAKI Saiko KAWABUCHI Kosuke IKEMITSU Haruhi SHONO Hidefumi FURUOKA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(7):879-881
Six adult dairy cows clinically diagnosed as hemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS) were the
subjects of this study. The involved intestinal lesions were fixed in formalin and
examined macroscopically and histopathologically. Pathological examinations revealed large
intramural hematomas with necrotic foci, resulting in luminal obstruction. The mucosal
layer in the lesions was detached from the intestinal wall, and there were no hemorrhagic
changes in the lumen. The intramural hematomas were sometimes covered with histologically
intact mucosal layer. These pathological findings were not consistent with those of
“intraluminal blood clots” reported previously. Gram-positive and
anti-Clostridium antibody-positive short bacilli were found in
hemorrhagic necrotic areas. However, the exact relationship between
Clostridium spp. observed in the lesions and HBS remains unclear,
because this bacterium is a normal inhabitant in cattle. 相似文献
47.
Shigeo Yoneda 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):206-210
The physical analysis of soil tilth has long been one of the important problems in relationship to the solution of soil productivity. Various methods have been proposed to measure soil tilth and most of them are based upon granulation, porosity, penetration and compressibility of soils. In our laboratory here studies3,4) for the physical improvement of soil are being continued to find a suitable method of reclamation for heavy clayey polder soils of extremely bad structure in Kojima Bay. In this paper several methods for measuring the consistency limits, and consistency of dry and wet soil are reported, and the value of these methods as a measure of soil tilth is discussed. 相似文献
48.
Yuki Okamoto Anh T. Nguyen Motohiro Yoshioka Julio C.M. Iehisa Shigeo Takumi 《Breeding Science》2013,63(4):423-429
Synthetic hexaploid wheat is an effective genetic resource for transferring agronomically important genes from Aegilops tauschii to common wheat. Wide variation in grain size and shape, one of the main targets for wheat breeding, has been observed among Ae. tauschii accessions. To identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for grain size and shape variation in the wheat D genome under a hexaploid genetic background, six parameters related to grain size and shape were measured using SmartGrain digital image software and QTL analysis was conducted using four F2 mapping populations of wheat synthetic hexaploids. In total, 18 QTLs for the six parameters were found on five of the seven D-genome chromosomes. The identified QTLs significantly contributed to the variation in grain size and shape among the synthetic wheat lines, implying that the D-genome QTLs might be at least partly functional in hexaploid wheat. Thus, synthetic wheat lines with diverse D genomes from Ae. tauschii are useful resources for the identification of agronomically important loci that function in hexaploid wheat. 相似文献
49.
Anh T. Nguyen Julio C. M. Iehisa Nobuyuki Mizuno Miyuki Nitta Shuhei Nasuda Shigeo Takumi 《Breeding Science》2013,63(4):374-383
Wheat landraces carry abundant genetic variation in heading and flowering times. Here, we studied flowering-related traits of two Nepalese varieties, KU-4770 and KU-180 and a Japanese wheat cultivar, Shiroganekomugi (SGK). These three wheat varieties showed similar flowering time in a common garden experiment. In total, five significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for three examined traits, the heading, flowering and maturation times, were detected using an F2 population of SGK/KU-4770. The QTLs were found at the Ppd-1 loci on chromosomes 2B and 2D and the 2B QTL was also confirmed in another F2 population of SGK/KU-180. The Ppd-D1 allele from SGK and the Ppd-B1 alleles from the two Nepalese varieties might be causal for early-flowering phenotype. The SGK Ppd-D1 allele contained a 2-kb deletion in the 5′ upstream region, indicating a photoperiod-insensitive Ppd-D1a allele. Real-time PCR analysis estimating the Ppd-B1 copy number revealed that the two Nepalese varieties included two intact Ppd-B1 copies, putatively resulting in photoperiod insensitivity and an early-flowering phenotype. The two photoperiod-insensitive Ppd-1 homoeoalleles could independently contribute to segregation of early-flowering individuals in the two F2 populations. Therefore, wheat landraces are genetic resources for discovery of alleles useful for improving wheat heading or flowering times. 相似文献
50.
YIRu-han MASAEShiyomi SHIGEOTakahashi TADAKATSUOkubo 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2004,11(1):47-51
In order to understand the temporal changes of botanical composition in grassland ecosystem, and to clarify the relation between these changes and environmental impacts, such as climatic factors and artificial disturbance, a grazing trail was carried out during a 21-year period from 1974 at a sown grassland of the National Grassland Research Institute, located in Nishinasuno, the central area of Japan. The data sets of biomass for each mouth(from April to November)of the 21-year period were analyzed in this paper. The botanical composition of aboveground biomass varied greatly with both season and year. The biomass ratio of improved herbage species to invaded native plants gradually decreased each year. This may have been owing to meteorological factors, such as low air-temperature in winter, dry and hot summers, grassland management(including grazing intensity and fertilizer application), and inter-specific competition between native and introduced herbage plants. 相似文献