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61.
62.
Annetta Zintl Guy McGrath Luke O’Grady June Fanning Kevin Downing Denise Roche Mícheál Casey Jeremy S Gray 《Irish veterinary journal》2014,67(1):19
Background
In Ireland bovine babesiosis is caused by the tick-borne blood parasite, Babesia divergens. A survey of veterinary practitioners and farmers in the 1980’s revealed an annual incidence of 1.7% associated with considerable economic losses. However, two subsequent surveys in the 1990’s indicated a decline in clinical babesiosis. Recent evidence from continental Europe suggests that, probably due to climate change, the distribution of the tick vector of B. divergens, Ixodes ricinus is extending to more northerly regions and higher altitudes. In addition, milder winters are thought to widen the window of tick activity.In order to determine whether any such changes have affected the incidence of bovine babesiosis in Ireland, a questionnaire survey of farmers and veterinarians was carried out and compared with data from previous surveys.Results
Our survey indicates that while the incidence of clinical disease has continued to decline, cases can occur at any time of year. In contrast to previous surveys, affected farms were the same size as unaffected ones. There was no correlation between disease risk and the presence of deer on the land. Disease severity and mortality rates were increased because many infections were advanced by the time they were detected and treated.Conclusion
While the precise reasons for the decline in the incidence of redwater are unknown, changes in agricultural practice are likely to be of importance. A reversal of the trend could be devastating, as vigilance among farmers and veterinarians is flagging and the national herd is losing its protective immunity to disease. 相似文献63.
Background
The emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing concern to public and animal health. The contribution attributable to wildlife remains unclear. In this study two unrelated wildlife species herring gulls (Larus argentatus) and a hybrid deer (Cervus elaphus x Cervus nippon) were investigated for the presence of Escherichia coli expressing an AMR phenotype.Findings
Bacterial isolates resistant to β-lactam compounds were identified in both animal species and the production of functional β-lactamase was confirmed using nitrocefin. The prevalence of resistant isolates was higher in herring gulls (87%) compared to deer (31%). Resistance to this class of antibiotic was found only in non-pathogenic E. coli in herring gulls and in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic E. coli strains in deer.Conclusions
The presence of AMR in wildlife has implications for public health, food safety and potable water source protection among others. 相似文献64.
A S Sahul Hameed P V Rao J J Farmer F W Hickman-Brenner G R Fanning 《Aquaculture Research》1996,27(11):853-863
In the summer months, epizootics occurred regularly among larvae of Penaeus indicus (Milne Edwards) in a hatchery located at Narakkal near Cochin, India. The clinical signs of infected larvae were expansion of chromatophores. opaqueness of body with twisting and degeneration of appendages. Bacteria were isolated from the infected larvae. These bacteria had morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the genus Vibrio, but these properties did not correspond with those of known Vibrio species. The Vibrio was most related to Vibrio campbellii according to DNA-hybridization experiments. By pathogenicity experiments, the present Vibrio isolate was proved to be pathogenic to larvae, postlarvae and adult shrimp. Shrimp larvae challenged by immersion showed significant mortalities. The bacterial isolate failed to produce the infection in adult shrimp after oral inoculation but it caused significant mortality in adults after intramuscular injection. LC50 and LD50 values of the Vibrio isolate were determined for larvae and adult shrimps, respectively, at different time intervals. 相似文献
65.
On the central portion of the west Florida continental shelf, radionuclide activities show unusually wide variations: radium-226 activities up to 350 disintegrations per minute per 100 liters, radon-222 activities up to 1300 disintegrations per minute per 100 liters, and deficiencies of radon-222 as low as -10 disintegrations per minute per 100 liters. Florida's phosphate-rich strata seerm to be the principal source of the radionuclides, with the transfer occurring directly from sediments or indirectly in streams, ground-water flow, and geothermal springs. Winter storm fronts may enhance radon degassing in the shelf waters. 相似文献
66.
O'Mahony R Abbott Y Leonard FC Markey BK Quinn PJ Pollock PJ Fanning S Rossney AS 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,109(3-4):285-296
Reports of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in animals have become more frequent in recent years. This paper documents the recovery of MRSA from animals with respiratory, urinary tract or wound infection and from animals subjected to surgical procedures following treatment in one veterinary hospital and 16 private veterinary clinics in different geographical locations throughout Ireland. MRSA was recovered from 25 animals comprising 14 dogs, eight horses, one cat, one rabbit and a seal, and also from 10 attendant veterinary personnel. Clinical susceptibility testing suggested that the 35 isolates fell into two different groups. One group of isolates (Group 1) was resistant to one or more of the following classes of antimicrobials: macrolides, lincosamines, tetracyclines and/or fluoroquinolones. The second group (Group 2) was resistant to macrolides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole and variably resistant to fluoroquinolones, lincosamines and rifampicin. One isolate in Group 2 was susceptible to trimethoprim. Epidemiological typing by antibiogram-resistogram (AR) typing, biotyping and by chromosomal DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using SmaI digestion followed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), confirmed these two major clusters. PFGE analysis showed that most isolates from non-equine animals were indistinguishable from each other and from the isolates from personnel caring for these animals. MRSA was isolated from eight horses which attended six different veterinary practices before referral to an equine veterinary hospital. Isolates from the eight horses and from their attendant personnel had PFGE patterns that were indistinguishable and were unlike the patterns obtained from the other isolates. Comparison of PFGE patterns of isolates from veterinary sources with patterns from MRSA recovered in human hospitals showed that the most frequently occurring pattern of MRSA from non-equine animals was indistinguishable from the predominant pattern obtained from the most prevalent MRSA strain in the human population in Ireland. However, the patterns of the isolates from horses were unlike any patterns previously reported in Irish studies of human isolates. This study shows that transmission of two strains of MRSA is occurring in veterinary practices in Ireland and that one strain may have arisen from human hospitals. The source of the second strain remains to be determined. 相似文献
67.
D.S. Fanning 《Geoderma》1984,32(1):71-73
68.
Shaved margin histopathology and imprint cytology for assessment of excision in canine mast cell tumors and soft tissue sarcomas 下载免费PDF全文
69.
XLPE cable in practical application is subjected mostly to thermal stress, which would cause an irreversible damaging and shorten its lifetime. A method based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)is proposed. This paper presents the characteristic quantities of thermal aging process-vertical relaxation time and area of wave crest. Experimental results indicate that the vertical relaxation time and area of wave crest decreases with the increase of aging time and aging temperature, and the relationship between the area of wave crest and aging time is approximately linear. The proposed method provides great application value for monitoring cable aging process. 相似文献
70.
The objective of this study was to examine the impact of hospitalisation and antimicrobial drug administration on the prevalence of resistance in commensal faecal E. coli of horses. Faecal samples were collected from ten hospitalised horses treated with antimicrobials, ten hospitalised horses not treated with antimicrobials and nine non-hospitalised horses over a consecutive five day period and susceptibility testing was performed on isolated E. coli. Results revealed that hospitalisation alone was associated with increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance in commensal E. coli of horses. Due to the risk of transfer of resistance between commensal and pathogenic bacteria, veterinarians need to be aware of possible resistance in commensal bacteria when treating hospitalised horses. 相似文献