Surgical Management of Enterocutaneous Fistula in a Mare

Enterocutaneous fistulas are reported to be sequelae of congenital umbilical hernia or penetrating trauma to the equine patient's abdomen. An enterocutaneous fistula is considered to be the least common clinical presentation in a horse with incarcinated umbilical hernia, and may be life-threatening if not managed timely. This case report describes an enterocutaneous fistula in a mare as a sequela to congenital umblical hernia. The mare had an uneventful recovery after surgical repair and delivered a healthy foal on subsequent follow-up. The report highlights the need to repair congenital umbilical hernias (regardless of the size), if they do not resolve by the age of 6 to 12 months.     

Influence of some nematicides on the chemical composition of tomato fruits

The influence of five nematicides viz., DBCP, D-D, fensulfothion, carbofuran and aldicarb was investigated on the chemical composition of tomato fruits. Nematicidal treatment had considerable effect on the dry matter, acidity, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene and lycopene content. In general, beta-carotene content decreased whereas acidity and ascorbic acid content increased. D-D and DBCP decreased the dry matter while all other treatments increased it. Lycopene content decreased with all nematicides except aldicarb.

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Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von 5 verschiedenen Nematiziden, DBCP, D-D, Fensulfothion, Carbofuran and Aldicarb, wurde im Hinblick auf die chemische Zusammenzetzung von Tomatenfrüchten untersucht. Behandlung mit Nematiziden hatte eine beträchtliche Wirkung auf Trockensubstanz, Gesamtsäure, Ascorbinsäure, -Carotin und Lycopin. Im allgemeinen nahm der -Carotin-gehalt ab, während Säure- und Ascorbinsäuregehalt zunahmen. D-D und DBCP bewirkten eine Abnahme der Trockensubstanz, während alle anderen Behandlungen sie förderten. Der Lycopingehalt nahm bei allen Nematizid-Behandlungen ab, mit Ausnahme bei Aldicarb-Behandlung.

     

Effects of nematicides on the chemical composition of the fruits of egg-plant (Solanum melongena L.)

Five nematicides — aldicarb, carbofuran, phorate, fensulfothion and DBCP — were studied in a field experiment to investigate their effect on the chemical composition of the fruits of egg-plant. There were no significant differences in the dry matter content of fruits from different treatments. A significant decrease in the crude protein content was observed with nematicide treatments. Phenolic compounds increased on application of phorate while all other treatments, except carbofuran, decreased these compounds. A significant increase over control in solasodine content of fruits was observed with all treatments.     

Response of different pomegranate cultivars to foliar application of potassium nitrate in arid irrigated region of Punjab

Ambe-bahar crop response of four pomegranate cultivars to foliar applications of potassium nitrate (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%) in May–June was evaluated at Punjab Agricultural University Regional Research Station, Abohar, Punjab, India, during 2015 and 2016. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design, replicated thrice. Over control, potassium nitrate significantly improved growth and productivity of pomegranate. Different spray concentrations considerably influenced plant volume in Phule Arakta and Ganesh. The differences in fruit yield were non-significant in Bhagwa and Phule Arakta. In Mridula and Ganesh, maximum yield was noted at 1.5% sprays which, however, were statistically comparable to 1% sprays. Fruit quality also varied markedly with the type of cultivar and concentration of spray solution. From the study, it comes out that potassium nitrate sprays at 0.5% in Bhagwa and Phule Arakta is highly beneficial in maintaining higher productivity and quality of fruits. In Mridula and Ganesh, 1% sprays prove more advantageous.     

Genomic affinities between Brassica napus and Raphanus raphanistrum as revealed by meiotic GISH

An intergeneric hybrid between Brassica napus (AC, n = 19) and Raphanus raphanistrum (Rr, n = 9) was developed using the sequential ovary–ovule culture. Morphological, molecular, cytological studies and fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization were conducted to establish the hybridity and genomic relatedness. F₁ hybrid plants were male sterile and morphologically intermediate between the two parents. Cytological analysis of the hybrid plants revealed 10II + 8I as the predominant meiotic configuration with the mean bivalent frequency of 8.83. A maximum of 13II were observed in 8.24% of the pollen mother cells (PMCs). GISH studies facilitated the identification of two allopairs, confirming homoeologous pairing between A/C and Rr genomes. This may have significant implications in terms of transgene flow and possible introgression into R. raphanistrum, which is a common canola weed in Canada and Australia. The intergeneric hybrid B. napus × R. raphanistrum so produced also has the potential to be used as a bridging species for the transfer of desirable genes to amphiploid crop Brassica species carrying A/C genomes.     

Interspecific hybridization in Allium crops: status and prospectus

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Alliums are essential crops in daily diet for their flavor and medicinal value, which are highly cross pollinated crops, prone to inbreeding, or continuous...     

Analysis and stability of sucralose in a milk-based confection by a simple planar chromatographic method

Sucralose used as high potency sweetener in foods was determined in burfi, a milk-based confection produced in-house. Therefore planar chromatography was employed as a preferred method because of a reagent-free derivatization step. Sucralose was determined on HPTLC amino plates whose amino groups reacted with sucralose to fluorescent zones by just heating the plate after chromatography. Thus derivatization was simultaneously performed for 22 separations per plate, and with ease, over 300 runs can be performed within a day of labor. The within-run precision (%RSD) of sucralose determination in milk-based confection was 4.2% (n = 5), and the mean recovery 88% +/- 4.7% (n = 6). LOD via fluorescence measurement was 6 ng/band for standard solutions and 1 mg/kg for the milk-based matrix. According to European legislation, the limits for sucralose addition ranged between 10 and 3000 mg/kg for various foods and thus were fully met with this method. The fluorescence measurement at 366/>400 nm turned out to be slightly more robust and intense than the absorbance measurement at UV 254 nm. The stability of sucralose in milk-based confection was proved under the usual storage conditions at 5, 30, and 45 degrees C for up to 28 days. Potential hydrolysis products of sucralose caused by various modes of storing the confection were not observed up to 28 days.     

Humic acid improved efficiency of fertigation and productivity of tomato

Studies were conducted during 2010–2012 at University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. Four fertigation levels were tested with humic acid (combined fertigation) and without humic acid (sole fertigation or fertigation alone). The experiment comprising eight treatment combinations in Randomized Block design, replicated four times. Investigations revealed that combined fertigation significantly increased plant height (5.7%), total dry matter (7.7%), leaf area index (3.2%), chlorophyll content (4.7%) and fruit yield (9.6%) over sole fertigation. Higher available N and K in was recorded in surface soils whereas, better translocation of available P was noted at 10–20 cm soil layers under combined fertigation. Higher nutrient recovery and fertilizer use efficiency was also noted in combined fertigation. Fertigation along with humic acid resulted in 20 per cent fertilizer savings over fertigation alone. It is concluded that efficiency of fertigation can further be increased by using humic substances in any agricultural production system.