不同鲜食葡萄品种品质差异性分析

以陕西西安郊区温室与露地不同葡萄品种为试材,综合评定了果实品质指标(可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、维生素C、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、白藜芦醇、原花青素),以期为筛选适宜陕西西安郊区栽培的优良鲜食葡萄品种提供参考依据。结果表明:从不同品种筛选方面,温室品种"夏黑""户太8号"综合品质优良,其次是"红芭拉蒂"和"金优2号";露地品种"夏黑""红芭拉蒂"综合品质较优,其次是"着色香""佛雷"。从品质表现筛选方面,温室品种"户太8号"和"红芭拉蒂"风味较优,"红芭拉蒂"和"夏黑"营养价值较优,"夏黑"和"金优2号"的口感较好,"夏黑"的活性物质较高;露地品种"着色香"和"金手指"风味较好,"红芭拉蒂"营养价值较高,"户太8号""着色香"的口感较好,其次是"佛雷","佛雷"和"夏黑"活性物质含量较高。从成熟期筛选方面,早熟和中熟品种优于晚熟和极早熟品种。从栽培方式来看,直插优于嫁接,砧木对品质有一定影响。     

环绕滴灌施肥制度对苹果产量、水分利用和品质的影响

针对北京市果树生产水肥用量大、用工多以及环绕滴灌施肥技术参数不明的现状,采用裂区设计方法,研究了环绕滴灌施肥条件下不同灌溉施肥制度对果树生长、产量、水分利用及品质的影响。结果表明:采用环绕滴灌施肥技术,张力计读数为-25kPa时开始灌溉,每次灌水22.5~52.5mm,随水滴施水溶肥60~120kg/hm2的处理较好,与常规对照相比,节水29%、纯养分节约49%~67%,产量增加4.4%~8.5%,水分利用效率提高9.3~11.7kg/mm,可溶性固形物含量提高1.8~2.1个百分点。     

不同锌肥施用方式对番茄果实的影响

以番茄为试材,设置底施、随水冲施、叶面喷施锌肥为处理,以不施锌肥为对照,研究了锌肥不同施用方式对番茄生长指标和生理指标的影响。结果表明:叶面喷施锌肥处理番茄果实直径平均值比不施锌肥的CK高6.15mm;同时可以提高番茄果实内IAA、ZR、DHZR、GA3含量,降低ABA含量;增加果实中SOD、POD活性,提高植株的抗逆性,延缓衰老。同时改善番茄果实品质,叶面喷施处理与对照相比,果实糖酸比提高9.5%,维生素C含量提高了近1倍,可溶性固形物含量提高23.4%。施用锌肥处理各项指标优于不施锌肥的处理,其中以叶面喷施效果最佳。     

Cardiac evaluation of anesthetized Grevy's zebras (Equus grevyi)

OBJECTIVE: To determine ECG and echocardiographic measurements in healthy anesthetized Grevy's zebras (Equus grevyi). ANIMALS: 20 healthy zebras. PROCEDURES: Auscultation, base-apex ECG, and echocardiography were performed on anesthetized zebras. RESULTS: Low-grade systolic murmurs were detected in the left basilar region in 4 of 20 zebras. Evaluation of ECGs from 19 zebras revealed sinus rhythm with a predominantly negative QRS complex and a mean +/- SD heart rate of 67 +/- 10 beats/min. Echocardiograms of sufficient image quality were obtained for 16 zebras. Interventricular septal thickness in diastole, left ventricular chamber in diastole and systole, left atrial diameter, and left ventricular mass were significantly and moderately correlated with estimated body weight (r values ranged from 0.650 to 0.884). Detectable swirling of blood in the right and sometimes the left ventricles was detected in 9 of 16 zebras, whereas physiologic regurgitation of blood was detected for the aortic valve in 3 zebras, pulmonary valve in 2 zebras, mitral valve in 2 zebras, and tricuspid valve in 1 zebra. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of this study provide reference information for use in the cardiac evaluation of anesthetized Grevy's zebras.     

Seroprevalence of and agroecological risk factors for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and neospora caninum infection among adult beef cattle in cow-calf herds in Alberta, Canada

A province-wide cross-sectional seroprevalence and agroecological risk factor study of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Neospora caninum (NC) infection among cattle in 100 cow-calf herds in Alberta was conducted. The seroprevalence of MAP in adult cattle was 1.5% across all herds. Using a widely accepted herd test cutpoint of 2 or more seropositive cows out of 30 animals tested, 7.9% of herds were estimated to be infected (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.3-23.4%). Seroprevalence of MAP differed by agroecological region; specifically, cattle and herds in areas with high soil pH (> 7.0), southern latitudes, and arid climates had a moderately reduced risk of infection (P < 0.10). Seroprevalence of NC infection was 9.7% among adult beef cattle province-wide--these levels also varied by agroecological region--with 91.0% of herds infected overall.     

Treatment of feline hypertension with transdermal amlodipine: a pilot study

This prospective study evaluated transdermal amlodipine for the control of hypertension in six cats. Cats were treated with oral amlodipine until blood pressures decreased to <180 mm Hg. They were maintained on this dose for 7 days and then administered identical doses of transdermal amlodipine for 7 days. Oral amlodipine decreased pressure by a median of 73 mm Hg, which subsequently increased by 20 mm Hg after 7 days of transdermal amlodipine. Plasma concentrations of amlodipine were measured after oral and transdermal dosing. Additional studies are needed to determine dosing, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy.     

North American veterinary pathology residency training programs: an overview of where they are today and where they were five years ago, with an analysis of trends

An e-mail/telephone survey of all active North American residency training programs in veterinary pathology was conducted in September 2005. The purpose of this survey was to determine current numbers of trainees, their program length and type, and salaries; to compare current numbers to five years earlier; and, finally, to gauge interest in expanding current programs. All 41 training institutions contacted responded to the survey. Briefly, the survey found that there are currently 235 veterinary pathology residents, for a mean of 5.7 residents per training program. The number of residents currently in training programs and the number of applicants for these programs has increased compared to five years earlier. There is widespread interest in further expanding capacity in these programs, and the coalition of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists and the Society of Toxicologic Pathology is a well-known source of possible funding for additional residents. This survey report further documents the numbers of combined residency/PhD programs, average starting salaries for new residents, outside sponsorship effects on pathology training programs, and some of the common concerns regarding veterinary pathology training programs voiced by the respondents. While residency training capacity has expanded in the last five years, and there is widespread desire to further expand these training programs, a shortage of veterinary pathologists for future market needs will need to be addressed by increased funding from as yet unspecified sources.