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21.
During the last interglacial, Antarctic climate changed before that of the Northern Hemisphere. Large local changes in precession forcing could have produced this pattern if there were a rectified response in sea ice cover. Results from a coupled sea ice-ocean general circulation model supported this hypothesis when it was tested for three intervals around the last interglacial. Such a mechanism may play an important role in contributing to phase offsets between Northern and Southern Hemisphere climate change for other time intervals. 相似文献
22.
Ectoparasitic dermatitis in free-ranging swamp wallabies (Wallabia bicolor) in New South Wales 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
We report extensive dermatological lesions in three, free-ranging, adult, male swamp wallabies ( Wallabia bicolor ), presented to Taronga Western Plains Zoo wildlife hospital. All three animals were moderately infested with the louse species Heterodoxus ualabati , and two were concurrently infested with a previously undescribed sarcoptiform mite of the genus Diabolicoptes . Histological changes included moderate to marked compact hyperkeratosis, focal deep pyoderma and superficial dermatophytosis. Mild to moderate hyperplastic perivascular and periadnexal dermatitis with marked superficial and follicular hyperkeratosis was evident in the skin of the inguinal region and lateral thigh of the two wallabies infested with the Diabolicoptes species. This is the first report of ectoparasitic dermatitis in free-ranging swamp wallabies and the first report of mites of the genus Diabolicoptes from a macropodid. 相似文献
23.
AJ Korzekwa TJ Acosta M Miklewicz K Okuda SH Lee DJ Skarzynski 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):e288-e296
The aim of this study was to determine which cells are the source of production and target for leukotriene (LTs) action within the bovine ovary. Luteal (CL, days 14–16 of the oestrous cycle), steroidogenic cells (LSC) and endothelial cells (LEC) of the bovine corpus luteum (CL), and granulosa cells (GC) were isolated enzymatically, cultured in a monolayer and incubated with LTC4, LTB4, Azelastine (an antagonist of LTC4) or Dapsone (an antagonist of LTB4). Then cells were collected for determination of mRNA expression for LT receptors (LTRs) and 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LO) by real time RT‐PCR, and media were collected for determination of prostaglandin (PG)E2, F2α, progesterone (P4; LSC only), endothelin‐1 (ET‐1; LEC only) and 17‐β oestradiol (E2; GC only). The greatest mRNA expression for LTR‐II and 5‐LO were found in LEC, whereas LTR‐I mRNA expression did not differ among cell types. The level of PGE2 increased after LTs treatment in each type of ovarian cell, excluding LTC4 treatment in LEC. The secretion of PGF2α was also increased by LTs, but decreased after LTB4 treatment of LSC. In GC cultures, both LTs stimulated E2 secretion; in LEC cultures, LTB4 stimulated whereas LTC4 inhibited P4 secretion; in LEC cultures, LTC4 stimulated but LTB4 inhibited ET‐1 secretion. The results show that LTs are produced locally and are involved in PGs production/secretion in all examined cells (LSC, LEC and GC) of bovine ovary. Leukotriene treatment modulate secretion of E2, by GC, P4 by LSC and ET‐1 by LEC, which indicates that LTs are involved in regulation of ovarian secretory functions. 相似文献
24.
E. TYDÉN H. BJŐRNSTRŐM H. TJÄLVE P. LARSSON 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2010,33(4):332-340
Tydén, E., Bj?rnstr?m, H., Tjälve, H., Larsson, P. Expression and localization of BCRP, MRP1 and MRP2 in intestines, liver and kidney in horse. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. doi: 10.1111/j.1365‐2885.2009.01140.x. The gene and protein expression and the cellular localization of the ABC transport proteins breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), multidrug resistance‐associated protein 1 (MRP1) and multidrug resistance‐associated protein 2 (MRP2) have been examined in the intestines, liver and kidney in horse. High gene and protein expression of BCRP and MRP2 were found in the small intestines, with cellular localization in the apical membranes of the enterocytes. In the liver, MRP2 was present in the bile canalicular membranes of the hepatocytes, whereas BCRP was localized in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in the peripheral parts of the liver lobuli. In the kidney both BCRP and MRP2 were predominantly present in the distal tubuli and in the loops of Henle. In most tissues, the gene and protein expression of MRP1 were much lower than for BCRP and MRP2. Immunostaining of MRP1 was detectable only in the intestines and with localization in the cytoplasm of enterocytes in the caecum and colon and in the cells of serous acini of Brunner’s glands in the duodenum and the upper jejunum. The latter cells were also stained for BCRP, but not for MRP2. Many drugs used in horse are substrates for one or more of the ABC transport proteins. These transporters may therefore have important functions for oral bioavailability, distribution and excretion of substrate compounds in horse. 相似文献
25.
S S Semalulu J M MacPherson H B Schiefer G G Khachatourians 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1992,39(2):81-90
The potential pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana was examined by intramuscular injection of high (2 x 10(8)) or low (2 x 10(5)) concentrations of conidia spores, into the left or right quadriceps muscles of CD-1 mice, respectively. The injection sites were monitored over a period of 28 days by both microbiological and histopathological methods. Focal muscle necrosis, edema and inflammation occurred rapidly (within 12 hours) at the high dose application (2 x 10(8)) site, but such lesions were far less severe with the low dose spore application (2 x 10(5)). Fungal spores in the high dose site persisted in normal shape for 2 weeks, after which time they began to degenerate. Almost all spores were cleared from the injection site within the 28-day observation period. Spread to other organs of the body was not observed, except by macrophage transport to regional lymph nodes. At the low dose rate, most spores were cleared within 12 h to 2 d, leaving only mild focal edema and inflammation. Viable fungal colonies could be recovered up to 3 d after injection from the high dose site, but only up to 12 h from the low dose site. It was concluded that B. bassiana does not cause infection, nor multiply, nor survive for more than 3 days when injected intramuscularly into healthy mice. 相似文献
26.
27.
A longitudinal study of veterinary students and recent graduates: 3. Perceptions of veterinary education 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Objective To examine the attitudes and opinions on veterinary education at the beginning and end of the veterinary course, and after graduation.
Design Longitudinal study.
Population Students – 154 in all – who began studying veterinary science at The University of Queensland in 1985 and 1986.
Procedure Questionnaires were completed in the first and fifth year of the course and in the second year after graduation. The data were analysed using the SAS System for Windows.
Results When they entered the course, the students were looking forward more to learning about animals than about basic sciences. At fifth year and after graduation most believed that more emphasis should have been placed on all facets of their education except the basic sciences. It may be difficult to increase this emphasis without placing undue pressure on the students, although more than half of the fifth year students and graduates agreed that there is much in the curriculum that is not needed by a practising veterinarian. Only one-third or less agreed that veterinarians are well equipped to practise veterinary science immediately they graduate. There was no relationship between the level of agreement with this statement, and the academic grades obtained.
Conclusions A majority of veterinary graduates do not believe that they are well equipped to practice immediately they graduate. They believe that more emphasis should have been placed on most facets of their education, but, conversely, that there is much in the curriculum that is not needed by a practising veterinarian. 相似文献
Design Longitudinal study.
Population Students – 154 in all – who began studying veterinary science at The University of Queensland in 1985 and 1986.
Procedure Questionnaires were completed in the first and fifth year of the course and in the second year after graduation. The data were analysed using the SAS System for Windows.
Results When they entered the course, the students were looking forward more to learning about animals than about basic sciences. At fifth year and after graduation most believed that more emphasis should have been placed on all facets of their education except the basic sciences. It may be difficult to increase this emphasis without placing undue pressure on the students, although more than half of the fifth year students and graduates agreed that there is much in the curriculum that is not needed by a practising veterinarian. Only one-third or less agreed that veterinarians are well equipped to practise veterinary science immediately they graduate. There was no relationship between the level of agreement with this statement, and the academic grades obtained.
Conclusions A majority of veterinary graduates do not believe that they are well equipped to practice immediately they graduate. They believe that more emphasis should have been placed on most facets of their education, but, conversely, that there is much in the curriculum that is not needed by a practising veterinarian. 相似文献
28.
Fatal placental hemorrhage in pregnant CD-1 mice following one oral dose of T-2 toxin. 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
Forty-eight hours after oral administration of a single dose (3.0 mg/kg BW) of T-2 toxin to mice on days 7, 8, 10, 11 and 12 of pregnancy, 17% maternal mortality following vaginal hemorrhage was encountered. Necropsy examination of the dead females revealed that massive hemorrhages originating from the placental regions had occurred into the reproductive tract. This observation supports the studies in which hemorrhagic disease has been described as characteristic for intoxications with T-2 toxin. The results suggest that fatal hemorrhage during pregnancy can occur in hemochorial and hemoendotheliochorial placental mammals as a result of T-2 toxin administration. 相似文献
29.
30.