山羊C D 4基因的克隆及组织表达分析

CD4基因是质膜上的转运系统之一,为动物辅助性T细胞(TH)和部分胸腺细胞的共受体与信号传导分子,参与TCR介导的TH细胞活化和胸腺细胞分化过程.该研究首次克隆了山羊CD4基因(GenBank登录号:EU913093),并分析了该基因的组织表达情况.结果表明:所克隆的山羊CD4全长cDNA序列为1 555bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为1 368bp,编码455个氨基酸的蛋白,相对分子质量为5.05×104,等电点为9.52.山羊CD4蛋白前体由信号肽、胞外区、跨膜区和胞浆区4个部分构成.胞外区含有4个Ig样结构域,2个二硫键(C41—C109和C143—C180)及3个N糖基化位点(N231,N263和N343).氨基酸序列比对表明山羊CD4与绵羊CD4的氨基酸相似性为98%,与猪、人、兔、狗、猫、蝙蝠以及小鼠的氨基酸相似性分别为81%,74%,73%,72%,70%,70%和66%.系统发育树表明山羊CD4与绵羊和猪的CD4蛋白聚成一支,表明它们有较近的亲缘关系,其中山羊与绵羊的亲缘关系最近,而与狗、蝙蝠、兔、人和小鼠的亲缘关系相对较远.实时荧光定量PCR分析发现,CD4在山羊淋巴中的表达量最高,在睾丸中表达量较低,表明山羊CD4是一种免疫分子.     

梨磷脂酰胆碱转移蛋白基因的克隆及其表达分析

据转录组测序结果,结合RACE(cDNA末端快速扩增技术)和Genome walking(染色体步移技术)获得了梨磷脂酰胆碱转移蛋白基因的完整读码框序列,其开放阅读框长为1 323 bp,编码的440个氨基酸序列与葡萄磷脂酰胆碱转移蛋白质的同源相似性达73%,其具有START domain(启动域)、ZnF_TAZ(TAZ锌指结构)、DCD(双氰胺)保守结构域,将梨磷脂酰胆碱转移蛋白基因命名为PePCTP1。PePCTP1基因与GFP融合,构建植物表达载体,洋葱表皮亚细胞定位观察结果显示,PePCTP1基因编码的蛋白质分布在细胞膜上。用激素生长素(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、水杨酸(SA)、赤霉素(GA)、细胞分裂素(6-BA)及NaCl诱导处理,发现与对照(CK)相比,SA和GA处理后PePCTP1基因表达量显著上升;NaCl和IAA处理后PePCTP1基因的表达量随时间逐渐上升;而ABA和6-BA处理不能增加目的基因的表达量。据此推测PePCTP1可能参与梨的逆境胁迫抗性反应。     

浅论新时期农业科研院所反腐倡廉制度建设

该文在给出农业科研院所反腐倡廉制度建设的内涵和定位的基础上,分析了现阶段制度建设存在的共性问题,并结合现代科研院所建设的总体要求,探索并提出新时期农业科研院所反腐倡廉制度建设的一些可操作性对策建议。     

In vivo characterization of inflammatory biomarkers in swine and the impact of flunixin meglumine administration

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are a family of chemicals that function to reduce pain, fever, and inflammation, and they are commonly used in people and animals for this purpose. Currently there are no NSAIDs approved for the management of inflammation in swine due to a lack of validated animal models and suitable biomarkers to assess efficacy. A previous in vitro study examining biomarkers of inflammation identified fourteen genes that were significantly altered in response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. In the present study, five of those fourteen genes were tested in vivo to determine if the same effects observed in vitro were also observed in vivo. Plasma levels of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), an essential mediator of fever and inflammation, were also determined. Two groups of swine were stimulated with LPS with the second group also treated with flunixin meglumine. Blood was collected at 0, 1, 3, 6, 8, 24, and 48h post LPS-stimulation. The RNA was extracted from the blood and quantitative real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR) was utilized to determine the expression patterns of CD1, CD4, serum amyloid A2 (SAA2), Caspase 1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). The LPS-stimulated animals demonstrated a statistically significant alteration in expression of SAA2 and CD1 at 3h post-stimulation. Flunixin meglumine treated animals' demonstrated reduced expression of CD1 in comparison to the LPS-stimulated swine at 24 and 48h post LPS-stimulation. Flunixin meglumine treated animals exhibited reduced expression of SAA2 at 48h post-stimulation compared to LPS-stimulated swine. Swine treated with LPS demonstrated statistically significant increases in plasma PGE(2) at 1h post-stimulation. Swine treated with flunixin meglumine had no increase in plasma PGE(2) levels at any time. These results demonstrate that PGE(2) production, along with two out of five genes (SAA2 and CD1) have the potential to serve as early biomarkers of inflammation as well as indicators of NSAID efficacy.     

Evaluation of two cocktails containing ESAT-6, CFP-10 and Rv-3615c in the intradermal test and the interferon-γ assay for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis

The intradermal tuberculin tests and the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) assay are the principal tests used worldwide for the ante-mortem diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. The conventional reagent currently in use in these tests is purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin obtained from Mycobacterium bovis culture. The components of PPD are poorly characterized and difficult to standardize. To overcome this issue, antigens specific to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are being studied. Here we have assessed the biological potency of ESAT-6, CFP-10 and Rv-3615c presented as peptide or recombinant protein cocktails in comparison with the standard bovine PPD used routinely in Spanish eradication campaigns. The study was performed in cattle (n=23) from a herd with natural M. bovis infection. Animals were simultaneously injected with PPD and the peptide and protein cocktails. The percentages of cattle reacting positively to single intradermal test were 60.9% (bovine PPD), 47.8% (peptide cocktail) and 60.9% (protein cocktail), with no significant difference between the actual skin fold thickness increases (p>0.05). The IFN-γ assay detected 60.9% of animals when stimulation was performed with bovine PPD, but decreased to 52.2% when stimulation was performed with the peptide cocktail and to 47.8% when stimulation was performed with the protein cocktail. However, no significant differences were found between IFN-γ responder frequencies (p>0.05). These results show a potential use of these defined reagents for in vivo tuberculosis diagnosis.     

Deep planting with shelters improves performance of different stocktype sizes under arid Mediterranean conditions

New Forests - Increasing plant size has been considered a way to improve survival and growth of planted containerized stock under dry conditions. Additionally, deep planting provides advantages to...     

甜菊全生育期含甙量变化调查

试验结果表明,两个高RA型甜菊品种的含甙总量（TSG）和RA含量占TSG含量比重总趋势是均随着田间植株生长而递增,ST含量占TSG含量比重总趋势则是随田间植株生长而递减。守田3号TSG含量在80d时达最高,RA含量占TSG含量比重在130d时（现蕾期）达最高,ST含量占TSG含量比重在100d时降至最低。谱星1号TSG含量也在80d时达最高,RA含量占TSG含量比重、ST含量占TSG含量比重在100d时升至最高和降至最低。试验结果对于选择最佳收获期意义重大。     

北马兜铃营养生长期过氧化物酶同工酶分析

用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳技术对北马兜铃营养生长期根、幼茎、老茎、叶柄、未展开幼叶、展开幼叶和成熟叶的过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶进行了分析。结果表明:北马兜铃营养生长期7个组织器官共有10条POD酶带,其POD同工酶具有组织特异性,其中未展开幼叶的POD同工酶酶带丰富、活性较强、含量较高,是POD同工酶分析最好的材料,而成熟叶片由于POD酶种类太少,最不适合作POD同工酶分析。     

复方苦芩对犬细小病毒致肠黏膜细胞凋亡及相关基因表达的影响

将犬分为空白对照组、模型组、复方苦芩预防组、复方苦芩治疗组,用犬细小病毒接种建立动物模型,复方苦芩防治犬细小病毒病,然后取样,光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察十二指肠黏膜细胞的病变和细胞凋亡,逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）法检测Bcl-2和Bax基因的mRNA表达。结果显示,与空白对照组比较,模型组犬十二指肠黏膜病变及炎细胞浸润,电镜下可见细胞收缩,核浓缩,深染,线粒体肿胀空化,细胞Bcl-2基因表达下调,Bax基因表达增加。与模型组相比,复方苦芩防治组肠黏膜病变轻,超微结构变化不明显,细胞Bax基因表达下调,Bcl-2基因表达上调。结果表明,复方苦芩可能是通过促进黏膜上皮细胞的增殖与恢复,调节Bcl-2,Bax基因表达,抑制犬细小病毒引起的十二指肠黏膜超微结构改变和细胞凋亡,而对细小病毒病犬的十二指肠组织结构起保护和促进恢复作用。