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Rocio Crespo H L Shivaprasad Franz Sommer Birgit Puschner 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2008,20(4):472-476
Monensin and vitamin E concentrations, as well as histopathology of skeletal muscles and myocardium, were evaluated in broad-breasted white turkeys kept in commercial facilities. Turkeys with knockdown syndrome had myopathy of skeletal muscles, but no lesions in the myocardium. Generally, concentration of monensin in serum was highest in turkeys diagnosed with knockdown syndrome given more than 90 mg/kg of monensin in the diet, followed by turkeys diagnosed with knockdown syndrome given <90 mg/kg of monensin in the diet, healthy turkeys fed a diet that contained <90 mg/kg of monensin, and finally healthy turkeys fed a diet free of monensin (not detectable). However, the concentration of monensin was highly variable within each group, and the median was lower than the average. Vitamin E concentrations in the livers varied from low-normal to below normal and were statistically higher in healthy turkeys fed a diet free of monensin than in the livers of birds from the 3 groups exposed to monensin. This suggests that the concentration of monensin in serum positively correlates to the severity of clinical signs and pathology and to the amount of monensin in the feed. Although the methodology developed to detect serum monensin concentrations is beneficial and accurate for case investigations, it is recommended that several samples from each flock be evaluated because of variation within a flock. The current study also suggests that monensin in the feed could induce lower concentrations of vitamin E in the liver of turkeys and can predispose the turkeys to knockdown syndrome. 相似文献
23.
Robles Esperanza Ramírez Pedro Elena González Ma. de Guadalupe Sáinz Ma. Martínez Blanca Durán Angel Elena Martínez Ma. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1999,113(1-4):217-226
Bacteriological and physico-chemical parameters of 265 samples from 39 brands sold in 5-gallon plastic and glass bottles and 2-5 L plastic containers were analyzed to determine the quality of bottled water distributed in Mexico City. Tests included fecal and total coliform counts, alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, calcium and magnesium concentrations, pH and conductivity. Correlation and cluster analyses and ANOVA were carried out, and a comparison made of the averages with the maximum permissible levels established in the Official Mexican Norms. Concerning the investigated parameters no differences (p > 0.05) between the brands were found. Physico-chemical parameters were studied and all the samples were within the permissible limits. Most samples taken from the 5-gallon containers exceeded the maximum bacteriological limits. It was concluded that the bacteriological quality of the brands studied was extremely variable. Appropriate sanitary measures, should be established to control this aspect. 相似文献
24.
Javier Prez‐Robles Ana Denisse Re‐Araujo Maricela Cortez‐García Fernando Díaz Leonardo Ibarra‐Castro Ivone Giffard‐Mena 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(1):198-208
Euryhaline fish, such as the Bullseye puffer Sphoeroides annulatus (Jenyns 1842), experience sudden salinity changes in their natural environment, which is more common than the exception, so they must adapt to survive and cope with extreme salt conditions. Therefore, Bullseye puffer juveniles were exposed to short‐term stress (39 hr) by fluctuating salinity conditions (41, 35, 29, 23, 17, 11, 5, 11, 17, 23, 29, 35, 41 psu) with a 3‐hr interval between each point at 26 ± 1ºC in a respirometer chamber and acclimation reservoirs. Responses to oxygen consumption rate (OCR: 23–35 mg O2 h–1 kg–1), ammonium excretion rate (AER: 1–1.85 mg NH4+ h?1 kg?1), oxygen‐nitrogen atomic ratio (O:N 17–30), osmoregulatory pattern (blood osmotic pressure from 342.4 to 332.8 mmol/kg) and changes in expression levels of Na+/K+‐ATPase in the gills (higher values at higher salinities) were measured. Although some signs of stress were detected below the iso‐osmotic point (11.4 psu), the puffer fish is a strong euryhaline fish that survives under these conditions. Nonetheless, it could recover when salinity returned to the initial acclimation point because Sphoeroides annulatus is able to live in a wide range of environments with wide natural salinity fluctuations; thus, a common practice in aquaculture has been to expose fish to low salinity for several reasons discussed in this study. This capacity reveals its high plasticity to saline adaptation from 41 to 5 psu an up from 5 to 41 psu, all in less than 2 days. 相似文献
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26.
Ruiz-García Y Romero-Cascales I Gil-Muñoz R Fernández-Fernández JI López-Roca JM Gómez-Plaza E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(5):1283-1290
Benzothiadiazole (BTH) and methyl jasmonate (MeJ) have been described as exogenous elicitors of some plant defense compounds, polyphenols among them. The objective of this study was to determine whether the application of BTH or MeJ to grape clusters at the beginning of the ripening process had any effect on the accumulation of the main flavonoid compounds in grapes (anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavanols) and the technological significance of these treatments in the resulting wines. The results obtained after a 2 year experiment indicated that both treatments increased the anthocyanin, flavonol, and proanthocyanidin content of grapes. The wines obtained from the treated grapes showed higher color intensity and total phenolic content than the wines made from control grapes. The exogenous application of these elicitors, as a complement to fungicide treatments, could be an interesting strategy for vine protection, increasing, at the same time, the phenolic content of the grapes and the resulting wines. 相似文献
27.
Robles Jimenez Lizbeth E. Ruiz Perez Jose A. Nicolas Di Lorenzo Chay Canul Alfonso J. Ramirez-Rivera Julio Cesar Villegas-Estrada Daniela Vargas-Bello-Pérez Einar Gonzalez-Ronquillo Manuel 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(3):1257-1267
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Currently for the reduction of methane (CH4) emissions are using fodder rich in condensed tannins, however, not yet known exactly how they act in the rumen... 相似文献
28.
Sánchez-Quezada Vanessa Campos-Vega Rocio Loarca-Piña Guadalupe 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2021,76(3):311-318
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Vegetal wastes are currently a source of pollution due to the excess of organic compounds in the environment. Seeds are the main by-product of the avocado industry... 相似文献
29.
Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez Carles Mengual Setefilla Quirós-Carmona Julio Fernández Juan Manuel Domínguez Juan Manuel Serrano-Caballero Juan Morgaz Rocio Navarrete-Calvo Rafael J. Gómez-Villamandos Maria del Mar Granados 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2019,46(2):226-235
Objective
To assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) and conduct a clinical laboratory evaluation of acetaminophen in Beagle and Galgo Español (GE) dogs.Study design
Prospective randomized experimental trial.Animals
A total of 20 healthy dogs – 10 Beagles and 10 GE (six males and four females in both groups).Methods
Acetaminophen (10 and 20 mg kg–1) was administered intravenously (IV) to the dogs on two different occasions. Plasma concentrations were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. PK analysis was undertaken using compartmental modelling with ADAPT 5 software. Simulations after multiple IV doses were investigated. Clinical laboratory values such as red blood cell (RBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (Ht), white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count, total proteins, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase, urea and creatinine were measured before and 24 hours after acetaminophen administration in combination with clinical examination to assess side effects resulting from the drug.Results
A two-compartmental model best described time–concentration profiles of acetaminophen. PK parameters were different as a result of a breed effect. For doses of 10 and 20 mg kg–1, respectively, clearance values were 1.70 (1.15–2.27) and 1.62 (1.06–2.86) L kg–1 hour–1 for Beagles and 1.18 (0.70–1.39) and 1.08 (0.67–1.35) L kg–1 hour–1 for GE; elimination half-life values were 2.64 (0.52–4.46) and 2.86 (0.87–4.63) hours for Beagles and 3.49 (1.89–7.80) and 4.57 (2.08–8.90) hours for GE. Significant differences were also found between GE and Beagles in the RBC count, Ht, Hb, WBC count and serum ALT before drug administration, and these differences were maintained 24 hours later, independent of the dosage used. For each breed, no side effects resulting from IV acetaminophen administration were observed at doses of either 10 or 20 mg kg–1.Conclusions and clinical relevance
IV PK of acetaminophen was different between Beagles and GE dogs. Side effects were not detected. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the PK in a clinical context. 相似文献30.
Francisco Artés-Hernández Pedro A. Robles Perla A. Gómez Alejandro Tomás-Callejas Francisco Artés 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2010,55(2):114-120
The effects of four pre-packaging UV-C illumination doses (1.6, 2.8, 4.8 and 7.2 kJ m?2) on quality changes of watermelon cubes stored up to 11 days at 5 °C were studied. Non-treated cubes were used as a control. Higher UV-C doses induced slightly higher CO2 production throughout the storage period, while no changes in C2H4 production were monitored. However, UV-C did not significantly affect the final gas partial pressures within modified atmosphere packages where levels of 3–6 kPa O2 and 13–17 kPa CO2 were reached for all treatments. UV-C decreased microbial counts just after illumination. After 11 days at 5 °C, mesophilic, psycrophilic and enterobacteria populations were significantly lower in UV-C treated watermelon. Slight changes in CIE colour parameters were observed. According to sensory quality attributes, control and low UV-C treated cubes (1.6 and 2.8 kJ m?2) can be stored for up to 11 days at 5 °C while the maximum shelf-life of moderate to high UV-C treated fruit was 8 days at 5 °C. Control cubes showed a 16% decrease in lycopene content after 11 days at 5 °C similar to that found for the high UV-C treatment. However low UV-C treated watermelon cubes preserved their initial lycopene content (2.8 kJ m?2) or it was slightly decreased (1.6 kJ m?2). UV-C radiation did not significantly affect the vitamin C content while catalase activity and total polyphenols content considerably declined throughout the storage period. However, total antioxidant capacity markedly increased, independently of UV-C doses. As a main conclusion, UV-C radiation can be considered a promising tool for keeping overall quality of fresh-cut watermelon. 相似文献