木槿药学研究概况

在广泛检索文献的基础上,综述了木槿的成分、药理及临床应用,为木槿的深入开发利用提供参考依据。     

锥—46抑制[^3H]次黄嘌呤掺入伊氏锥虫核酸的研究

用液体闪烁计数法对锥—46的抗锥虫作用的机理做了初步研究。发现T-46与Berenil很相似,均可显著抑制[~3H]次黄嘌呤掺入伊氏锥虫,抑制作用与浓度及时间呈正相关。T-46和Berenil对DNA合成的IC_(60)分别为1.33和1.73μg·ml~(-1)。本实验还提示T-46抗锥虫作用可能与损伤DNA模板有关。     

组学技术分析肉鸡胚胎发育过程中肝脏蛋白表达的变化

旨在探讨肉鸡胚胎在发育中后期肝脏蛋白水平的变化。本试验选取120枚重量为（65±0.2）g的罗氏308肉鸡种蛋,分为14胚龄（E14）和出壳1日龄（H1）两组,每组3个重复,每个重复20枚种蛋。孵化至E14胚龄和H1日龄时,采集肝脏组织样本,应用相对和绝对定量的等量异位标签（isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation,iTRAQ）结合生物信息学分析技术筛选核心差异蛋白。结果显示,在E14和H1日龄之间共筛选出10个核心差异蛋白,主要促进脂肪酸降解（上调ACOX1、ACSL1、ACSL5、CPT1A和ECI2）和糖异生（上调ALDH3A2、FBP1、FBP2、GPI和PGM2,下调LDHB和ALDH9A1）。试验结果提示,胚胎发育的主要能量供给途径是脂肪酸降解,而不是糖酵解。此外,糖异生增多,促进糖原储存以应对出壳以及营养环境变化。     

Context‐dependent responses of food‐hoarding to competitors in Apodemus peninsulae: implications for coexistence among asymmetrical species

Superior species may have distinct advantages over subordinates within asymmetrical interactions among sympatric animals. However, exactly how the subordinate species coexists with superior species is unknown. In the forests west of Beijing City, intense asymmetrical interactions of food competition exist among granivorous rodents (e.g. Apodemus peninsulae, Niviventer confucianus, Sciurotamias davidianus and Tscherskia triton) that have broadly overlapping habitats and diets but have varied body size (range 15–300 g), hoarding habits (scatter vs larder) and/or daily rhythm (diurnal vs nocturnal). The smallest rodent, A. peninsulae, which typically faces high competitive pressure from larger rodents, is an ideal model to explore how subordinate species coexist with superior species. Under semi‐natural enclosure conditions, we tested responses of seed‐hoarding behavior in A. peninsulae to intraspecific and interspecific competitors in the situations of pre‐competition (without competitor), competition (with competitor) and post‐competition (competitor removed). The results showed that for A. peninsulae, the intensity of larder‐hoarding increased and the intensity of scatter‐hoarding declined in the presence of intraspecifics and S. davidianus, whereas A. peninsulae ceased foraging and hoarding in the presence of N. confucianus and T. triton. A. peninsulae reduced intensity of hoarding outside the nest and moved more seeds into the nest for larder‐hoarding under competition from intraspecific individuals and S. davidianus. In most cases, the experimental animals could recover to their original state of pre‐competition when competitors were removed. These results suggest that subordinate species contextually regulate their food‐hoarding strategies according to different competitors, promoting species coexistence among sympatric animals that have asymmetrical food competition.     

红豆草茬地放牧对湖羊和小尾寒羊生长性能、瘤胃内环境参数及微生物区系的影响

本试验以空怀期湖羊和小尾寒羊为研究对象,分析在红豆草茬地放牧条件下其生长性能、瘤胃内环境参数及瘤胃微生物区系之间的差异,以期为不同品种放牧绵羊对红豆草茬地的响应情况积累数据,进而为陇中地区草地生产系统的科学管理提供技术支持。选择年龄一致、体况良好的空怀期湖羊[平均体重（31.95±1.60） kg]和小尾寒羊[平均体重（27.38±2.84） kg]各24只为试验动物,于红豆草二茬草地进行为期45 d的混群放牧试验,试验期间测定动物体重并采集瘤胃液用于瘤胃内环境参数和瘤胃微生物区系分析。结果表明：1）湖羊组始重和末重显著高于小尾寒羊组（P<0.05）,但平均日增重和体重增长率显著低于小尾寒羊组（P<0.05）。2）小尾寒羊组瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著高于湖羊组（P<0.05）。3）小尾寒羊组瘤胃微生物Shannon指数显著高于湖羊组（P<0.05）,Simpson指数显著低于湖羊组（P<0.05）。4）在门水平上,湖羊组的优势菌门依次为变形菌门（58.81%）、拟杆菌门（17.21%）和厚壁菌门（16.09%）,而小尾寒羊组的优势菌门依次为厚壁菌门（36....     

间接ELISA检测抗禽白血病病毒抗体方法的建立

禽白血病病毒(Avian leukosis virus,ALV)是禽白血病的病原,可引起鸡的免疫抑制和肿瘤。净化种鸡群是控制ALV的主要方法之一。本研究将ALV的p27基因克隆到表达载体pGEX-6P-1,在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达,以纯化后的p27-GST融合蛋白为抗原包被,经过条件优化,建立了检测鸡血清中抗ALV抗体的间接ELISA方法。与IFA检测结果比较,该方法比IDEXX ELISA试剂盒有更高的符合率。可用于禽白血病病毒感染根除的大规模检测,并具有低成本、易操作的特点,能同时检测到针对ALV所有亚群的抗体。     

用两个育虫箱养强群技术的研究

本研究根据多箱体养蜂的原理,结合我国一般蜂场既生产蜂蜜又生产蜂王浆的具体特点,设计常年用两个箱体供蜂群生活、育儿和贮存饲料,流蜜期再加箱体专供蜂群贮放蜂蜜。结果表明,用两个育虫箱养蜂,比用一个育虫箱容易培养和保持强群;流蜜期用加贮蜜继箱的方法代替勤取蜜,不仅减少了取蜜次数,而且能提高蜂蜜的浓度和产量,同时蜂王浆生产照常进行,产浆量不受影响。     

Research Progress of Effect of Oxidative Stress on Broiler and its Mitigation Technology

Oxidative stress is ubiquitous in livestock and poultry production.When the body is in the situation of harmful stimulation in vitro or in vivo,the oxidation system and antioxidant system are in a state of imbalance,leading to metabolic disorders,which depresses the growth and development of animals,decreases disease resistance and quality of livestock products seriously,and has a negative impact on the production and health of livestock and poultry.So it is important to find an effective measure to alleviate the health of livestock and poultry.Lipoic acid,tea polyphenol,VE and other antioxidants play significant roles in reducing oxidative stress.In this paper,the effects of oxidative stress on broiler and mitigation technology research were outlined.     

中国苜蓿属植物与新疆苜蓿种质资源的优势

作者调查了中国苜蓿属植物的种类与地理分布情况，查阅和收集大量的植物标本，并进行野外实地考察，对每个种的地理分布进行描述，并着重探讨新疆苜蓿属植物的资源优势，以期为今后苜蓿新品种培育提供种质资源方面的科学依据。     

尼帕病毒流行病学研究进展

尼帕病是由副黏病毒科中的尼帕病毒引起的新型烈性人畜共患传染病,其严重威胁人类与猪等动物的健康。作者就尼帕病毒的病原学特征、流行病学和临床症状等进行了概述,以期初步了解尼帕病毒。