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51.
Maintaining genetic diversity and inbreeding control are important in Japanese Black cattle production, especially in remote areas such as the islands of Okinawa Prefecture. Using a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, we evaluated the genetic diversity and genomic inbreeding in Japanese Black cows from the islands of Okinawa Prefecture and compared them to those from other locations across Japan. Linkage disequilibrium decay was slower in cows in the islands of Okinawa Prefecture. The estimated effective population size declined over time in both populations. The genomic inbreeding coefficient (FROH) was estimated using long stretches of consecutive homozygous SNPs (runs of homozygosity; ROH). FROH was higher in the cows on the islands of Okinawa Prefecture than on other locations. In total, 818 ROH fragments, including those containing NCAPG and PLAG1, which are major quantitative trait loci for carcass weight in Japanese Black cattle, were present at significantly higher frequencies in cows in the islands of Okinawa Prefecture. This suggests that the ROH fragments are under strong selection and that cows in the islands of Okinawa Prefecture have low genetic diversity and high genomic inbreeding relative to those at other locations. SNP arrays are useful tools for evaluating genetic diversity and genomic inbreeding in cattle. 相似文献
52.
Kenjiro FUKUSHIMA Reina FUJIWARA Kie YAMAMOTO Hideyuki KANEMOTO Koichi OHNO Masaya TSUBOI Kazuyuki UCHIDA Naoaki MATSUKI Ryohei NISHIMURA Hajime TSUJIMOTO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(12):1549-1553
Little information is available regarding triple-phase computed tomography (CT) of canine
pancreatic insulinoma. A few case reports with small numbers of cases have indicated that
hyper-attenuation in the arterial phase was a common finding on multi-phasic CT in dogs
with insulinoma. Our purpose was to clarify the characteristic findings of dogs with
insulinoma on triple-phase CT. Nine dogs with insulinoma that underwent triple-phase CT
were included in the present study. Attenuation patterns in the arterial phase indicated
hypo-attenuation in 4 cases and hyper-attenuation in 2 cases. In the remaining 3 cases, 1
case showed hypo-attenuation and 1 case showed hyper-attenuation in the pancreatic phase,
and 1 case presented hyper-attenuation in the later phase. Altogether, 5 cases showed hypo
and 4 cases showed hyper-attenuation in at least one phase. The enhancement pattern was
homogenous in 7 cases and heterogeneous in 2 cases. Tumor margins were well-defined in 5
cases and ill-defined in 4 cases. Capsule formation was present in 5 cases and absent in 4
cases. In conclusion, it is important to note that hypo-attenuation was as common as
hyper-attenuation in dogs with insulinoma in triple-phase CT in at least one phase.
Additionally, mass lesions were most conspicuous not only in the arterial phase but in the
pancreatic and later phases in some cases. Therefore, it is important to perform
triple-phase CT and notice about variable findings for the detection of canine pancreatic
insulinoma. 相似文献
53.
Takafumi WATANABE Kei NISHIMURA Ryoko TAKEUCHI Yoh-ichi KOYAMA Masashi KUSUBATA Kazushige TAKEHANA Kohzy HIRAMATSU 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1413-1417
Skeletal muscle is mainly composed of myofibers and intramuscular connective
tissue. Bundles composed of many myofibers, with each myofiber sheathed in connective
tissue called the endomysium, are packed in the perimysium, which occupies the vast bulk
of the intramuscular connective tissue. The perimysium is a major determination factor for
muscle texture. Some studies have reported that collagen peptide (Col-Pep) ingestion
improves the connective tissue architecture, such as the tendon and dermis. The present
study evaluated the effects of Col-Pep ingestion on the chicken iliotibialis lateralis
(ITL) muscle. Chicks were allocated to three groups: the 0.15% or 0.3% Col-Pep groups and
a control group. Col-Pep was administered by mixing in with commercial food. On day 49,
the ITL muscles were analyzed by morphological observation and the textural property test.
The width of the perimysium in the 0.3% Col-Pep group was significantly larger than other
two groups. Although scanning electron microscopic observations did not reveal any
differences in the architecture of the endomysium, elastic improvement of the ITL muscle
was observed as suggested by an increase of the width of perimysium and improved
rheological properties. Our results indicate that ingestion of Col-Pep improves the
textural property of ITL muscle of chickens by changing structure of the perimysium. 相似文献
54.
Kosei SAKAI James Ken CHAMBERS Kazuyuki UCHIDA Takayuki NAKAGAWA Ryohei NISHIMURA Tomohiro YONEZAWA Shingo MAEDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(3):370
Copy number gain (CNG) and/or protein overexpression of ErbB2 have been observed in human breast cancer patients and are associated with poor prognosis. Similarly, ErbB2 overexpression has also been observed in canine mammary carcinoma; however, data on ErbB2 copy number is limited. The purposes of this study were to evaluate ErbB2 copy number in dogs with mammary carcinoma and to investigate associations of ErbB2 CNG with ErbB2 expression, histological and clinical characteristics, and survival. DNA samples were isolated from 59 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded canine mammary gland tissues (34 carcinoma, 14 adenoma, and 11 normal). Using a digital PCR assay, the ErbB2 copy number in these samples was determined as compared to a reference gene on canine chromosome 8. ErbB2 CNG was detected in 14/34 (41%) carcinomas and 2/14 (14%) adenomas. ErbB2 overexpression was observed in 3/34 (9%) carcinomas but not in adenomas. Neither ErbB2 CNG nor ErbB2 overexpression were detected in the normal controls. There was no significant association of the ErbB2 CNG with histological and clinical characteristics such as age, neutered status, histological grade, tumor size, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and clinical stage in the dogs with mammary carcinoma. The presence of ErbB2 CNG, but not ErbB2 overexpression, was significantly related to the shorter overall survival. These findings suggest that ErbB2 CNG is a prognostic factor in dogs with mammary carcinoma. 相似文献
55.
Reale F Parenti S Reeves KK Weber M Bobra MG Barbera M Kano R Narukage N Shimojo M Sakao T Peres G Golub L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5856):1582-1585
The determination of the fine thermal structure of the solar corona is fundamental to constraining the coronal heating mechanisms. The Hinode X-ray Telescope collected images of the solar corona in different passbands, thus providing temperature diagnostics through energy ratios. By combining different filters to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio, we observed a coronal active region in five filters, revealing a highly thermally structured corona: very fine structures in the core of the region and on a larger scale further away. We observed continuous thermal distribution along the coronal loops, as well as entangled structures, and variations of thermal structuring along the line of sight. 相似文献
56.
Shotaro NISHIMURA Ayano SAGARA Akifumi TESHIMA Shoji TABATA 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(6):759-763
The difference in collagen fiber content, morphological properties and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) distribution was investigated in the liver of both sexes in chicken. Collagen fiber specimens were obtained by maceration treatment with NaOH solution. HSCs were detected using desmin‐specific immunohistochemistry. The ratio of liver weight to body weight was larger in the female than the male chickens. Collagen fiber content, the numerical density of HSCs and the percentage area displaying desmin immunopositivity were not different between the right and left lobes of the liver, in both male and female chickens. However, all of these parameters were larger in the males than the females. In the light microscopic observation, many HSCs in the male had large and elongated cytoplasmic processes. Conversely, HSCs with poorly developed cytoplasmic processes were frequently observed in females. Liver tissue is structurally stronger in male chickens than females and the activity and density of HSCs may be related to the collagen fiber content in chicken liver. 相似文献
57.
Takanori NISHIMURA Suhong FANG Jun-ichi WAKAMATSU Koui TAKAHASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(1):85-90
We studied the relationships between the shear-force value and physical and structural properties of the intramuscular connective tissue (IMCT) in six classes of porcine skeletal muscle to elucidate the contribution of IMCT to toughness of raw pork. The shear-force value of raw pork correlated significantly with that of the IMCT model prepared from each class of skeletal muscle ( P < 0.05). The correlation suggested that the variable toughness of pork was caused by the mechanical strength of the endomysium and perimysium. The thickness of the secondary perimysium correlated significantly with the shear-force value of raw pork ( P < 0.05) and with that of the IMCT model ( P < 0.05). The shear-force value of raw pork correlated significantly with the total amount of collagen ( P < 0.05) but not with the heat-solubility of collagen. We concluded therefore that the thickness of the secondary perimysium determines the mechanical strength of IMCT and contributes to toughness in raw pork. 相似文献
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