土壤湿度对东亚小花蝽越冬存活率的影响

１９９１～１９９３年在北京对东亚小花蝽的越冬进行了研究。结果表明：东亚小花蝽以交配或未交配的雌成虫越冬。越冬场所的土壤湿度影响小花蝽的存活率。３月中旬检查，室外自然条件下，越冬存活率为７．７４％。在控制土壤含水量（４％、１２％和２０％）的条件下，越冬存活率随土壤水分的增加而递增，水分２０％时存活率最高，平均为８１．１１％。３月中旬气温回升后将越冬小花蝽雌成虫移入７℃的冰箱，贮存至５月上旬，存活率为５５％，而自然条件下小花蝽已全部死亡     

Evidence for the transmission of scrapie to sheep and goats from a vaccine against Mycoplasma agalactiae

An accidental infection from a vaccine was suggested as the explanation for the sudden increase in outbreaks of scrapie in Italy in 1997 and 1998. This paper describes a recent outbreak of scrapie in sheep and goats which were exposed to the same vaccine. No ewes or goats had been imported into the herd since 1992, but a vaccine against Mycoplasma agalactiae had been administered twice, in 1995 and 1997. High rates of crude mortality and scrapie incidence were experienced by both species, all birth cohorts were involved and a large proportion of aged animals was affected. A pattern of brain lesions was observed, with slight differences between the sheep and goats, which was very similar to the pattern observed in animals previously exposed to the same vaccine but clearly different from that observed in the brains of sheep with scrapie in a flock not exposed to the vaccine. Regardless of their exposure status, genotype analysis of the sheep showed the presence of polymorphism only at codon 171. The patterns of both incidence and brain lesions provide evidence that the epidemic of scrapie was due to the use of the vaccine.     

苦马豆素人工抗原免疫山羊的安全性试验

试验通过分析疯草毒素人工抗原(疫苗)SW BSA免疫山羊时对机体肝功、肾功的影响,进行安全性评价。将30只羊随机分为对照组(6只)、免疫A组(12只)、免疫B组(12只),免疫组依次进行基础免疫、首免、加强免疫,每次免疫前进行采血,分析血清中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、尿素氮(BUN)、α苷露糖苷酶(AMA)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的变化,同时检测尿液中有无SW。结果表明,免疫组与对照组的血清GPT、GOT、BUN、AMA、AKP、LDH差异均不显著(P>0.05),尿液中未检查出SW。     

以豁眼鹅为母本的杂交试验研究初探——品种选择与杂交配套系建设

测定豁眼鹅、莱茵鹅、朗德鹅的品种优势、杂交组合的产蛋及仔鹅生长速度等生产性能,筛选出最佳组合,建立配套系。结果:莱豁鹅杂交组合的产蛋量低于豁眼鹅对照组,但比父系莱茵鹅有了明显提高;仔鹅的生长速度明显快于母系。朗豁鹅杂交组仔鹅生长速度较豁眼鹅对照组略有提高,但母鹅产蛋量则明显不如莱豁杂交组。     

兽用生物制品的运输、贮存与使用

对兽用生物制品的命名作了概述,并对免疫预防用制品、诊断用制品、治疗用制品的运输、贮存与使用分别进行了阐述,同时对改善我国兽用生物制品的监管提出了建议。     

猪瘟病毒的分离鉴定及其E2基因序列分析

2004~2005年上海和江苏3家猪场发生仔猪急性死亡,用ELISA鉴别试剂盒证明为猪瘟感染。用PK15细胞分离病毒,传代至第3代无细胞病变,RT-PCR扩增E2基因为阳性,扩增片段经纯化后克隆入T载体并进行序列测定。通过DNAStar软件对3株病毒的基因序列进行了比较,同时构建了系统进化树,结果表明,三株病毒分离株均扩增出269bp片段并且核苷酸序列100%同源,这3株与Alfort、Shimen株、兔化弱毒株(HCLV)和Brescia4个标准毒株核苷酸序列同源性均在90%以上,说明在江苏、上海地区分离得到的3株猪瘟病毒与流行毒株在基因序列上没有发生大的变异。     

桑黄子实体多糖提取条件的研究

通过单因子试验和正交试验，研究了桑黄（Phellinus igniarius）子实体多糖的提取条件。结果表明，热水浸提法提取桑黄子实体多糖的最佳条件为料水比1：30（W：V）。提取温度90℃，提取时间3h，乙醇终浓度80％。同时采用超声波法提取桑黄子实体多糖，其多糖得率为4．65％。     

重金属镉污染对蔬菜的影响及防治对策

从蔬菜中镉的来源、含量和蔬菜对重金属镉的累积特点,提出了镉污染蔬菜的防治对策,指出应根据不同程度土壤镉污染的状况,密切配合各项农艺措施的实施来种植不同品种的蔬菜.