新加坡高等教育改革新动向述评

面对知识经济的发展和亚洲各国的挑战,尤其是中国经济崛起所带来的变化,新加坡政府实施了一系列新的高等教育改革措施,其内容主要包括"大学自主"运动、"环球校园"计划等.这些改革措施,对我国当前的教育改革有较大的启示和借鉴作用.     

脱脂椰子种皮提取物抗氧化活性研究

以脱脂椰子种皮为试验材料,分别用异丙醇、正己烷和乙醚提取其中的酚类化合物,采用Folin-Ciocalteu比色法测定3种提取物的总酚含量,并对3种提取物的总抗氧化活性及对猪油的氧化稳定性进行评价.结果表明,正己烷提取物的总酚含量最高,其次是异丙醇提取物,乙醚提取物最低;异丙醇提取物的抗氧化能力最高,正己烷提取物和乙醚提取物次之.3种溶剂提取物对猪油的氧化均有一定的抑制作用,其中异丙醇提取物对猪油的氧化抑制效果最明显.     

几种小红栲变性淀粉的结构特性

目前世界上变性淀粉的年产量已经达到500万t左右,如美国为200万t以上,欧洲为90万t,日本在30万t以上;而我国在2000年变性淀粉的产量为35万t,仅为世界产量的7%,根本无法满足国内109万t以上的市场需求而每年都要从国外进口     

用地高辛标记的PCR－ELISA技术快速检测转基因鱼

取含有小鼠重金属螯合蛋白（mMT)基因启动子及人生长激素（hGH)基因的鱼样品，以Qiagene核酸纯化技术对鱼组织DNA进行纯化。常规PCR检测显示，mMT启动基因和hGH基因的PCR产物分别为240bp和130bp，与设计相符。PCR产物的核酸测序结果证实其扩增产物具特异性。地高辛-PCR（Dig-PCR)标记反应显示，2个基因均产生1条Dig标记的特异产物带。Dig-PCR-ELISA检测敏感性试验显示，对mMT启动子和hGH基因的检测敏感性可达10^-3，与常规PCR结合琼脂糖胶电泳检测方法相比，检测敏感性可提高至100-1000倍。试验证明，针对mMT和hGH基因所建立的Dig-PCR-ELISA技术特异可靠。     

水泡性口炎病毒2种血清型核衣壳蛋白的原核表达及生物信息学分析

用RT-PCR方法从水泡性口炎病毒(vsv)扩增印第安纳(Indiana)和新泽西(New Jersey)血清型核蛋白N基因,分别克隆至pMD20-T载体进行序列鉴定及生物信息学分析.构建重组表达质粒VSV-IN-pBCX和VSV-NJ-pB-CX,并经SDS-PAGE和Western-blot鉴定表明2种血清型病毒核衣壳蛋白N基因在BL21(DE3)宿主菌中成功表达,重组蛋白相对分子质量约为82 000,并能够与各自对应血清型阳性血清反应.这表明2个重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性,可作为用于建立水泡性口炎血清学诊断方法的诊断抗原.     

Effect of cimicifugoside H-1 on amino acid neurotransmitters in striatum of rats with cerebral ischemia

AIM: To study the neuroprotective effect of cimicifugoside H-1 and to explore the mechanism involved by determining the variation of amino acid neurotransmitters in extracellular fluid in the striatum of rats with cerebral ischemia. METHODS: The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, cerebral ischemia, high-, middle- and low-dose cimicifugoside H-1, and ginkgo groups. Focal cerebral ischemia model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with sutures. Normal saline was intraperitoneally injected into the rats in sham-operated group and cerebral ischemia group, while ginkgo and different doses of cimicifugoside H-1 were injected into the rats in ginkgo group and high-, middle- and low-dose cimicifugoside H-1 groups, respectively, once a day for 7 d. The striatal fluids were gained in vivo by brain microdialysis. The contents of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and γ-aminobutyric acid were tested by high-performance liquid chromatography electrochemical detector system. RESULTS: Compared with sham-operated group, the contents of excitatory amino acids (aspartic acid and glutamic acid) were significantly increased 2 h after cerebral ischemia (P<0.05). Compared with cerebral ischemia group, the contents of aspartic acid and glutamic acid were significantly decreased 2 h after cerebral ischemia in high-dose cimicifugoside H-1 and ginkgo groups (P<0.05). Compared with cerebral ischemia group, the contents of aspartic acid and glutamic acid did not show significant decrease 2 h after cerebral ischemia in middle- and low-dose cimicifugoside H-1 groups. Compared with sham-operated group, the contents of inhibitory amino acid (γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine) were significantly decreased 3 h after cerebral ischemia in cerebral ischemia group (P<0.05). Compared with cerebral ischemia group, the contents of γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine were significantly increased 3 h after cerebral ischemia in high-dose cimicifugoside H-1 and ginkgo groups (P<0.05). Compared with cerebral ischemia group, the contents of γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine did not show significant decrease 3 h after cerebral ischemia in middle- and low-dose cimicifugoside H-1 groups. CONCLUSION: Cimicifugoside H-1 restrains the excessive releases of excitatory amino acids and increases the contents of inhibitory amino acids during cerebral ischemia. It doesn't only penetrate through the blood brain barrier, but also regulates the disorder of excitatory amino acid during cerebral ischemia, thus showing the protective function to cerebral neuron during cerebral ischemia.     

苦瓜核糖体失活蛋白MAP30的原核表达与抗体制备

苦瓜核糖体失活蛋白MAP30(Momordica charantia antiviral protein 30)是苦瓜中一种具有抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗菌等多种生物活性的蛋白质.将舍有重组表达质粒pET-28(a)-MAP30的大肠杆菌BL21进行诱导表达获得了重组蛋白MAP30,对IPTG(异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷)诱导浓度、诱导时间表达条件的分析表明,工程菌经0.2mmol·L~(-1) IPTG诱导6 h实现高效可溶性表达.利用镍离子鏊合亲和层析对重组蛋白纯化,当洗脱液中咪唑的浓度为100 mmol·L~(-1)时,目的蛋白被洗脱的效果最好.将纯化后的重组蛋白免疫家兔,获得了特异性的多克隆抗血清.     

实验性鸡大肠杆菌病的免疫组化检测

用致病性大肠杆菌 O1 8分离株和 /或低致病性禽流感病毒 (Mildly pathogenic avian influenza virus,MPAIV)接种 1 0～ 1 2日龄 SPF鸡 ,细菌接种后 1～ 96h对试验鸡的气管、肺、气囊、胸腺、法氏囊、脾脏、肝脏和肾脏的石蜡切片进行间接酶标抗体染色 ,发现大肠杆菌接种组、混合接种组的气管、肺在接种后 1 h可检测到细菌抗原 ,混合接种组检测到的细菌更多 ,存在时间更长。结果表明 :气管、肺和气囊是鸡大肠杆菌定居的场所 ;MPAIV可延长细菌在气管、肺和气囊中定居的时间 ,使鸡大肠杆菌病进一步加重     

天津地区保护地常用茄子嫁接栽培技术及茬口安排

总结了适宜天津周边地区保护地茄子嫁接生产的栽培方法、砧木及接穗的选择种类,提出了保护地茄子嫁接的常见问题及其解决方法,并针对目前天津地区保护地蔬菜栽培的种植习惯和要求,介绍了合理的种植茬口安排。     

外来入侵杂草宽叶酢浆草的研究进展

宽叶酢浆草(Oxalis latifolia)在全球分布广泛,且危害多种农作物,2007年中国将其列入进境植物检疫性有害生物名录.目前,在中国仅发生于云南省,但其适生性强,定殖和传播扩散的风险极高.本文就宽叶酢浆草的生物学特性、发生分布和危害以及防控措施等相关研究进行综述,为制定有效的防控措施提供参考.