Unilateral Nephrectomy in a Juvenile Llama

Objective —The purpose of this study was to decribe the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and surgical management of a llama with an ectopic ureter.
Animals or Sample Population —Nine-month-old female llama.
Results —The diagnostic evaluation included the use of computed tomography and an excretory ureterogram to confirm and identify the location of the ectopic ureter. Surgical management involved a unilateral nephrectomy.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance —Computed tomography is a valuable asset to diagnose the presence and terminal location of an ectopic ureter in llamas, and nephrectomy appears to be a viable procedure to resolve the subsequent urinary incontinence.     

Teaching veterinary parasitology throughout the world

In order to understand how the teaching of parasitology in veterinary schools and faculties in the world is carried out, a questionnaire was sent to all centres listed in the W.H.O. World Directory. A total of 91 replies were received. Additional information was obtained from the report of a symposium held in Hannover, Germany in 1978 and from the Education Committee of the American Association of Veterinary Parasitologists in 1981. The academic level, the place of parasitology in the veterinary curriculum, textbooks and practical instruction, evaluation techniques, teaching staff, institute organization and publications are discussed.     

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征的研究进展

从近二年来已经发表或即将发表的文献来看,猪繁殖和呼吸综合征的研究已经取得了一些极为显著的进展。     

Endometrial nitric oxide synthase activity in mares susceptible or resistant to persistent breeding‐induced endometritis and the effect of a specific iNOS inhibitor in vitro

Emerging research suggests that the nitric oxide system may play a role in persistent breeding‐induced endometritis (PBIE) in the mare. Differences in uterine nitric oxide (NO) levels between mares susceptible or resistant to PBIE and a dose‐dependent inhibitory effect of NO on uterine contractility have been demonstrated. The objectives of this study were to investigate the difference in total nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity of the endometrium between susceptible and resistant mares and the effect of a specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor on the endometrial NOS activity in vitro. Six susceptible and six resistant mares were selected based on preset criteria and the results of an intrauterine challenge with killed spermatozoa during oestrus. Endometrial biopsy samples were collected 24 hr post‐challenge and cultured at 37°C for 24 hr in L‐arginine supplemented minimum essential medium with or without a specific iNOS inhibitor (1,400 W dihydrochloride, 1 mM). The medium and the cultured endometrial tissue were collected after 24 hr of culture and assayed for NO and total protein, respectively. Total NO content of the medium, normalized to endometrial tissue wet weight or total protein, was used as a measure of endometrial NOS activity. Non‐parametric tests were applied for statistical analysis. Susceptible mares had significantly greater endometrial NOS activity than resistant mares. The iNOS inhibitor treatment significantly reduced NOS activity in endometrial samples derived from susceptible and resistant mares. These findings provide a basis for in vivo testing of specific iNOS inhibitors as preventative or therapeutic options for PBIE in mares.     

红莲型细胞质雄性不育恢复系特青和珍汕97的恢复性遗传分析

以花粉育性和小穗育性为指标 ,对红莲型细胞质雄性不育系丛广 4 1 A、恢复系特青以及丛广 4 1 A/特青的 F1 、F2 ,丛广 4 1 A∥丛广 4 1 B/特青的三交 F1 等亲本和杂种群体的育性调查分析结果表明 :特青具有 1个主效的显性恢复基因 ,该基因暂命名为 Rf-5(t) ;对红莲型细胞质雄性不育系丛广 4 1 A、恢复系珍汕 97以及丛广 4 1 A/珍汕 97的 F1 、F2 ,丛广 4 1 A∥丛广 4 1 B/珍汕 97的三交 F1 等亲本和杂种群体的育性调查分析结果表明 :在红莲型细胞质雄性不育和恢复性上 ,这 2个亲本之间可能有两类基因 ,其中一类控制着圆败型花粉 ,另一类控制着典败型花粉 ;对丛广 4 1 A∥珍汕 97/特青三交 F1 的育性调查分析结果表明 :珍汕 97具有一个与 Rf-5(t)等位的恢复基因     

黄土高原丘陵沟壑区放牧林草地土壤团聚体性质研究

通过放牧试验的方法,研究土壤团聚体含量和破坏率,以探讨不同放牧强度、不同放牧畜种、不同放牧植被类型条件下表土的团聚体(＞ 0.25 mm)含量和破坏率.结果表明:放牧强度对土壤性质有影响,重度放牧下土壤团聚体含量最小;从畜牧羊种选择来看,绵羊相对于山羊来说对土壤结构破坏较小,土壤中团聚体含量较高;对于不同植被类型,放牧...     

沿海防护林主要病虫害发生原因及防治对策

本文对日照沿海防护林17种主要病虫害发生原因进行了全面分析，提出了相应的防治对策。     

优质杂交粳稻新组合申优 27 的选育

对优质杂交粳稻新组合申优27的选育经过、产量表现、主要特征特性、栽培和制种技术进行了介绍。建立了杂交粳稻"双亲双优、抗性互补"育种技术,有效解决了优质和抗性的协调统一问题。     

荷叶总生物碱降脂减肥作用的体内外试验

通过体内、体外试验探究荷叶总生物碱的降脂减肥作用.给予高脂血症大鼠模型组不同剂量荷叶总生物碱和降脂药物辛伐他汀(阳性药物对照组),观察荷叶总生物碱对高脂血症大鼠体质量、体脂以及血清脂质相关指标的影响;用对硝基苯酚法检测不同质量浓度荷叶总生物碱处理对大鼠胰脂肪酶活性的影响.结果显示:荷叶总生物碱能显著降低高脂血症大鼠的体质量,显著降低血清总胆固醇、血清甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,显著降低谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性以及动脉粥样系数,升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇/血清总胆固醇比值;荷叶总生物碱能抑制脂肪酶活性,抑制类型为非竞争性抑制;在荷叶总生物碱质量浓度为12.5～600μg/mL范围内,对脂肪酶的抑制效果随其质量浓度的增加而增强,在600μg/mL时达到最大抑制率,为25.6%,当荷叶总生物碱质量浓度继续增加时,抑制率趋于平缓,保持在最大值附近.体内、体外试验结果均表明,荷叶总生物碱类物质具有降脂减肥作用,提示其可能具有预防肥胖、调节脂代谢紊乱的功效.     

黄土藻类回接之生境条件研究

通过液体藻种固相接种培养试验,对人工培养藻类结皮的生态环境条件进行了研究,探讨了温度、光照、水分对藻类生长繁殖的影响规律。结果表明:温度条件对藻类的生长有影响,20℃和室温条件下藻类生物量平均增长率较小,说明其生长比35℃条件下稳定;从光照条件来看,全光和暗光条件下藻类生物量逐渐减少,而弱光条件下生物量持续增加,说明弱光条件下藻类生长最旺盛;水分是影响藻类生长的重要条件,土壤含水量达到30%～35%时藻类生长良好,说明足够的水分供给能够增强液体藻种对环境的适应性,因此,在藻类接种的初期,加强水分的供应能够保证人工培养藻类结皮的成活率。