重油混烧控制系统的智能故障诊断

提出用离散Hopiield神经网络预测模型算法对传感器的故障进行检测;采用Hopfield神经网络与模糊评判结合方法,对阀门进行了故障诊断;提出一种改进离散Hopfield神经网络算法,该改进算法中,为使得样本构造记忆矩阵中包含抑制信息,将故障输入矢量和输出诊断矢量对由二值状态矢量对转换为两极对形式,构成离散Hopfield神经网络的输入-输出两极对.实时检测重油混烧控制系统的故障和异常,构造输入故障矢量,通过判断是否与神经网络原训练样本完全匹配或由计算贴近度确定一个最靠近的样本与之对应,给出混烧控制系统的故障诊断和故障信息提示.     

Spice crops agroforestry systems in the East Usambara Mountains,Tanzania: growth analysis

A scarcity of cultivation land calls for more intensive and productive land use in the East Usambara Mountains in NE Tanzania. Spice crops could generate cash in higher parts of the mountains, but the present cultivation methods are depleting the valuable forest resources. The trial was established at the end of 2000 to find out how the two popular cash crops, cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton.) and black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), normally grown under the natural forest, will produce in intensive agroforestry system with two multipurpose farm trees, Grevillea robusta A.Cunn. and nitrogen fixing Gliricidia sepium Jacq. Results from 6 years showed that cardamom produced better with grevillea than in natural forest; 5.5 times more in the fourth year than the average in the area. The Land Equivalent Ratios for black pepper and cardamom showed that pepper intercropped with grevillea produced 3.9 times more than in monoculture whereas cardamom intercropped with grevillea and pepper produced 2.3 times more than in monoculture. Gliricidia improved the nitrogen and organic matter content of the soil over the levels found in natural forest. Soil acidity was, however, preventing the plants from using the available mineral nutrients more effectively.     

松木屑/低密度聚乙烯微波辅助共热解行为研究(英文)

通过TG和DSC对松木屑/低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)混合物的热解行为进行了研究,并利用微波辅助加热方式对不同质量比松木屑/LDPE混合物的热解产物进行了分析。实验表明,松木屑和LDPE可在270～480℃温度区间共热解,且共热解行为以375℃为界可分为两个阶段;松木屑/LDPE质量比在10∶2以下时具有较明显的共热解行为。气-质联用(GC-MS)分析表明,提高微波功率或增加LDPE加入量均会降低共热解液相产物的产率,其产物中愈创木酚类产物的产率降幅明显;生成大量的1-羟基-2-丙酮和乙酸,约占液相产物分率50%以上。大功率微波辅助加热会增加不凝气体,且LDPE加入量的增加会促进CO、CO2的产生。     

引进泰国甜角基因资源多样性的RAPD分析

采用RAPD分子标记技术,对引进的10个泰国甜角栽培品种进行分析,研究其遗传变异及遗传关系.筛选出的8个引物共扩增出52条带,其中多态性条带为34条,多态带比率为65.38%.多态性标记百分率PPL、观测等位基因数Ao、有效等位基因数Ae、Nei's基因多样性指数H和Shannon信息指数I在物种水平分别为65.38%、1.653 8、1.199 9、0.137 1和0.227 9,而在栽培品种水平分别为25.96%、1.259 6、1.164 7、0.094 6和0.140 3.基因分化系数GST=0.163,表明有83.7%的遗传差异来自栽培品种内.10个栽培品种间的遗传距离变幅在0.013 1～0.124 4之间,平均为0.047.UPGMA聚类分析结果显示,以遗传距离0.02来划分,10个栽培品种可以分为3组,Zichupoton、Buangka、Barchan、Shampoo、Ziton栽培品种聚为一组,Sritong、Srichompo、Prakaythong、Sritongbao栽培品种构成一组,而Bargeton单独聚为一组.     

防止三层实木复合地板面层开裂的措施

分析了三层实木复合地板在生产和使用过程中面层开裂的原因,并提出了相应的改进措施,为企业改进生产工艺,提高三层实木复合地板产品质量提供参考.     

A mathematical model for generating land-use allocation alternatives for agroforestry systems

Agroforestry has been considered a viable land-use system particularly in the tropical regions. In developing or designing agroforestry systems, various concerns have to be addressed namely: (1) economic; (2) biological and physical; and (3) silvicultural and ecological considerations. This paper addresses these concerns from an interdisciplinary perspective. A land-use allocation model which ensures the simultaneous consideration of these concerns is proposed.     

Global genotype by environment trends in growth traits for Eucalyptus dunnii

New Forests - Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden (Dunn’s white gum) is a fast-growing tall tree with a restricted natural distribution in south-east Australia and favorable wood properties for pulp...     

Simulating the canopy photosynthesis of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia Kom.) in the Qilian Mountains,Northwestern China

New Forests - Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia Kom.) forests play a key role in the carbon sequestration in the Qilian Mountains, Northwestern China. Carbon sequestration is closely related to...     

Cu、Zn制剂对油橄榄容器苗生长和根系的影响

[目的]针对油橄榄容器苗存在主根较为粗大、须根极少、根系盘绕等现象开展化学制剂控根试验,找出适宜油橄榄容器苗的化学控根试剂,从而解决根系畸形导致的油橄榄苗木质量差等问题。[方法]采用4种不同浓度的CuSO_4制剂及ZnSO_4制剂对油橄榄2年生容器苗进行控根试验,测定苗高、地径及地上部、下部生物量,通过根系扫描仪分析根系生长特点,探讨各项生长指标以及生理指标对控根效果的影响。[结果]显示:(1)20 g·L~(-1)和60 g·L~(-1)的Cu制剂可提高容器苗的地上部分生长量;60 g·L~(-1)和200 g·L~(-1)的Cu制剂可显著增加生物量的积累。(2)200 g·L~(-1)的Cu制剂对苗木新根着生效果最为显著;120 g·L~(-1)的Cu制剂对根系的直径、表面积和体积有良好的促进作用;而不同ZnSO_4控根制剂处理对苗木侧根的各指标产生抑制作用。(3)枝条生长量与侧根长度呈显著正相关性;地径、枝条生长量与侧根表面积呈极显著正相关关系。(4)120 g·L~(-1)的Cu制剂处理后叶片的可溶性蛋白质含量最高,Cu制剂浓度为20 g·L~(-1)时,叶片的叶绿素含量增加。[结论]试验发现质量浓度为120 g·L~(-1)和200g·L~(-1)CuSO_4制剂控根效果良好,可运用于实际生产。     

福建柏优树子代苗期性状遗传变异研究

以24个福建柏优树子代苗木为研究对象,对其生长量、生物量和根系等8个性状指标进行了方差分析、相关性分析和主成分分析。结果表明,1年生福建柏苗木各性状之间存在丰富的遗传变异,具有改良的潜力;各性状普遍受到了中等以上的遗传控制,其中总根体积的遗传力最高,达到了0.96;苗高仅与地径、地上鲜质量、总根长、总根体积存在显著或极显著相关,地径、地上干鲜质量、地下干鲜质量、总根长与总根体积相互之间存在极显著的相关;纬度是影响生物量性状的主要地理因子。对8个性状进行主成分分析后,得到能概括所测8个性状78.23%信息的3个主成分,计算出各家系的综合得分。