牛羊4种寄生虫病联合诊断技术的研究与应用

疫区牛羊同时寄生有捻转血矛线虫、日本血吸虫、伊氏锥虫和肝片吸虫等多种寄生虫。目前血清学诊断方法对这 4种寄生虫病的检测需 2～ 4次操作。将捻转血矛线虫、日本血吸虫、伊氏锥虫和肝片吸虫抗原分别以 0 1 5 ,0 0 4 ,0 0 6和 0 1 3μg/ μL的最佳浓度依次定点在同一硝酸纤维素膜条上 ,制成 4种寄生虫病联合诊断膜。用黄牛IgG ,水牛IgG和山羊IgG联合免疫兔 ,获得了高效价兔抗黄牛、水牛和山羊 (简称兔抗牛羊 )IgG抗血清。应用兔抗牛羊IgG抗血清连接酶标SPA ,建立了 1份血纸能同时用于检测牛、羊捻转血矛线虫、日本血吸虫、伊氏锥虫和肝片吸虫病抗体技术。经浙江、湖北、四川、安徽等省应用 ,该项技术具有省工、省时、经济、实用等优点。适宜于牛、羊捻转血矛线虫、日本血吸虫、伊氏锥虫和肝片吸虫病流行区的普查或监测     

饲喂柠条对肉兔生产性能及胴体性状影响的研究

选用45～48日龄平均体重1050g的伊普吕(父系)幼兔64只,分成4组,进行柠条饲喂肉兔试验.对照组饲粮中谷草比例为33.4%,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别用10%、20%和33.4%柠条替代等比例谷草.48天试验结果为:对照组、试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组日均采食量、日增重、料肉比分别为89.84g、92.95g、90.77g、79.95g,22.60g、23.30g、19.24g、17.90g,3.98:1、3.99:1、4.72:1、4.47:1.试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与对照组日采食量、日增重、料肉比差异不显著(P＞0.05);屠宰试验结果为:试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ与对照组在胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率、肉骨比、心脏、肺脏、肝脏、肾脏等指标方面无显著差异(P＞0.05);而试验Ⅲ组日采食量、日增重均显著较对照组差(P＜0.05).试验结果表明:生长肉兔饲粮中添加10%～20%柠条粉是可行的,且饲粮成本较低.     

加利福尼亚兔选育研究

经过对加利福尼亚兔进行３个世代纯种选育后,繁殖性能有了明显的改善。三世代窝产仔数、产活仔数、３５日龄断奶窝重分别为７．７３只、７．３３只、３７３３．６４ｇ,分别较零世代提高１０．４％、１１．６％和６９．８％,在ＣＰ１６．１３％、ＣＦ１４．５％的中等偏下营养条件下,四世代７７日龄体重达１９１５ｇ,３５～７７日龄日增重为２７．１１克,屠宰率达５６．２％,兔群整齐度有明显的改善。     

黄花苜蓿野生种群遗传多样性的初步研究

对来自我国不同地区的黄花苜蓿野生种群的种子千粒重、发芽率及贮藏蛋白进行了初步研究。结果表明，黄花苜蓿野生种群内和种群间均存在着较大的变异，种子千粒重在1.098～2.012g之间，其中二倍体黄花苜蓿种子千粒重最低，仅为1.098g，是四倍体黄花苜蓿种子平均千粒重的62.01%；种子发芽率也十分不整齐，种皮不经磨擦的自然发芽率十分低，从0～40%不等，平均发芽率仅为16.9%，二倍体种子的自然发芽率为0；种子贮藏蛋白SDS凝胶电泳亦显示出其具有多态性，平均多态位点百分比为37.9%，基因多样性为0.3066，种群分化系数为0.2257。     

Replication characteristics of swine influenza viruses in precision-cut lung slices reflect the virulence properties of the viruses

Precision-cut lung slices of pigs were infected with five swine influenza A viruses of different subtypes (A/sw/Potsdam/15/1981 H1N1, A/sw/Bad Griesbach/IDT5604/2006 H1N1, A/sw/Bakum/1832/2000 H1N2, A/sw/Damme/IDT5673/2006 H3N2, A/sw/Herford/IDT5932/2007 H3N2). The viruses were able to infect ciliated and mucus-producing cells. The infection of well-differentiated respiratory epithelial cells by swine influenza A viruses was analyzed with respect to the kinetics of virus release into the supernatant. The highest titres were determined for H3N2/2006 and H3N2/2007 viruses. H1N1/1981 and H1N2/2000 viruses replicated somewhat slower than the H3N2 viruses whereas a H1N1 strain from 2006 multiplied at significantly lower titres than the other strains. Regarding their ability to induce a ciliostatic effect, the two H3N2 strains were found to be most virulent. H1N1/1981 and H1N2/2000 were somewhat less virulent with respect to their effect on ciliary activity. The lowest ciliostatic effect was observed with H1N1/2006. In order to investigate whether this finding is associated with a corresponding virulence in the host, pigs were infected experimentally with H3N2/2006, H1N2/2000, H1N1/1981 and H1N1/2006 viruses. The H1N1/2006 virus was significantly less virulent than the other viruses in pigs which was in agreement with the results obtained by the in vitro-studies. These findings offer the possibility to develop an ex vivo-system that is able to assess virulence of swine influenza A viruses.     

环境因子对蛋鸡生产性能的影响

本文研究了春季蛋鸡舍空气环境因素对伊莎蛋鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明，各层笼温差较大，下层比中、上层低1.5～3.0℃；上、中层与下层的产蛋率存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。而中、上层间差异不显著(P>0.05)。1～3层昼夜光照强度差异大；白天光照强烈，且不均匀，南北两列差异极显著(P<0.01)。南列平均值为204.8Lx，北列仅为21.1Lx，是南列出现啄癖多、死淘率高的一个重要原因。相对湿度平均66.7%，在适宜范围之内。舍内平均风速小，仅0.048±0.019m/s；NH     

Nasopharyngeal myxosarcoma in a Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris).

An 18- to 25-yr-old intact female Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris) was diagnosed antemortem and postmortem with nasopharyngeal myxosarcoma metastatic to the lung, chronic lymphoplasmacytic otitis media, and lymphoplasmacytic and eosinophilic stomatitis. Myxosarcomas are rare in domestic animals and seldom metastasize; this tumor has not been previously reported in an exotic felid. Computed tomography of the skull was used during the diagnoses.     

中国胶合板出口美国遭遇的非关税贸易壁垒及其影响分析

随着林产品生产规模的扩大和出口份额的提高, 中国林业企业遭遇越来越多的出口贸易壁垒, 尤其是在作为我国胶合板出口第1大市场的美国。这不仅阻碍了我国林业产业的发展, 甚至严重威胁一部分企业的生存。文中利用量化分析工具测算出, 在美国消费者偏好中国胶合板产品的情况下, 中国胶合板面临的非关税贸易壁垒相当于150%到580%的从价关税税率。面对严峻的形势, 我国企业应在提高自身国际竞争能力的同时, 积极应对贸易摩擦, 并着力开拓新市场。     

恒河猴甲状腺与甲状旁腺的组织学观察

应用光镜和透射电镜技术，探讨了2～15岁恒河猴甲状腺和甲状旁腺的细微结构。结果表明，甲状腺实质由滤泡和滤泡旁细胞构成。滤泡大小不等，平均直径173μm，由单层低立方上皮细胞围成，细胞平均高度4．93μm，胞质内含较丰富的细胞器和胶质小泡等。滤泡旁细胞较少，平均直径13．20μm，位于滤泡之间或镶嵌于滤泡上皮细胞之间，胞质内含少量的分泌颗粒。甲状旁腺位于甲状腺内，其实质由暗主细胞、淡主细胞、暗嗜酸性细胞、淡嗜酸性细胞组成，并可见腺泡样结构和脂肪细胞。主细胞平均直径6．96μm，嗜酸性细胞11．69μm。     

Isolation, expansion, and differentiation of goat adipose-derived stem cells

A goat adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) line was established and compared to a rat line. Goat ADSC cells had normal diploidy after subculture. Proliferation of goat ADSCs was faster than rat cells in the same conditions. Both rat and goat ADSCs stained positively for vimentin, CD49d, CD44 and CD13, but stained negatively for CD34 and CD106. Bone nodules were apparent, and alizarin staining was positive after osteogenic induction. Cells expressing osteocalcin were positive by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. After osteogenic induction, ossification nodules of goat ADSCs were larger than in rats, with dense ALP staining. Adipogenic induction resulting in lipid droplets and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ2) expression were observed. Cartilage lacunae were formed and COL2A1 was expressed. More cartilage lacunae with better morphology were seen following differentiation of goat ADSC's using the hang-drop method. For goat ADSCs, results with both adherent-induced and hanging-drop induced cultures were better than for three-dimensional cultures.