L.A. Baker MS  D.L. Wall MS  D.R. Topliff PhD  D.W. Freeman PhD  R.G. Teeter PhD  J.E. Breazile DVM; PhD  D.G. Wagner PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1993,13(10)

Eight geldings and four mares were randomly assigned treatments within three 4x4 Latin square design experiments to study the effects of dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB) on mineral balance and dry matter digestibility in sedentary and anaerobically exercised horses. Four diets with an average DCAB (calculated as meq ((Na+K+) - Cl-)/kg of diet dry matter) of +24 (Low, L), +127 (Medium Low, ML), +227 (Medium High, MH) and +352 (High, H) were fed for a 21 day adjustment period followed by a 72 hour collection period. Diets consisted of a pelleted base concentrate of com, soybean meal and cottonseed hulls fed with either native prairie grass or bermuda grass hay in a 60:40 ratio. Diet L was formed by adding calcium chloride and ammonium chloride to the base concentrate, diet ML was formed by adding calcium chloride, and diet H was formed by adding potassium citrate and sodium bicarbonate. Diet MI-I received no supplementation and served as the control. Representative samples of feed, feces and urine were analyzed for mineral content and mineral balances were calculated by difference. Fecal output was greater (p <.05), and thus, dry matter digestibility was lower in exercised homes consuming diet L versus diet H. Sodium balance was greater (p <.05) in sedentary horses consuming diet MH as compared to those consuming diets ML and L Sodium balance was greater (p <.05) in exercised homes consuming diet H as compared to those consuming diets ML and L Potassium balance was greater (p <.05) in sedentary horses consuming diet H as compared to those horses consuming diet ML, however, potassium balance was not affected by DCAB in exercised horses. No significant differences were detected in chloride or magnesium balances in the sedentary horses, although chloride balance was greater (p <.05) and magnesium balance was lower (p <.05) in exercised homes consuming diet L as compared to all other diets. In sedentary homes, phosphorus balance was reflective of intake with differences (p <.05) observed between all treatments. However, in exercised homes, phosphorus balance was lower (p <.05) oniy for those consuming diet L. Calcium balance decreased significantly as DCAB decreased between all treatments in sedentary horses, while calcium balance in exercised homes was greater (p <.05) for homes consuming diet H as compared to those consum- ing diet L.Previous research from our laboratory has shown that both exercised and sedentary horses consuming diets with a low DCAB experience a nutritionally induced metabolic acidosis. The current data indicate that anaerobically exercised and sedentary horses consuming these diets excrete significantly more calcium in the urine resulting in decreased calcium balances. Prolonged consumption of diets with a low DCAB may lead to a significant demineralization of bone and a subsequent weakening of the skeleton.  相似文献   

    

Lori R. Prantil MPS  DVM  Jessica E. Markovich DVM  DACVIM  Cailin R. Heinze VMD  MS  DACVN  Deborah E. Linder DVM  DACVN  Todd R. Tams DVM  DACVIM  Lisa M. Freeman DVM  PhD  DACVN 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2016,26(2):254-261

  相似文献   

A STUDY TO EVALUATE SINGLE PORT, CENTRAL AXIS DOSIMETRY AND VERIFICATION TECHNIQUES FOR VETERINARY RADIOTHERAPY, USING THE CANINE NASAL CAVITY AS A MODEL TARGET     

Michael  Walker  DVM  Russell  Durrer  MS  Vicki  Weir  ARRT  Margaret  Slater  DVM  PhD  Jim  MCPherson  Charles  Ray  Jr  Keith  Carsten 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1994,35(3):210-216

  相似文献   

    

Courtney L. Fitzpatrick DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Ursula Krotscheck DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Margret S. Thompson DVM  Diplomate ACVR  Rory J. Todhunter DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  Zhiwu Zhang PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2012,41(8):966-972

  相似文献   

    

Christin L. Reminga DVM  DACVECC  Deborah C. Silverstein DVM  DACVECC  Kenneth J. Drobatz DVM  MSCE  DACVIM  DACVECC  Dana L. Clarke VMD  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2018,28(3):232-243

  相似文献   

    

Renee C. Krebs DVM  MS  Simon C. Roe BVSc  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  Brian J. Trumpatori DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Gary Spodnick DVM  MS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2014,43(2):114-119

  相似文献   

  总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

KAREN J. FRISCHMEYER dvm    PAUL E. MILLER dvm  diplomate acvo    YVONNE BELLAY dvm  MS    STEPHANIE L. SMEDES DVM  Diplomate ACVO  DAVID B. BRUNSON dvm  MS  Diplomate ACVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(3):230-234

Dogs given parenteral anticholinergic drugs have been thought to be at risk for development or exacerbation of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). In a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study, we evaluated the effect of intramuscular glycopyrrolate (0.01 mg/kg) on pupil diameter and IOP in unanesthetized normal dogs. Treatment with glycopyrrolate did not change pupil diameter or IOP from baseline, nor were there differences between glycopyrrolate and saline-treated (control) dogs. In addition, the authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 2,828 dogs undergoing general anesthesia between April 1987 and September 1990 to determine if there was an association between parenteral anticholinergic medication and postanesthetic elevation in IOP. The authors also determined the frequency of bradycardia requiring anticholinergic therapy during anesthesia in dogs with glaucoma. Of the 2,828 cases reviewed, the records of 46 dogs coded for glaucoma were examined in detail. The 46 dogs underwent 62 episodes of anesthesia, with 23 episodes including exposure to an anticholinergic drug. An increase in IOP from preanesthetic to postanesthetic measurement occurred in three dogs. One of these dogs received anticholinergic medication for bradycardia during anesthesia. The postanesthetic elevation in IOP in this dog was probably not drug related. Preanesthetic anticholinergic administration did not affect the incidence of anticholinergic administration for bradycardia during the anesthetic episode. Anticholinergic therapy during anesthesia was more frequent when the preanesthetic medication included an opiate drug. These studies do not indicate an association between parenteral anticholinergic administration and elevations in IOP.  相似文献   

  总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DVM  Diplomate ACVECC  ACVIM Elizabeth A. Rozanski  Guest Editor 《Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice》1999,14(4):iv

  相似文献   

    

G. K. Sicard  DVM    K. Hayashi  DVM  PhD    P. A. Manley  DVM  MSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2002,31(1):78-84

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanical properties of 5 types of fishing material, 2 sterilization methods, and a commercially designed crimp-clamp system for the extra-articular repair of the canine stifle joint. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Animals were not used in this study. METHODS: Two brands of monofilament nylon fishing line and 3 brands of monofilament nylon leader line were used to determine the effect of steam and ethylene oxide sterilization on strength and elongation of the material. A strand of 36-kg test monofilament nylon fishing material was wrapped around 2 rods or knotted to form a loop around 2 rods on a materials-testing machine. Ten trials of each brand of unsterilized, steam-sterilized, and ethylene oxide-sterilized fishing material were tested. A strand of each material was elongated to failure at a constant displacement of 1,000 mm/min to determine strength. A strand of each material was cycled 10 times to a load of 50 N to determine percent elongation. The brand of fishing material with the greatest strength and least elongation was crimped to form a loop around 2 rods on a materials-testing machine and tested as described above. ANOVA was used to determine the effect of sterilization method, brand of material, knot, wrap, and crimp on strength and elongation of the material, and a post-hoc t test was used when significant differences were found. A Student t test was used to compare fixation techniques (wrap, knot, and crimp). RESULTS: Sterilization by steam or ethylene oxide had no significant effect on the strength of the nylon fishing material. Steam sterilization resulted in significant increases (2- to 4-fold) in elongation of most nylon fishing material when compared with unsterilized material. Ethylene oxide sterilization had minimal effect on elongation of the fishing material. Mason leader line showed no significant change in strength or elongation regardless of sterilization method. Significantly less strength and significantly less elongation were demonstrated in Mason leader line that was crimped as compared with Mason leader line that was knotted. CONCLUSION: Ethlylene oxide was the preferred method of sterilization to preserve strength and minimize elongation of the fishing material. Of the materials tested, Mason leader line had the least elongation and the greatest preservation of strength when ethylene oxide was used as the sterilization method. Mason leader line and Sufix fishing line were comparable choices when steam was used as the sterilization method. Significantly less elongation was demonstrated in crimped Mason leader line as compared with knotted Mason leader line. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Of the materials tested, Mason leader line and Sufix fishing line had the best mechanical properties for extracapsular stabilization of the canine stifle joint. Crimping is an attractive alternative to knotting and results in a reduction in elongation of the nylon fishing material.  相似文献   

    

N. BROCK DVM  S. V. HILDEBRAND DVM  Dipiomate ACVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(6):468-474

After sedation with xylazine (0.3 mg/kg intravenously [IV]), anesthesia was induced in six healthy horses with ketamine (2.0 mg/kg IV) and guaifenesin (100 mg/kg IV), diazepam (0.05 mg/kg IV), or diazepam (0.10 mg/kg IV). Anesthesia was maintained with halothane for 30 minutes. Heart rate, respiratory rate, direct arterial blood pressure, arterial blood gas, and pH measurements were made before, and at set intervals after, induction of anesthesia. Quality and characteristics of induction and recovery were evaluated objectively by an independent observer unaware of the protocol used. There were no significant differences among the three protocols from pre-induction values for arterial blood pressure, blood gas values, and pH. There was significantly greater ataxia at induction with the use of guaifenesin. The nature of induction, transition to and recovery from general anesthesia were comparable between guaifenesin and the higher dose of diazepam. Because of movements and difficulty with intubation, the lower dose of diazepam was considered unsatisfactory. It was concluded that diazepam (0.10 mg/kg) could be substituted for guaifenesin (100 mg/kg) to produce comparable quality of anesthesia in horses.  相似文献