植酸酶对不同类型的断乳仔猪日粮粗蛋白、氨基酸和能量的消化率的影响

通过对4个安装了简易T型瘘管的断奶仔猪研究表明,添加植酸酶并没有提高玉米-豆粕型日粮(试验组1)、小麦-豆粕型日粮(试验组2)和大麦-豌豆-菜籽粕型日粮(试验组4)粗蛋白和氨基酸的回肠表观消化率(AID),而使小麦-豆粕-菜粕型日粮的粗蛋白和氨基酸回肠表观消化率或粗蛋白和消化能的总消化道表观消化率(ATTD)得到了显著的提高(P<0.05)或呈提高的势态(P<0.10)。这些结果表明,氨基酸对细菌性植酸酶的反应因子取决于日粮的组成。     

2015―2020年国家西北内陆棉区棉花品种区域试验参试品种(系)枯黄萎病抗性评述

对2015-2020年参加西北内陆棉区区域试验的192个棉花品种(系)枯萎病、黄萎病的抗性分析,为棉花抗病育种及品种推广提供依据.结果表明,参试棉花品种(系)未出现对枯萎病和黄萎病免疫的品种;参试棉花品种(系)对枯萎病的抗性水平较高,除2018年高抗和抗病品种(系)占比为88.2％外,其他年份均在92％以上;参试的品种...     

遵义市辣椒产业发展的现状、问题与对策

本文概述了遵义市辣椒产业发展的基本情况及存在的问题,进一步提出了当前遵义辣椒产业发展的思路与措施。     

粮仓智能通风控制系统

综合了当今先进的仓储管理技术、电子技术、计算机网络技术、人工智能,通讯技术及防腐防雷技术为一体,设计一套粮仓智能通风控制系统,以实现在外部条件适宜的情况下对粮仓进行通风,达到除热、调湿等目的,进而有效控制粮仓的储粮环境,从而达到安全储粮的目的.     

Natural Polyether Ionophores and Their Pharmacological Profile

This review is devoted to the study of the biological activity of polyether ionophores produced by bacteria, unicellular marine algae, red seaweeds, marine sponges, and coelenterates. Biological activities have been studied experimentally in various laboratories, as well as data obtained using QSAR (Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships) algorithms. According to the data obtained, it was shown that polyether toxins exhibit strong antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal, antitumor, and other activities. Along with this, it was found that natural polyether ionophores exhibit such properties as antiparasitic, antiprotozoal, cytostatic, anti-mycoplasmal, and antieczema activities. In addition, polyethers have been found to be potential regulators of lipid metabolism or inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Further study of the mechanisms of action and the search for new polyether ionophores and their derivatives may provide more effective therapeutic natural polyether ionophores for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. For some polyether ionophores, 3D graphs are presented, which demonstrate the predicted and calculated activities. The data presented in this review will be of interest to pharmacologists, chemists, practical medicine, and the pharmaceutical industry.     

60多年来车尔臣河流域主要水文要素特征分析

开展河流主要水文要素变化特征分析,可为不同来水情景下水资源配置（农业需水量计算、山区水库调蓄计算、水利工程规划布局、水资源优化利用等）提供理论依据。以新疆车尔臣河为例,采用Mann-Kendall趋势检验、小波分析等方法对主要水文要素变化特征进行了分析。车尔臣河径流系列变差系数（Cv）为0.34,偏差系数（Cs）为1.14,径流年际变化相对稳定;1957—2021年间径流整体呈显著增加趋势,其中1957—2003年处于上升、下降的波动状态,在2003年后径流整体呈增加趋势,且在2008年发生突变;径流过程存在 11 a和 19 a的显著主周期,在主周期内还存在 7 a和 11 a的小周期;基于距平百分率法得到丰水年来水为6.630亿m³,平水年来水量为5.319亿m³,枯水年来水量为4.820亿m³;流域降水呈现显著上升趋势,气温呈先下降后上升波动,整体呈上升趋势。研究表明,1957—2021年,在车尔臣河流域,径流年际变化相对稳定,整体呈显著增加趋势,过程存在11 a和19 a的显著主周期,降水呈波动上升趋势,气温也呈增加趋势,在未来水资源配置规划时应重点关注以上特征。     

Metabolic Profiling and In Vitro Assessment of the Biological Activities of the Ethyl Acetate Extract of Penicillium chrysogenum “Endozoic of Cliona sp. Marine Sponge” from the Red Sea (Egypt)

Marine sponge-derived endozoic fungi have been gaining increasing importance as promising sources of numerous and unique bioactive compounds. This study investigates the phytochemical profile and biological activities of the ethyl acetate extract of Penicillium chrysogenum derived from Cliona sp. sponge. Thirty-six compounds were tentatively identified from P. chrysogenum ethyl acetate extract along with the kojic acid (KA) isolation. The UPLC-ESI-MS/MS positive ionization mode was used to analyze and identify the extract constituents while 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy were used for kojic acid (KA) structure confirmation. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities were assessed in vitro. Both the extract and kojic acid showed potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC 250 ± 0.82 µg/mL. Interestingly, the extract showed strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC 93.75 ± 0.55 and 19.53 ± 0.48 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, KA showed the same potency against Fusarium oxysporum and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC 39.06 ± 0.85 and 39.06 ± 0.98 µg/mL, respectively. Ultimately, KA showed strong antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ 33.7 ± 0.8 µg/mL. Moreover, the extract and KA showed strong cytotoxic activity against colon carcinoma (with IC₅₀ 22.6 ± 0.8 and 23.4 ± 1.4 µg/mL, respectively) and human larynx carcinoma (with equal IC₅₀ 30.8 ± 1.3 and ± 2.1 µg/mL, respectively), respectively. The current study represents the first insights into the phytochemical profile and biological properties of P. chrysoenum ethyl acetate extract, which could be a promising source of valuable secondary metabolites with potent biological potentials.     

Approaches to Configuration Determinations of Flexible Marine Natural Products: Advances and Prospects

Flexible marine natural products (MNPs), such as eribulin and bryostatin, play an important role in the development of modern marine drugs. However, due to the multiple chiral centers and geometrical uncertainty of flexible systems, configuration determinations of flexible MNPs face great challenges, which, in turn, have led to obstacles in druggability research. To resolve this issue, the comprehensive use of multiple methods is necessary. Additionally, configuration assignment methods, such as X-ray single-crystal diffraction (crystalline derivatives, crystallization chaperones, and crystalline sponges), NMR-based methods (JBCA and Mosher’s method), circular dichroism-based methods (ECCD and ICD), quantum computational chemistry-based methods (NMR calculations, ECD calculations, and VCD calculations), and chemical transformation-based methods should be summarized. This paper reviews the basic principles, characteristics, and applicability of the methods mentioned above as well as application examples to broaden the research and applications of these methods and to provide a reference for the configuration determinations of flexible MNPs.     

Babesia vulpes in a dog from Prince Edward Island,Canada

A 12-year-old neutered male American Staffordshire terrier dog was referred to the Atlantic Veterinary College, Prince Edward Island, Canada, for suspected immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Babesiosis (Babesia vulpes) was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction testing. The dog was successfully treated with a 10-day protocol of atovaquone/proguanil (TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries, Toronto, Ontario), 13.5 mg/kg BW, PO, q8h and azithromycin (Pharmascience, Montreal, Quebec), 10 mg/kg BW, PO, q24h. To the authors’ knowledge, this report is the first documented case of babesiosis caused by Babesia vulpes in a dog from Canada.