正交试验法优化普抗合剂制备工艺

以干浸膏得率和黄芩苷提取率为考核指标,采用正交试验法对普抗合剂水提取醇沉淀制备工艺进行考察.普抗合剂最佳制备工艺方案为加水量10倍,提取2次,每次1 h,55%的乙醇沉淀杂质 .该工艺科学合理,适合于大规模工业生产.     

兽药使用环节存在的问题及对策

经过对兽药生产厂家和经营企业几年的整治,尤其是新<兽药管理条例>和<兽药标签和说明书管理办法>出台后,又经过GMP认证,兽药生产经营市场秩序和经营行为得到了一定的规范.但兽药使用环节中却存在诸多的问题,如:违法使用人用药品;违法使用禁用兽药;不执行休药期规定;未建立台帐等等.这些问题的存在,直接导致了动物产品的安全性问题.对此,笔者分析了兽药使用环节存在问题的原因,并对解决这些问题提出了个人观点.     

Solanum torvum as a causative agent of enzootic calcinosis in Papua, New Guinea

Inclusion of dried powdered leaves of Solanum torvum Swartz (collected in Papua, New Guinea) in the diet of rats induced hypercalcaemai rapidly and hyperphosphataemia more slowly; soft tissue calcification was most evident in the kidney and lung. Solanum torvum may be a causative agent of enzootic calcinosis in cattle in Papua, New Guinea.     

C型肉毒梭菌肉毒毒素的提取与鉴定

[目的]通过对C型肉毒梭菌肉毒毒素的提取与鉴定,为类毒素和抗毒素的制备及抗原性分析奠定基础.[方法]将分离鉴定得到的C型肉毒梭菌通过扩大培养、产毒培养后将产生的肉毒毒素采用除菌过滤、硫酸铵盐盐析、离心、透析、浓缩的方法从产毒培养基中分离提取出来.再将提取的肉毒毒素通过SDS-PAGE鉴定毒素蛋白的分子量.[结果]分离出来的毒素蛋白重链和轻链分别在98和53 KDa左右,与C型肉毒毒素的理论分子量相符.[结论]提取的肉毒毒素是C型肉毒毒素.     

A risk-assessed evaluation of postmortem meat inspection procedures for ovine thysanosomiasis

A risk assessment model was used to evaluate 4 meat inspection procedures for routine detection of Thysanosoma actinioides, a tapeworm that commonly infests the bile duct system of adult sheep in the United States. The overall sensitivities of different procedures ranged from 11.96 to 58.70%, and the nondetection rates per 1,000 viscera sets that passed inspection ranged from 38 to 77. On the basis of performance attributes for each procedure produced by the risk assessment model, the consumer was exposed to an aesthetic defect that was in 9 to 17 of every 1,000 livers passed for human consumption. The amount of wastage was also identified (3 to 39 livers/1,000 passed). Viewing of the incision site of the common hepatic duct was the most preferable routine inspection procedure, and matched pair analysis revealed that there was no additional benefit in combining this procedure with routine expression of a portion of bile from the gallbladder.     

Injecting Bio Solids into Grass and Arable Crops, Part II: Development of a Shallow Application Technique

Digested sludge contains valuable crop nutrients but these are largely lost because current application techniques limit where and when it can be applied. Soil injection to depths in excess of 150 mm to reduce odour problems can only be used on fallow land or grass because of the damage it can cause. This leads to applications at high rates being applied with increased environmental risk. The aim of this study was to determine the benefits and limitations of injecting digested sewage sludge into land growing arable crops using shallow, less than 100 mm deep, injection techniques. Agronomic trials conducted over 2 years with winter wheat and rape showed that the crops were surprisingly resistant to mechanical damage during the growing season. Crop yields were not effected by injecting sludge into the crop up to March, equivalent to growth stage 30 in winter wheat, using a conventional tractor-based system working. Injection is possible later in the growing season based on systems with the tractor operating along “tramlines” for field traffic control.