Porphyra-334 Isolated from the Marine Algae Bangia atropurpurea: Conformational Performance for Energy Conversion

Prophyra-334 (p-334) may play a role of energy transfer under an uncertain mechanism, and we speculate the possible model. Via 1D and 2D NMR experiments, it was simulated the correlation between dissociation and conformation of p-334. Intramolecular interactions were observed based on a series of changes in the 1H and 13C chemical shifts. Nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy experiments and molecular models in various pD conditions indicated the p-334 molecular dissociation process status. In addition, we also used Chem3D software to find the most possible molecular conformation. The relationship between the structural status and energy conversion is explained. Those are the primary results. More researches on it are highly expected in the future.     

Glass distilling collector applied for HCN recovery from submerged culture broth and fruiting body of Pleurotus eryngii for identification and quantification

Detection and surveillance of food commodities containing cyanide is a crucial issue of food safety. In this study, five strains of Pleurotus eryngii (P. eryngii) were grown in submerged culture of yeast malt broth (YMB) with the suspected production of HCN. A safety-warranted U-bent glass distilling collector with three enlarged bulbs on each arm was designed to recover the broth vapor. When AgNO(3) solution was used as an absorbent to interact with the vapor, a white precipitate was formed. The precipitate was isolated and identified as AgCN by FT-Raman spectroscopic analysis. When the absorbent was substituted by KOH, after evaporation to dryness, dissolved in D(2)O, and followed by (13)C-NMR analysis, a KCN spectrum was achieved. Formation of AgCN and KCN confirmed HCN production in the broth by P. eryngii. When a sodium picrate solution (1.4%) was used as an absorbent and various authentic KCN solutions were applied for distillation and followed by absorbance determination at 510 nm, a linear dose-dependent relationship was obtained and the procedure was applied for HCN quantification of the marketed P. eryngii mushrooms (fruiting body). As estimated, 67.3% of the products contained HCN less than 1.0 mg/kg, 17.3% between 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, and 15.4% higher than 2.0 mg/kg. When the mushrooms were sliced and cooked in water at 95 degrees C for 6 min, 89.1% of the original HCN was lost. When the P. eryngii strains were respectively grown by submerged cultivation in YMB or YMB supplemented with 2.5% glycine for 16 days, HCN content was slightly higher in the latter than in the former for each strain.     

Proteomic analysis of pycnogenol effects in RAW 264.7 macrophage reveals induction of cathepsin D expression and enhancement of phagocytosis

Pycnogenol, polyphenolic compounds extracted from the pine bark, is beneficial for human health. To understand more of its effects, the present study is to explore the protein expression pattern induced by pycnogenol in RAW 264.7 cells. Global analysis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis indicated that treatment with pycnogenol induces upregulation of four proteins, whose identities were revealed by mass spectrometry as cathepsin D, keratinocyte lipid-binding protein, proteasome subunit alpha type 1, and annexin IV. The pycnogenol effect displayed a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Unlike pycnogenol, N-acetyl cysteine and vitamin C had no effect on cathepsin D expression. Further studies showed that cathepsin D induction is correlated with an increase of lysosomal staining and enhancement of phagocytosis. These results reveal the novel effects of pycnogenol on protein expression and phagocytic functions and illustrate the advantage of proteomics-based strategy in unveiling the molecular basis of phytochemicals.     

Immunochemical and mass spectrometric analysis of Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine content of AGE-BSA systems prepared with and without selected antiglycation agents

The present study was designed to compare surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) methods for the analysis of Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) in glucose-bovine serum albumin (BSA) model systems and to investigate the possible inhibitory effect of selected compounds (α-tocopherol, ferulic acid, rutin, thiamin, thiamin monophosphate, and thiamin pyrophosphate) on CML formation. The reported levels of CML detected were dependent upon the method of analysis employed. The highest reported concentrations were obtained with the SPR biosensor, whereas the lowest were found by ELISA. However, a high correlation was observed between these two immunochemical procedures. CML concentrations were dependent upon the type and concentration of the candidate CML inhibitor. All inhibitory compounds investigated, with the exception of α-tocopherol, decreased the level of CML formation in the glucose-BSA system.     

Effect of inhibitor compounds on Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) formation in model foods

The possible adverse effects on health of diet-derived advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and advanced lipoxidation endproducts (ALEs) is of current interest. This study had the objective of determining the effects of the addition of AGE/ALE inhibitors and different types of sugar and cooking oil on Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) formation in model foods (sponge cakes). The cake baked using glucose produced the highest level of CML (2.07±0.24 mmol/mol lysine), whereas the cake baked using fructose produced the highest concentration of CEL (25.1±0.15 mmol/mol lysine). There were no significant differences between CML concentrations formed in the cakes prepared using different types of cooking oil, but significant differences (P<0.001) were observed between the cakes prepared using different proportions of cooking oil. The cakes containing oil generated greater concentrations of CML than sucrose. α-Tocopherol and rutin did not inhibit CML and CEL formation. In contrast, ferulic acid and thiamin, thiamin monophosphate, and thiamin pyrophosphate reduced CML and CEL formation.     

口服富硒蛋对人血清抗氧化活性影响分析

本文报道通过口服富硒蛋后，人血清硒（Ｓｅ）、发硒（Ｓｅ）、血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ—Ｐｘ）、过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）等指标的变化，以进一步探讨Ｓｅ对人体抗氧化、清除自由基作用的影响。实验结果表明：所有观察对象服硒蛋３个月后，血清Ｓｅ、发Ｓｅ、ＧＳＨ—Ｐｘ均明显升高，血清硒平均值由原来０．０８８μｇ／ｍｌ上升至０．１４４μｇ／ｍｌ，发硒由０．１９５ｍｇ／ｋｇ至０．５１４ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ＧＳＨ—ＰＸ活力由１４７．１Ｕ／Ｌ升至１８８．５Ｕ／Ｌ，前后比较有极明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＧＳＨ—Ｐｘ／ＬＰＯ前后比较亦有极明显差异异（Ｐ＜０．０１），硒对脂代谢调节规律得以肯定。     

Toxicity of monoterpenes from Pinus radiata cortical oleoresin to Diplodia pinea spores1

The effect on spore germmation and germ tube growth of Diplodia pinea produced by (+)- α-pinene, (?)-β-pinene, (+)-Δ³-carene, (?)-limonene, β-phellandrene, and terpinolene was determined over a range of vapour concentrations. Spore germination was most inhibited by A³-carene; germ tube growth was inhibited by all these monoterpenes except (?)-limonenc and ß-phellandrene. In contrast to the low toxicity of (?)-limonene, (+)-limonene (not known to be present in Pinus radiata cortical oleoresin) was extremely toxic to both spore germination and germ tube growth. The results arc discussed in rotation to an earlier observation that trees free of dieback in the field had high levels of certain monoterpenes.     

辽宁地区玉米螟化学防治的研究

1958—1962年在辽宁省新金、辽中及沈阳三地,对为害玉米及谷子的玉米螟进行了化学防治試驗。試驗証明:玉米心叶末期或田間初見卵后20—25天,或田間第一代螟卵接近绝跡时均可作为辽宁地区进行化学防治适期的标准。用5％DDT或1％六六六顆粒剂适期施药,对第一代玉米螟都有100％效果。于玉米收获前剖查,經5％DDT与1％六六六顆粒剂处理后,減虫率分別为70％以上和60％以上。心叶期增加施药次数并不能增加防治效果。从顆粒剂的加工方法来看,混和顆粒剂优于拌粉顆粒剂。谷子上化学防治的适宜时期,为田间初見卵后15—20天,相当于第一代卵高峯或卵高峯后3—5天。用5％DDT、0.5％六六六1∶1混合粉剂,每亩4斤施于谷子茎基部,一次施药,可得70—80％以上的防治效果。     

SIMPLE ANALYSIS OF THE COMBINATION OF RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING AND BCHAVIOR SCIONCE

The combination of nesponsibiiity accounting and behavion seience is one of theimportant ways to improue economic benefit of enterprose under the morderi enterprise rules.In thistreatise , the authoz discusses emphatically the combination of these two subjects,and pointed out thatpolitics education is an etficient method with great encouragement to enterprises in own country.     

半干旱退化山区生态经济型防护林体系建设技术研究

通过对半干旱退化山区生态经济型防护林体系营建与配置,优化了林种和树种结构,改变了树种单一局面,提出了不同立地条件的人工混交林,试区已形成了以防护林为主的多林种、多树种、多层次结构,带、片、网、团、乔、灌、草相结合的生物学稳定的人工生态系统。同时已建成面积为1 200 hm2持续、高效的生态经济型防护林体系建设模式示范区,为生态经济型防护林体系建设提供了科学依据和途径。