黄背木耳多糖对巨噬细胞的激活作用

通过中性红吞噬法、Griess法、ELSA法检测黄背木耳多糖增强巨噬细胞的吞噬作用,提高生成NO的能力,促进细胞因子的分泌。黄背木耳多糖能够有效地激活巨噬细胞,可能是其抗肿瘤作用的主要机制。     

杧果抗冷害能力及腋花序再生力研究

以杧果为试材,在经历2008年春长时间低温寡照之后,对15个品种的抗冷害能力和花序再生力进行了调查分析。结果表明：供试品种均受严重冷害,顶生花芽（或花序）大部分干枯死亡,仅金煌杧的抵抗力稍强;供试品种均具有腋花序再生能力,但品种间存在较大差异,再生力强的品种有农院14号杧、台农1号杧、凯特杧、金穗杧、紫花杧、桂热杧120号、桂热杧82号,较强的有红象牙杧、吉尔杧、秋杧、桂香杧,中等的有红金煌杧、金煌杧,较差的为贵妃杧和爱文杧;再生花序数与再生花梢率呈正相关。     

Combined effect of apigenin and ferulic acid on frozen‐thawed boar sperm quality

The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the cryoprotective effect of apigenin (AP) and ferulic acid (FA) on boar sperm during cryopreservation. AP and FA were both demonstrated to be high‐efficiency antioxidants and had not previously been used to protect sperm from cryodamage. As boar sperm is sensitive to oxidative stress, suitable antioxidants are still needed for improving frozen‐thawed sperm quality. With this purpose, semen samples coming from five boars were used in this study. Ejaculates of five boars were mixed and split into 16 aliquots, in which different doses of AP and FA were added separately or together. The motility, the plasma membrane integrity, the mitochondrial activity, the acrosomal integrity, the antioxidase activities and the malondialdehyde concentration of the frozen‐thawed boar sperm were assessed. The results suggested that both AP and FA significantly improved the frozen‐thawed boar sperm quality in all these aspects when they were added to the freezing extender separately, while the highest improvement was recorded when the extender was supplemented with 0.1 mmol/L AP plus 0.15 mmol/L FA. These findings demonstrated that supplementation of freezing extender with both AP and FA had a combined, beneficial effect on frozen‐thawed boar sperm.     

建设省级示范畜禽疾病检测实验实训中心的实践与思考

安徽农业大学为适应动物医学和动物检疫学发展的需要,深化实践教学改革,整合校内临床检测实验室与社会实践基地,建设成省级示范畜禽疾病检测实验实训中心。该中心通过优化整合实验实训教学内容,强化实践教学环节,构建创新实验实训教学体系,提高临床教学水平,充分发挥培养应用型动物医学和动物检疫学专门人才以及服务社会的功能。     

2013—2016年上海市项目核心示范猪场主要疫病的免疫抗体监测

为评估上海市部分规模猪场的免疫抗体水平,更好地指导生产实践,对9个项目核心示范猪场2013—2016年间1 606份血清样品进行口蹄疫、猪瘟和高致病性猪蓝耳病等3种主要疫病的免疫抗体检测,并对不同规模场、不同区域、不同年份、不同采样时间点和不同阶段猪群的免疫抗体水平进行比较分析。结果显示：2013—2016年上海市部分规模猪场O型口蹄疫免疫抗体平均合格率为85.13%（95% CI：83.39%~86.87%）,猪瘟免疫抗体平均合格率为84.65%（95% CI：82.89%~86.41%）,高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫抗体平均合格率为95.77%（95% CI：94.79%~96.75%）;不同地区、不同年份间的部分疫病抗体合格率存在差异;9个核心示范猪场3种主要疫病免疫抗体水平呈现逐年上升趋势;不同采样时间点的O型口蹄疫免疫抗体合格率差异极显著,其他疫病不显著;生产母猪的免疫抗体水平优于商品肉猪。检测结果显示,通过持续跟踪监测、不断优化免疫程序、调整疫苗种类,上海市规模猪场的主要疫病得到了良好的控制。     

Effects of curcumin analogue L6H4 on myocardial tissue of type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To explore the effects of curcumin analogue L6H4 on the myocardial tissue of type 2 diabetic rats and its mechanism. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, high-fat (HF) group, high-fat treatment (FT) group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group and diabetes treatment (DT) group.The rats in the latter 4 groups were fed high-fat diet for 4 weeks, then the rats in DM groups and DT groups were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce type 2 diabetes, while the rats in FT group and DT group were given L6H4. The blood glucose and lipid levels were detected by biochemical method, and serum adiponectin (APN) levels were detected by ELISA. The serum insulin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. The morphological changes of myocardium were observed by Masson staining and electron microscopy. The protein expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) in myocardial tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of adipoR1 was also detected by Western blot for verification. RESULTS: Compared with NC group, the blood glucose, lipids, insulin, HOMA-IR and TGF-β1 were increased in HF and DM group, but they were decreased after treated with L6H4. Compared with NC group, the concentration of serum APN were decreased and the expression of AdipoR1 in the myocardium were weakened in HF group and DM group, and they increased after treated with L6H4. The myocardial fibrosis was obvious in HF group and DM group, the mitochondria in cardiomyocytes expanded, and the cristae disordered, partial disappeared. These lesions were significantly reduced after L6H4 treatment. CONCLUSION: L6H4 exerts a protective effect on the heart in type 2 diabetic rats. The increased concentration of serum APN, the enhanced expression of AdipoR1, and the expression of TGF-β1 inhibited by APN may be involved in the mechanism of protection.     

Expression and significance of miR-193b in cervical cancer

AIM: To investigate the expression of microRNA-193b(miR-193b) in the cervical tissues, and further to explore the effect of silencing miR-193b on diamminedichloroplatinum(DDP)-treated HeLa cell viability. METHODS: The expression levels of miR-193b in different cervical tissues were examined by qPCR. After transfection of miR-193b-inhibitor, the cell migration was determined by Transwell assay, the sensitivity of HeLa cells to DDP was measured by MTT assay, the protein levels of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten(PTEN), protein kinase B(Akt), p-Akt and p-glycoprotein(P-gp) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: The mRNA level of miR-193b was significantly increased in the cervical cancer tissues compared with normal cervical tissues(P<0.05). Knockdown of miR-193b obviously inhibited migration and enhanced sensitivity to DDP of HeLa cells(P<0.05). Additionally, after transfection of miR-193b-inhibitor, the expression of PTEN was increased, whereas the protein levels of p-Akt and P-gp were decreased(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: miR-193b is highly expressed in the cervical cancer tissues. Inhibition of miR-193b augments the sensitivity to DDP of HeLa cells, at least in part, through PTEN-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.     

Effect of minocycline on glutamate uptake in periventricular zone of neonatal rats after hypoxia

AIM: To investigate the role of minocycline on glutamate uptake in the periventricular zone and its putative mechanism after hypoxic exposure in neonatal rats. METHODS: A model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) was developed by putting postnatal 1 d rat pups in 5% O₂ for 3.5 h. The glutamate level in periventricular zone was measured by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry assay (LC-MS/MS) after hypoxic exposure for 4 h and 1 d. The dynamic changes of glutamate transporters EAAT1, and EAAT2 during developmental period in periventricular zone were determined by Western blot. Moreover, the expression of EAAT1, EAAT2, Iba-1, IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β1 was also detected by Western blot after hypoxic exposure for 4 h and 1 d in that region. The effects of minocycline on all parameters mentioned above were tested after minocycline treatment at the same time points and in the same region. RESULTS: After hypoxic exposure, glutamate level was increased, but it was decreased after minocycline treatment. EAAT1 and EAAT2 kept a low expression level at the first postnatal week, but a predominant elevation was found at the end of the second postnatal week. The expression of EAAT1, EAAT2, Iba-1, IL-1β and TGF-β1 was increased at 1 d after hypoxic exposure. EAAT1 and TNF-α expression was significantly up-regulated, while EAAT2 was down-regulated after minocycline treatment. CONCLUSION: Minocycline inhibits the increase in the glutamate level after hypoxia in periventricular region of the neonatal rats. The mechanism may relate to the selective regulation of glutamate transporters, rather than the inhibition of neuroinflammation in periventricular zone.     

伊犁绢蒿荒漠草地围封后的土壤动态

本研究对伊犁绢蒿(Seriphidium transiliense)荒漠草地的土壤理化性质及光谱进行测定,探讨围封对土壤理化性质的影响和草地光谱的响应。结果表明,土壤含水量在各土层随植物生长期呈递减趋势,5月与9月土壤含水量随围封年限的延长总体上呈增加趋势,并对群落光谱和土壤含水量间关系进行建模,R2=0.63;土壤有机质随封育年限增加呈升-降-升的趋势,围栏内外有机质差值在5月随封育年限的增加而增加,封育7年、10年草地有机质差值,植物生长期内呈线性递减。通过室内土壤光谱及野外裸地光谱对土壤有机质进行建模,均取得较好效果,R2分别为0.64与0.38。研究表明,草地土壤含水量及有机质对于草地恢复状况较为敏感,可用于该类草地封育状况的监测。     

线粒体与种子老化的关系

种子作为最基本的生产资料,其活力高低直接关系到农业生产的成败。关于种子老化机理的研究是种子科学研究的热点和难点。线粒体是真核生物细胞内重要的细胞器,是细胞能量合成和物质代谢的中心,也是活性氧产生的主要位点,且普遍认为,活性氧是导致种子老化的主要因素。种子老化过程中线粒体的典型结构逐渐被破坏,呼吸速率和氧化磷酸化效率降低,抗氧化功能发生改变,因此,本文主要概述种子的老化与线粒体结构、呼吸作用、抗氧化系统变化的关系,并阐述线粒体与细胞程序性死亡关系的研究进展,系统分析种子老化与线粒体变化研究中存在的问题及未来发展趋势,以期为研究种子老化的线粒体作用机理提供理论基础。