回归分析在农用地分等工作成果检验中的应用——以湖北省级成果为例

在SPSS软件基础上，着重研究了回归分析在湖北省农用地分等成果检验中的应用，旨在验证该农用地分等成果的可靠性。     

广东省砖红壤旱地土壤养分状况的网室调查

应用Hunter介绍的技术,对广东省砖红壤早地11个样本进行了土壤养分状况的网室调查,结果表明,砖红壤旱地土壤中氮、磷缺乏非常严重,减氮、减磷处理减产50％左右,钾则在花岗岩发育的土壤效果很明显,其他母质减钾处理减产30％或更少,石灰是一个重要的限制因素,pH5.0以下的土壤,其影响不亚于氟、磷、镁是一个普遍有效的元素,施镁可增产16％～40％。该类土壤不缺硫,施硫没有显著效果。微量元素要注意施用钢,11个样本中有6个效应显著,这类土壤施用硼、钼,锌效果一般,需要量多的作物可以考虑,至于铁、锰,这类土壤本身不缺乏,施用投有效果。     

葡萄白腐病〔Coniothyrium diplodiella(Speg)Sacc〕生物学及防治

葡萄白腐病病菌分生孢子在1%葡萄糖液中萌发率为98.1%,在5%葡萄叶浸出液中萌发率为99.5%,在蒸馏水、雨水、地面泥水中未见萌发;分生孢子在室内自然干燥条件下可存活30～40天。植株病残体(果实)在室温干燥条件下保存24个月,分生孢子仍能正常萌发。病害分离菌在4℃存放120天,萌发率仍有30.8%,接种33种葡萄栽培品种,仅山葡萄(Vitis amarent)未发病;较抗病的有66-22-6、66-22-19.400倍乙磷铝、1∶0.5∶240波尔多液抑制分生孢子萌发率分别为73.1%和86.4%,其它药剂均在18%以下;退菌特、托布津、多茵灵、代森铵、粉托合剂,抗菌素401抑制菌丝生长的效果高达100%;粉锈灵、福美砷、乙磷铝亦可达到90%以上,标准药剂波尔多液为99.4%.     

丙硫磷对水稻三化螟的毒力和药效特征研究

 结合室内生测和田间多点试验，结果表明，丙硫磷⑴对三化螟的毒力回归式Y=3.5945+3.7832X(r=0.9925)接触LD#-（50）为4.61-4.80[×10#+（-4）] μg/头，仅为甲胺磷的1/3，毒力系数则是甲胺磷的3.2倍；⑵对稻株渗透性强，胃毒活性高，渗透性胃毒作用是其生物活性的主要方式；⑶1000mg/L处理后期和前期对卵块的杀卵效果分别为97.9%和85.0%，初效稍慢；⑷持效性优异；⑸45%乳油每公顷2.25-3.75L防治单季晚粳稻和后季稻三化螟白穗的效果分别达78.7%-82.0%和80.8%-87.3%，处理间差异不显著，均显著高于杀虫双或甲胺磷的防效；⑹田间药效过程稳定。     

晚稻田蜘蛛和目标害虫内分布型的动态研究

通过采用聚集度指标的方法,在晚稻不同发育期,对稻田蜘蛛及目标害虫飞虱和叶蝉的内分布型进行了系统研究,测定结果表明其内分布型随水稻发育期的变更而变化,为害虫综合防治策略的制定提供依据。     

海域霉菌对植物病原真菌抗性的研究

以玉蜀黍平脐蠕孢菌(Bipolaris maydis)和大豆尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)为指示菌株,采用平板对峙培养法初步测定渤海海洋霉菌的抑菌活性,再用牛津杯扩散法对初筛获得的活性菌株的发酵液进行抑菌活性测定。结果表明,菌株67对玉蜀黍平脐蠕孢菌和大豆尖孢镰刀菌有很强的抑制作用,菌株32对玉蜀黍平脐蠕孢菌有较好的抑制作用。将菌株67在28℃,180 r/min条件下发酵培养66 h,生物量达到7.054 mg/mL,在54~120 h的发酵时间内,发酵液均具有抑菌活性,发酵96 h时抑菌效果最明显,对F.oxysporum和B.maydis的抑菌圈直径分别为20.3 mm和13.6 mm。同时发现,菌株67发酵液的抑菌活性不仅与发酵时间有关,而且与发酵液的pH值相关,具有明显的抑菌活性的发酵液的pH范围为4.0~5.0。     

3种作物秸秆作仙客来栽培基质试验

为降低生产成本,提高生物资源的利用率,选用亚麻屑、红麻骨、甘蔗渣等3种作物秸秆分别用25%、50%、75%与100%替代普通泥炭,在仙客来上进行栽培试验.结果表明,添加25%的亚麻屑、25%～50%的红麻骨和25%的甘蔗渣均有利于仙客来的生长与开花,其各项指标均优于常规基质.     

论产业结构优化与城市土地资源集约利用

叙述了我国产业结构与城市土地资源存在的问题,阐述了产业结构优化与城市土地资源集约利用的重要性,分析了产业结构优化与城市土地资源集约利用二者之间的内在联系,最后提出了优化产业结构的建议。     

安徽省奶牛隐孢子虫病流行病学调查

为了查明安徽省奶牛隐孢子虫感染与地理分布情况，选取该省境内4个奶牛场进行了奶牛隐孢子虫感染情况的调查，结果在26头奶牛的粪样中查到了隐孢子虫卵囊，其感染率为5．18％（26／502）。经鉴定，所获虫体为鼠隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium muris）和小隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium parvum）。     

Effects of Cd and Pb pollution on soil enzymatic activities and soil microbiota

Based on a representative sampling method and pot experiment with different concentrations of Cd and Pd, the enzymatic activities (urease, phosphatase, catalase, invertase), population of bacteria, fungus and actinomycete in the soil, the Cd and Pd pollution status of soil samples (from the wastewater-irrigated area of Baoding suburb) were appraised. Unitary linear and nonlinear curve-fitting optimization models were applied in the research, and the relationship between Pb and Cd causing pollution and enzymatic activities of the tested soils were discussed. The research may provide a theoretical basis for protecting the environment in the region of Baiyangdian Lake, Hebei province, prevent soil pollution, and ascertain biochemical indexes, which reflect soil heavy metal pollution levels. The research results indicated that: (1) there was obvious accumulation of Pb and Cd in the wastewater-irrigated area, also the accumulation in wastewater-irrigated soil is more than that in fresh water-irrigated soil, and accumulation on surface layer was more than that in the lower layer. Pb and Cd contents in the tested soils exceeded the standards of soil background values for some major cities at home and abroad and the world soil Cd and Pb contents range. This means that the tested soil had reached a lightly polluted level; (2) there existed an obvious negative correlation between soil enzymatic activities and Pb and Cd contents in wastewater-irrigated soil, where the soil urease and catalase activities decreased obviously with the increase of Pb and Cd contents in soil. Therefore, the urease and catalase can be considered as biochemical indexes that reflect the degree of soil Pb and Cd pollution; (3) the pot experiments indicated that the influence of Cd on soil enzymatic activities was greater than that of Pb. Generally, the effect of Cd on soil phosphatase, urease, catalase is more obvious than that on invertase, while Pb has a more obvious effect on invertase than Cd; (4) pot experiments of triple cropping showed that, Cd and Pb had an obvious inhibiting effect on microbes. The influence sensitivity of Cd and Pb on different microbes was ordered as bacteria > actinomycete > fungus. Cd had a greater inhibiting effect on microbes than Pb, the influence of Cd and Pb on actinomycete and fungus was relatively smaller, therefore, bacteria can be chosen as an important index that reflects the effect of Cd and Pb on microbe sensitivity.