水分胁迫对云锦杜鹃光合生理和光温响应的影响

以盆栽5年生云锦杜鹃苗木为材料, 研究了不同强度土壤水分胁迫对其叶片某些光合生理特性及其对光温响应的影响。结果表明: 在轻度水分胁迫下净光合速率的下降由气孔限制引起, 而中度和重度胁迫下则由非气孔限制引起。在较高强度的水分胁迫下, 云锦杜鹃光补偿点和气孔阻力升高, 光饱和点、表观量子效率、最大净光合速率、Fv/Fm和蒸腾速率下降, 而暗呼吸速率先升后降, 胞间CO₂浓度先降后升, 高温加重了水分胁迫对光合作用的不利影响。     

做青强度对做青叶蛋白质组成、多酚氧化酶和酯酶同工酶谱的影响

以武夷肉桂品种鲜叶为原料,通过3种做青强度,对乌龙茶做青过程中做青叶内蛋白质及其SDS-PAGE、多酚氧化酶及其同工酶和酯酶同工酶进行了研究。结果表明,在做青过程中可溶性蛋白质含量及其各可溶性蛋白组分均呈下降趋势,且随做青强度增大而加快;而多酚氧化酶活性呈先上升后下降趋势,做青强度增加对多酚氧化酶有抑制作用;同工酶谱显示做青处理及萎凋处理均能促进多酚氧化酶E2同工酶活性的增强。酯酶同工酶各谱带活性在做青过程中活性均较强。文中对多酚氧化酶和多酚类物质与乌龙茶品质形成的关系进行了讨论,作者提出可以不导致做青叶细胞质膜通透性急剧增大,引起多酚类物质显著下降作为乌龙茶做青适度的生化指标之一。     

乌龙茶做青过程脂质过氧化作用及其对茶叶品质的影响

以肉桂品种鲜叶为原料,研究了做青强度对做青叶脂质过氧化作用和茶叶品质的影响。结果表明,摇青可以加速做青叶水分散失和可溶性蛋白质降解;摇青和自然萎凋均能促进MDA累积。在做青前期适当晒青和轻摇青可以提高SOD活力;重摇青降低SOD活力,进而O2.-产生速率加快,脂质过氧化加速,从而促进具有青草味的化合物散失,乌龙茶特征香气提高。     

花期干湿交替对玉米干物质积累与再分配的影响

通过干湿交替处理模拟花期季节性干旱,研究了不同的土层厚度、干旱强度对不同基因型玉米干物质积累与再分配的影响。结果表明,花期严重干旱促使叶片急剧衰老,但根系发育相对稳定,以尽可能地维持茎秆正常生长,从而导致叶片（根）所贮藏干物质转移至果穗的百分率比轻度干旱增加8.48个百分点,茎秆原贮藏干物质转移至果穗的     

Evaluation of Dietary Fishmeal Analogue with Addition of Shrimp Soluble Extract on Growth and Nonspecific Immune Response of Rainbow Trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss

A 12‐wk feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of the dietary fishmeal analogue (FMA) adding 2% shrimp soluble extract (SSE) on growing rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish averaging 146 ± 3.8 g (mean ± SD) were randomly distributed into 500‐L aquaria as groups of 20 fish per tank. Fish were fed the experimental diets in triplicate groups to apparent satiation twice a day on a dry matter basis. Each group was fed one of the four experimental diets: control (FM100% + FMA0%), FMA₀ (FM100% + FMA0% + SSE2%), FMA₁₂ (FM88% + FMA12% + SSE2%), and FMA₂₄ (FM76% + FMA24% + SSE2%). After the feeding trial, weight gain and specific growth rate of fish fed the FMA₀ and FMA₁₂ diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the FMA₂₄ diet (P < 0.05). Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio values of fish fed the control, FMA₀, and FMA₁₂ diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the FMA₂₄ diet (P < 0.05). The values of superoxide dismutase activity showed significantly higher amounts for the FMA₀, FMA₁₂, and FMA₂₄ groups than the control group (P < 0.05). Lysozyme activity in the FMA₁₂ group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Therefore, according to our results, FMA with additive SSE can be used up to 12% as a substitute of fishmeal for growing rainbow trout.     

磷酸法颗粒活性炭对无水乙醇的吸附性能

采用磷酸活化法制备木质颗粒活性炭,并探讨其对无水乙醇的吸附性能。结果表明,随着捏合温度、捏合时间、浸渍比、活化温度和保温时间的增加,活性炭的乙醇吸附率呈先升后降的趋势。在较佳生产工艺:捏合温度130℃,捏合时间60min,浸渍比1.25,活化温度450℃和保温时间1.0 h下,颗粒活性炭的乙醇吸附率为63.38%。     

巴西绿蜂胶和红蜂胶对牙科病作用的介绍

我国是养蜂大国,蜂胶资源丰富。蜂胶是工蜂从植物幼芽和树干破伤处采集的树脂,混入上颚腺分泌物等加工而成的一种具有芳香气味和黏性的固体物质。其来源于植物,并由蜜蜂采集加工而成,主要用来填补蜂箱裂隙、缩小巢门、包埋小动物尸体、抑制病虫害和蜂箱内微生物的生长等。蜂胶被发现有多种用途,是一种具有广泛生物学活性的天然抗菌药物。目前蜂胶产品在牙科医学领域的使用也有所增加。     

武汉地区子莲品种比较试验

对7个子莲品种进行了对比试验,结果表明,满天星鲜果实绿色,莲蓬扁平,鲜果实单粒质量4.2 g,平均心皮数为35个,平均饱粒数为28个,折合每1 hm~2产量达到5 145.5 kg,是本试验中综合性状表现最好的子莲品种,适宜在武汉地区推广种植。     

Establishment and identification of mito-cpYFP cDNA transgenic mice and preliminary studies on distribution of free radicals

AIM:To establish a transgenic animal model for real-time and dynamic detection of free radicals in vivo by expressing circularly permuted yellow fluorescent protein (cpYFP), which acts as a superoxide sensor in the living cells. METHODS:The plasmid of pRP(Exp)-CAGG>mito-cpYFP containing mitochondria-targeted cpYFP (mito-cpYFP) gene was microinjected into fertilized eggs from C57BL/6 mice. The breeding mice was identified by the methods of PCR, RT-PCR and fluorescence observation. RESULTS:The results of PCR, RT-PCR and fluorescence observation indicated that mito-cpYFP cDNA transgenic mouse model was established successfully. By mating with wild-type C57BL/6 mice, 3 generations of transgenic mice were obtained in a total number of 494. The number of cpYFP positive mice was 255, and the positive rate was 51.6%. Green fluorescence was observed in the cpYFP positive mice. The fluorescence in the wounds, intestines, brains and oral mucosa was obviously stronger than that in the kidney, liver and thymus. The fluorescence occurred in symphysis pubis and bladders, but disappeared in half an hour. CONCLUSION:A transgenic mouse strain that stably expresses and inherits mito-cpYFP was successfully constructed. Free radicals are mainly distributed in the mucosal layer in vivo according to fluorescence observation of mito-cpYFP cDNA transgenic mice. This model might be applied to study the content and distribution of superoxygen anion free radical in vivo. It might provide an effective approach for subsequent studies on free radical signaling pathways.     

王老吉茶渣栽培双孢蘑菇的综合评价

以王老吉茶渣为主要原料,采用随机区组设计的方法,按不同比例混合成3种基质处理,研究3种处理方法对双孢蘑菇产量、品质以及经济效益的影响。结果表明:处理2(主料80%杏鲍菇菌渣、20%王老吉茶渣)栽培双孢蘑菇产量为15.62kg·m~(-2),生物学效率为26.03%,比处理1(对照,主料100%杏鲍菇菌渣)略低,但二者差异不显著。处理2利润为34.25元·m~(-2),比处理1提高0.69元·m~(-2),比处理3(主料100%王老吉茶渣)提高2.09元·m~(-2)。处理2的双孢蘑菇子实体蛋白质含量为29.9g·(100g)~(-1),比处理1提高7.55%。总氨基酸含量为23.56g·(100g)~(-1),比处理1提高7.14%。鲜味氨基酸含量为10.76g·(100g)~(-1),比处理1提高12.2%。这说明处理2的基质栽培双孢蘑菇产量高、经济效益高、营养价值好,味道更加鲜美,且重金属汞、铅、砷、镉含量均符合绿色食品要求。可在双孢蘑菇生产上推广使用。