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排序方式: 共有167条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
161.
Furr HC Green MH Haskell M Mokhtar N Nestel P Newton S Ribaya-Mercado JD Tang G Tanumihardjo S Wasantwisut E 《Public health nutrition》2005,8(6):596-607
Vitamin A deficiency is a major global public health problem. Among the variety of techniques that are available for assessing human vitamin A status, evaluating the provitamin A nutritional values of foodstuffs and estimating human vitamin A requirements, isotope dilution provides the most accurate estimates. Although the relative expense of isotope dilution restricts its applications, it has an important function as the standard of reference for other techniques. Mathematical modelling plays an indispensable role in the interpretation of isotope dilution data. This review summarises recent applications of stable isotope methodology to determine human vitamin A status, estimate human vitamin A requirements, and calculate the bioconversion and bioefficacy of food carotenoids. 相似文献
162.
Burdette JE Chen SN Lu ZZ Xu H White BE Fabricant DS Liu J Fong HH Farnsworth NR Constantinou AI Van Breemen RB Pezzuto JM Bolton JL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(24):7022-7028
The roots/rhizomes of Cimicifuga racemosa L. (Nutt.) (black cohosh) have traditionally been used to treat menopausal symptoms through an unknown mechanism of action. In an effort to determine if black cohosh had additional health benefits, methanol extracts were investigated for their potential to scavenge reactive oxygen species and to protect against menadione-induced DNA damage. These extracts effectively scavenged 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. In addition, the extracts showed dose-dependent decreases in DNA single-strand breaks and oxidized bases induced by the quinone menadione using the comet (single-cell gel electrophoresis assay) and fragment length associated repair enzyme assays, respectively. Bioassay-directed fractionation of the methanolic extracts using the DPPH assay as a monitor led to the isolation of nine antioxidant active compounds: caffeic acid (1), methyl caffeate (2), ferulic acid (3), isoferulic acid (4), fukinolic acid (5), cimicifugic acid A (6), cimicifugic acid B (7), cimicifugic acid F (8), cimiracemate A (9), and cimiracemate B (10). Six of these antioxidants were found to reduce menadione-induced DNA damage in cultured S30 breast cancer cells with the following order of potency: methyl caffeate (2) > caffeic acid (1) > ferulic acid (3) > cimiracemate A (9) > cimiracemate B (10) > fukinolic acid (5). These data suggest that black cohosh can protect against cellular DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species by acting as antioxidants. 相似文献
163.
Muller CB Ride SM Fouke J Whitney T Denton DD Cantor N Nelson DJ Plummer J Busch-Vishniac I Meyers C Rosser SV Schiebinger L Roberts E Burgess D Beeson C Metz SS Sanders L Watford BA Ivey ES Frank Fox M Wettack S Klawe M Wulf WA Girgus J Leboy PS Babco EL Shanahan B Didion C Chubin DE Frize M Ganter SL Nalley EA Franz J Abruña HD Strober MH Zimmer Daniels J Carter EA Rhodes JH Schrijver I Zakian VA Simons B Martin U Boaler J Jolluck KR Mankekar P Gray RM Conkey MW Stansky P Xie A Martin P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5712):1043
164.
Simmons G Glynn SA Komaroff AL Mikovits JA Tobler LH Hackett J Tang N Switzer WM Heneine W Hewlett IK Zhao J Lo SC Alter HJ Linnen JM Gao K Coffin JM Kearney MF Ruscetti FW Pfost MA Bethel J Kleinman S Holmberg JA Busch MP;Blood XMRV Scientific Research Working Group 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6057):814-817
Murine leukemia viruses (MLVs), including xenotropic-MLV-related virus (XMRV), have been controversially linked to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). To explore this issue in greater depth, we compiled coded replicate samples of blood from 15 subjects previously reported to be XMRV/MLV-positive (14 with CFS) and from 15 healthy donors previously determined to be negative for the viruses. These samples were distributed in a blinded fashion to nine laboratories, which performed assays designed to detect XMRV/MLV nucleic acid, virus replication, and antibody. Only two laboratories reported evidence of XMRV/MLVs; however, replicate sample results showed disagreement, and reactivity was similar among CFS subjects and negative controls. These results indicate that current assays do not reproducibly detect XMRV/MLV in blood samples and that blood donor screening is not warranted. 相似文献
165.
166.
A genome-wide association study identifies IL23R as an inflammatory bowel disease gene 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Duerr RH Taylor KD Brant SR Rioux JD Silverberg MS Daly MJ Steinhart AH Abraham C Regueiro M Griffiths A Dassopoulos T Bitton A Yang H Targan S Datta LW Kistner EO Schumm LP Lee AT Gregersen PK Barmada MM Rotter JI Nicolae DL Cho JH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5804):1461-1463
The inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are common, chronic disorders that cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal bleeding. To identify genetic factors that might contribute to these disorders, we performed a genome-wide association study. We found a highly significant association between Crohn's disease and the IL23R gene on chromosome 1p31, which encodes a subunit of the receptor for the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-23. An uncommon coding variant (rs11209026, c.1142G>A, p.Arg381Gln) confers strong protection against Crohn's disease, and additional noncoding IL23R variants are independently associated. Replication studies confirmed IL23R associations in independent cohorts of patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. These results and previous studies on the proinflammatory role of IL-23 prioritize this signaling pathway as a therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease. 相似文献
167.