不同氮营养水平对福鼎大白茶产量及品质的影响

通过田间试验,研究6种氮营养水平对福鼎大白茶茶产量和品质的影响.结果表明:不同氮营养水平能有效提高茶叶产量和品质,其中茶叶产量增产幅度为5％ ～18.81％,年施纯氮肥225 kg/hm2处理下茶鲜叶产量最高,发芽密度及百芽重较对照有明显提高;氨基酸增幅为4.40％～6.33％;茶多酚含量降低,平均降幅为1.60％;随着施氮量的增加,茶新梢酚氨比呈现下降趋势,其中年施纯氮肥225 kg/hm2处理下酚氨比值最低,仅为8.81.     

新农科背景下《动物遗传学》课程思政资源挖掘与应用

新农科建设提出以来,对涉农专业人才培养提出了更高的要求。《动物遗传学》作为畜牧专业主干基础课程,如何对课程思政资源进行有效挖掘和应用,实现知识和价值目标的有机融合,以适应新农科背景下对创新型畜牧人才培养的要求,是本课程组近年来一直探索并实践的方向。本文通过介绍课程组在结合遗传发展史中的重要事件、人物、生产实际案例以及最新科研成果,剖析思政资源与遗传知识的结合点,深入挖掘课程思政元素的教学实例,以期为动物遗传学的思政教学改革提供参考。     

铜缺乏对奶牛红细胞及组织细胞膜ATP酶活性的影响

为探讨铜缺乏对奶牛红细胞及组织细胞膜ATP活性的影响，在调查铜缺乏奶牛水土食物链微量元素状态的基础上，首次测度了病区6头发病犊奶牛（Ⅱ组）及该地区20头同年生临床健康奶牛（IH组，血清铜低于0.56mg/kg）红细胞膜Na^ -K^ -ATP酶、Ca^2 -ATP酶及Mg^2 -ATP酶的活性，对20头IH组奶牛进行为期80d的补铜试验（含铜40mg/kg干饲料），以20头健区同年生健康奶犊牛作为对照（HH组，全血铜大于０.85mg/L）。同时测试了剖杀后６头病牛及健康牛组织细胞膜ＡＴＰ酶的活性。结果表明：Ⅱ组奶牛红细胞膜ＡＴＰ酶活性显著低于ＨＨ组及ＩＨ组。补铜后４０d，ＩＨ组奶牛红细胞膜Na^ -K^ -ATP酶均显著升高，病牛肝、脾、肾、大脑、小脑、淋巴结等组织细胞膜Na^ -K^ -ATP酶、Ca^2 -ATP酶活性显著低于对照组。结论：铜缺乏较为严重地影响了奶牛红细胞及组织膜ＡＴＰ酶的活性，抑制了这些组织的正常生理功能。     

Ambient TSP concentration and dustfall variation in Urumqi,China

Total suspended particulate(TSP, particle diameter≤100 μm) was the dominant air pollutant and significantly influenced local air quality. In this paper, we investigated the interannual and seasonal variations of TSP and dustfall of the atmosphere over Urumqi, the capital city of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, northwestern China, basing on environmental monitoring records and meteorological data from 1986–2012. The results showed that during the study period, annual average TSP concentration decreased from 716 to 260 μg/m3, with an average level of 422.9 μg/m3, while dustfall intensity reduced from 350.4 to 166.6 t/(km2?a), with an average level of 259 t/(km2?a). Over 50% of the annual pollution days were induced mainly by TSP. Spring and winter had relatively higher dustfall intensities, and dense traffic and residential areas had the highest dustfall intensities in the Urumqi metropolitan area. With an annual average precipitation of less than 300 mm, atmospheric particulates in Urumqi could be hardly removed through wet deposition. During spring and summertime prevailing winds from northwest and northeast could carry aeolian dust particles from sandy deserts to Urumqi. Aeolian dusts from deserts would remain to be a priority regarding air pollution control in arid oasis cities.     

Impact of serial activation of embryonic pax2 and WT1 genes on transdifferentiation of renal tubular epithelial cells

AIM: To investigate the mechanisms of transdifferentiation of renal tubular epithelial cells by the observation of serial activation of embryonic pax2 and WT1 genes in chronic renal failure model of 5/6 nephrectomized injury. METHODS: Embryo of mice, cultured renal tubule cells and chronic renal failure rat model of 5/6 nephrectomized injury were established. The expressions of paired Box gene (pax2) and Willm’s tumor gene (WT1), as well as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a phenotype of mesenchymal cells, were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry techniques. RESULTS: (1) Expressions of pax2 and WT1 mRNA began at 11.5 d and 14 d of embryo and increased gradually, and expression in trace quantity at 2 weeks after birth. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that WT1 only expressed in the glomerular podocytes and expressions of pax2 and WT1 in adult renal tubular cells were negative. (2) Deno-expression of pax2 and WT1 in some tubular cells appeared at week 2 and peaked at week 4 in 5/6 nephrectomized rats, both showing a same trend of expression. However, pax2 showed another peak at week 10 afterwards. (3) Re-expressions of pax2 and WT1 in TEC at 0.5 and 24 h after treated with IL-1α (10 μg/L) or AngII (10-9 mol/L) were observed respectively, followed by upregulation of α-SMA expression, and mesenchymal cells characters were shown. The effects were inhibited by Ang II receptor 2 antagonist and WT1 antibody, respectively. CONCLUSION: Adult renal tubule cells acquire re-activation of embryonic pax2 and WT1 genes and phenotypes of mesenchymes when challenge with certain injuries. Deno-expression of pax2 and WT1 genes closely relates with high concentration of bioactive facors, such as AngII and IL-1, which are involved in the mechanisms of renal tubule cells transdifferentiation.     

Screening differentially expressed genes involved in apoptosis of primary cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons by mRNA differential display RT-PCR

AIM: To Screen and identify differentially expressed genes that involved in apoptosis model in rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs).METHODS: The rat cerebellar granule neurons were isolated and primarily cultured.Fluorescent differential display RT-PCR (FDD RT-PCR) was performed to screen differentially expressed ESTs in the apoptosis model of primarily cultured rat CGNs.ESTs were subcloned into pGEM-T EasyTM vector and then sequenced.Alignment assay in non-redunant database was applied for encoding information.Reverse Northern blotting was used to appraise the results from DDRT-PCR.RESULTS: 164 pieces of differentially expressed ESTs were obtained by FDDRT-PCR.17 of them were subcloned and sequenced.5 ESTs of 17 were confirmed to be positive results by reverse Northern blotting.CONCLUSION: DD-PCR is a rapid,simple-operation and sensitive method for screening differentially expressed genes,which would contribute to the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis/survive of CGNs.     

ELISA法测定番茄茎叶中的褪黑素含量

为了研究植物内源褪黑素与植物抗性的关系,以4叶1心的番茄幼苗为试验材料,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法测定正常番茄、鱼腥草提取液和灰霉菌侵染后的番茄茎叶中的褪黑素含量。结果表明:番茄叶片和茎的褪黑素含量分别为14.53、2.80 ng/g,二者之间差异极显著,叶片的褪黑素含量是茎的5.19倍;经鱼腥草提取液预处理和灰霉菌侵染后,番茄叶片的褪黑素含量显著增加,鱼腥草提取液预处理有助于减轻番茄叶片上的灰霉病发病症状,但并不依赖于叶片内源褪黑素含量的增加。可以检出的番茄茎叶中的褪黑素含量高于2.60 ng/g,就灵敏度而言,ELISA法完全可以用来检测番茄的组织器官的褪黑素含量。     

陕西渭北旱源地区葡萄节水施肥与栽培技术研究

介绍了在海拔700～1000m高度且无灌溉条件的陕西渭北旱塬地区葡萄的节水施肥和"V"形架栽培技术,并将其与水肥条件良好的平原地区做了比较。结果表明:在陕西渭北旱塬地区使用黑地膜覆盖技术和施肥枪施肥技术,不但节约水肥,而且经济效益显著,值得推广应用。     

利川市山区马铃薯规模化种植的实践与思考

为了探索出一种独具特色的马铃薯规范化、规模化种植模式,基于利川市山区马铃薯规模化种植基地建设情况,结合利川市实际情况,按照优质高效、农旅融合的农业高质量发展要求,对推进马铃薯规模化种植的经验进行总结,提出加强科技支撑、优化发展模式、做好新型职业农民培训、创新管理模式、强化品牌效应的建议。     

奶牛乳房炎发泡药剂的研究Ⅱ.发泡药剂的研制与动物试验

研究了奶牛乳房炎发泡药剂的制备方法及其质量控制标准。该药剂是以碳酸氢钠和枸橼酸作发泡剂，研制药物的发泡量为原药液体积的8-12倍。经动物乳房给药试验证实，该药剂安全、无刺激性、在乳腺内分布效果明显优于常规剂型，室温保存有效期为2年。