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排序方式: 共有199条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
82.
PAMELA G. WHITING dvm EUGENE M. BREZNOCK dvm PhD Dipiomateacvs PETER MOORE bvsc PhD LARRY KERR dvm BRUCE BERGER dvm CLARE GREGORY dvm Dipiomateacvs WILLIAM HORNOF dvm ms 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1986,15(2):171-180
A technique for temporary hepatic vascular occlusion during partial hepatectomy for hepatic arteriovenous (AV) fistulas in the dog is presented in seven dogs, and three additional cases of hepatic AV fistulas are reviewed. Hematologic, serum biochemical, radiologic, and nuclear scintigraphic parameters before and after surgery are discussed; abnormalities included anemia, hypoproteinemia, leukocytosis, increased liver function tests, retrograde filling of the portal vein during celiac angiography, and increased arteriovenous ratios during nuclear scintigraphy. Hemodynamic and pathologic findings are presented, and portal hypertension and secondary multiple portosystemic shunts are described. Clinical improvement was observed in four dogs with follow-up periods ranging from 5 months to 3 years. 相似文献
83.
B. DUNCAN X. LASCELLES BSc BVSc PhD MRCVS CertVA CertSAS PETER J. CRIPPS BVSc PhD MRCVS ALAN JONES BSc AVRIL E. WATERMAN-PEARSON BVSc PhD FRCVS FRCA DVA Diplomate ECVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(6):568-582
Objective —To determine what effect the timing of carprofen administration has on the severity of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy and to investigate the pharmacokinetics of carprofen under these conditions. Study Design —A prospective, randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. Animals —Sixty-two adult bitches weighing between 10 and 25 kgs, undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Methods —Examinations were performed for 20 hours postoperatively using subjective visual assessment scoring systems (DIVAS) and objective mechanical nociceptive threshold measurements. Forty dogs were assigned to one of three groups: (1) preoperative carprofen; (2) postoperative carprofen; and (3) no analgesics (saline injections). The dose of carprofen was 4.0 mg/kg subcutaneously. In another 22 bitches, the pharmacokinetics of carprofen given preoperatively or postoperatively at the same dose were examined. Results —The dogs given carprofen preoperatively had lower pain scores than the other groups, significantly so at 2 hours postextubation (P < .01 and P < .05, Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Dunn's). Mechanical pain thresholds measured at the distal tibia showed the development of hyperalgesia at 12 and 20 hours postextubation; this was prevented by both the preoperative (P < .05 at 12 and 20 hours, Kruskal-Wallis) and postoperative (P <.05 at 20 hours, Kruskal-Wallis) administration of carprofen. Mechanical pain threshold testing at the wound showed a significant analgesic effect of carprofen. Plasma concentrations of carprofen were not directly related to analgesia; maximum plasma concentration, the area under the curve to the last data point, and area under the first moment curve up to the last data point were all significantly higher in the dogs given carprofen postoperatively (P < .05, Mann-Whitney). Conclusion—Preoperative administration of carprofen has a greater analgesic effect than postoperative administration in the early postoperative period in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Plasma levels of carprofen are not related to the degree of analgesia achieved. Clinical Relevance—Carprofen provides effective analgesia after canine ovariohysterectomy. The timing of analgesic administration is important to optimize the control of postoperative pain. 相似文献
84.
85.
PETER T. KENDALL DAVID W. HOLME PHILIP M. SMITH 《The Journal of small animal practice》1982,23(9):577-587
Comparative net digestive and absorptive efficiency was assessed with adult Beagles and domestic cats by apparent digestibility assays. Eight foods were used comprising two canned dog foods; canned cat foods; two samples of semipurified diet; and single samples of experimental dry cat food and fresh mince. Apparent digestibility percentages of crude protein, fat, nitrogen-free extract (NFE) and gross energy were all significantly higher in dogs than cats. Mean values obtained for dogs were (per cent): crude protein 87; fat 92; NFE 70 and energy 89. Respective values for cats were 82, 76, 67 and 79. On average, dogs obtained 11 and 9 per cent more digestible energy and protein per unit food eaten than cats. Most digestibility characteristics of foods measured in cats were significantly correlated with those for dogs and regression equations are presented predicting digestibility in cats from dog data. 相似文献
86.
Clinical and radiographic findings in three dogs with intestinal ruptures and four dogs with rupture of the gallbladder or bile ducts are described. In both types of injuries the onset of clinical signs was insidious, and the initial signs were masked by acute disorders such as bruises, fractures, pneumothorax or abdominal haemorrhage. With rupture of the gallbladder or bile ducts, there was listlessness, abdominal enlargement, icterus and clay-coloured stool. Diffuse peritonitis was seen radiographically. Paracentesis an danalysis of the abdominal fluid for bilirubin substantiated the diagnosis. Radiographically, ruptures of the intestine showed localized peritonitis and abnormal arrangement of the loops. Adhesions between intestines and omentum sealed off the ruptures, and only small amounts of intestinal contents leaked into the abdomen. Little or no free gas was seen on abdominal radiographs. Gas was sometimes trapped in pouches formed by the adhesions. In these rare injuries, prolonged observation of the patients and awareness of the clinical and radiographic findings are necessary to make an accurate diagnosis. Résumé. Résultats des examens cliniques et radiologiques de trois chiens de rupture intestinale et de quatre animaux présentant une rupture de la vésicule biliaire ou des voies biliaires. Dans les deux types de lésion le début des signes cliniques était insidieux et le tableau clinique masqué par les manifestations aiguës: contusions, fractures, pneumothorax ou hémorragie abdominale. Dans le cas de rupture de la vésicule ou des voies biliaires, on observe de l'apathie, une augmentation de volume de l'abdomen, de l'ictère et des selles de couleur argile. Les radiographies montrent une péritonite diffuse. La paracentèse et l'examen du liquide péritonéal (recherche de bilirubine) confirment le diagnostic. La rupture de l'intestin se traduit radiologiquement par une péritonite localisée et des anomalies de disposition des anses intestinales. Les adhérences entre celles-ci et l'épiploon assurent l'occlusion des ruptures, une quantité réduite de liquide s'épanchait ainsi dans la cavité abdominale; les radiographies de l'abdomen ne montrait que peu, ou pas du tout de gaz libre, qui parfois se localisait dans les poches formées par les adhérences. Au cours de ces lésions traumatiques une observation prolongée des sujets et la connaissance des signes cliniques et radiologiques sont nécessaires pour poser un diagnostic correct. Zusammenfassung. Klinische und radiographische Befunde an drei Hunden mit Eingeweiderissen und an vier Hunden mit Rissen der Gallenblase oder der äusseren Gallenwege werden beschrieben. Bei beiden Typen von Verletzungen war das Einsetzen der klinischen Merkmale insidiös, und die ersten Anzeichen wurden durch akute Erscheinungen wie Quet-schungen, Frakturen, Pneumothorax oder abdominale Blutungen verdeckt. Beim Riss der Gallenblase oder der Gallengänge wurden Mattigkeit, Hervortreten des Bauches, Ikterus und lehmfarbener Kot beobachtet. Radiographisch wurde diffuse Peritonitis festgestellt. Paracentese und die Analyse der Bauchflüssigkeit auf Bilirubin bestätigten die Diagnose. Radiographisch zeigten Eingeweiderisse lokalisierte Peritonitis und anomale Anordnung der Darmschlingen. Adhäsionen zwischen Därmen und Omentum verschlossen die Rupturen, und nur kleine Mengen des Darminhalts gelangten in die Bauchhöhle. Die Röntgenaufnahmen der Bauchhöhle zeigten wenig oder kein freies Gas. Manchmal wurde Gas in den von den Adhäsionen geformten Taschen festgehalten. Bei diesen seltenen Verletzungen sind längere Beobachtung der Patienten und die Kenntnis der klinischen und radiographischen Befunde für eine genaue Diagnose notwendig. 相似文献
87.
A case of feline spontaneous diabetes mellitus with an absolute deficiency of insulin is presented. The characteristic hypertrophy of the Islets and hyalinosis is described and compared to the disease in dogs.
Résumé. On présente un cas de diabète sucré spontané chez un chat, avec une insuffisance totale d'insuline. L'hypertrophie caractéristique des îlots et l'hyalinose sont décrites et comparées avec les lésions observées chez le chien.
Zusammenfassung. Ein Fall von spontanem Diabetes mellitus mit absolutem Insulinmangel wird beschrieben. Die charakteristische Hypertrophie der Inseln und Hyalinose werden beschrieben und mit der Krankheit bei Hunden verglichen. 相似文献
Résumé. On présente un cas de diabète sucré spontané chez un chat, avec une insuffisance totale d'insuline. L'hypertrophie caractéristique des îlots et l'hyalinose sont décrites et comparées avec les lésions observées chez le chien.
Zusammenfassung. Ein Fall von spontanem Diabetes mellitus mit absolutem Insulinmangel wird beschrieben. Die charakteristische Hypertrophie der Inseln und Hyalinose werden beschrieben und mit der Krankheit bei Hunden verglichen. 相似文献
88.
JEAN-MICHEL E. VANDEWEERD DVM DES Cert ES ROLAND PERRIN DVM Diplomate ECVS THOMAS LAUNOIS DVM Diplomate ECVS LAURENT BROGNIEZ DVM SIMON GEHIN DVM PETER D. CLEGG MA VetMB Cert EO Diplomate ECVS MRCVS FRANCIS G. DESBROSSE DVM Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(3):373-379
Objectives— To compare the precision of radiography and computed tomography (CT) preoperatively in the standing position for identification of guidelines for screw insertion in the distal phalanx, and to identify whether standing CT might improve operative time compared with preoperative radiographic planning.
Study Design— Experimental ex vivo study.
Animals— Cadaveric equine thoracic limb pairs (n=10).
Methods— Insertion of a 4.5 mm cortex screw in lag fashion into an intact distal phalanx was evaluated in 2 groups (n=10) of cadaveric equine thoracic limbs. In 1 group, the site, direction, and length of the implant were determined by radiography, and in the other group, by CT. Accuracy of screw placement was verified by specimen dissection. Outcomes were (1) absence of penetration of the articular surface, the solar surface, or the semilunar canal (2) appropriate length and direction of the screw. Surgical time was also measured.
Results— No screw penetrated the articular surface, the solar surface, or the semilunar canal in either group. CT was more accurate to identify guidelines for screw insertion (U=23.50, P =.049). With CT, surgical time (mean, 7.7 minutes) was significantly shorter (U=0.000, P =.000) than with radiography (mean, 12.7 minutes).
Conclusion— Standing CT can be used to accurately determine anatomic landmarks for screw insertion in lag fashion in sagittal fractures of the distal phalanx.
Clinical Relevance— This study has a clear clinical relevance for improved internal fixation of sagittal fractures of the distal phalanx. 相似文献
Study Design— Experimental ex vivo study.
Animals— Cadaveric equine thoracic limb pairs (n=10).
Methods— Insertion of a 4.5 mm cortex screw in lag fashion into an intact distal phalanx was evaluated in 2 groups (n=10) of cadaveric equine thoracic limbs. In 1 group, the site, direction, and length of the implant were determined by radiography, and in the other group, by CT. Accuracy of screw placement was verified by specimen dissection. Outcomes were (1) absence of penetration of the articular surface, the solar surface, or the semilunar canal (2) appropriate length and direction of the screw. Surgical time was also measured.
Results— No screw penetrated the articular surface, the solar surface, or the semilunar canal in either group. CT was more accurate to identify guidelines for screw insertion (U=23.50, P =.049). With CT, surgical time (mean, 7.7 minutes) was significantly shorter (U=0.000, P =.000) than with radiography (mean, 12.7 minutes).
Conclusion— Standing CT can be used to accurately determine anatomic landmarks for screw insertion in lag fashion in sagittal fractures of the distal phalanx.
Clinical Relevance— This study has a clear clinical relevance for improved internal fixation of sagittal fractures of the distal phalanx. 相似文献
89.
FLORIAN GEBUREK DrMedVet ANNA K. RÖTTING DrMedVet PhD Diplomate ACVS & ECVS PETER M. STADLER Prof DrMedVet 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(3):310-317
Objective— To assess agreement between ultrasonography (transcutaneous and transrectal) and standing radiography in horses with fractures in the pelvic region and disorders of the coxofemoral joint.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Warmblood horses (n=23) and 2 ponies.
Methods— Medical records (1999–2008) of equids with pelvic or coxofemoral disorders that had pelvic radiography and ultrasonography were retrieved and results of both techniques compared.
Results— Radiography and ultrasonography each identified equal numbers of fractures of the tuber coxa (n=4), ilial shaft (2), ischium (3), femoral neck (2), and osteoarthritis/osis of the coxofemoral joint (6). Fractures of the ilial wing (4) were only identified by ultrasonography not by standing radiography. Of 9 acetabular fractures, 3 were identified on radiographs only, 5 were identified with both modalities. One pubic fracture was identified using ultrasonography and radiography. One acetabular and 1 pubic fracture were only diagnosed on necropsy.
Conclusions— We found reasonable agreement (73%; 24/33) between ultrasonography and standing radiography for diagnosis of pelvic–femoral disorders. Ultrasonography was more useful for ilial wing fractures and radiography for acetabular fractures.
Clinical Relevance— Ultrasonography is a rapid, safe imaging technique for detecting disorders of the pelvic region with a high diagnostic yield and is a preferred initial approach in horses with severe hindlimb lameness. 相似文献
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Warmblood horses (n=23) and 2 ponies.
Methods— Medical records (1999–2008) of equids with pelvic or coxofemoral disorders that had pelvic radiography and ultrasonography were retrieved and results of both techniques compared.
Results— Radiography and ultrasonography each identified equal numbers of fractures of the tuber coxa (n=4), ilial shaft (2), ischium (3), femoral neck (2), and osteoarthritis/osis of the coxofemoral joint (6). Fractures of the ilial wing (4) were only identified by ultrasonography not by standing radiography. Of 9 acetabular fractures, 3 were identified on radiographs only, 5 were identified with both modalities. One pubic fracture was identified using ultrasonography and radiography. One acetabular and 1 pubic fracture were only diagnosed on necropsy.
Conclusions— We found reasonable agreement (73%; 24/33) between ultrasonography and standing radiography for diagnosis of pelvic–femoral disorders. Ultrasonography was more useful for ilial wing fractures and radiography for acetabular fractures.
Clinical Relevance— Ultrasonography is a rapid, safe imaging technique for detecting disorders of the pelvic region with a high diagnostic yield and is a preferred initial approach in horses with severe hindlimb lameness. 相似文献
90.
PETER V. SCRIVANI SEAN R. FREER CURTIS W. DEWEY SOFIA CERDA-GONZALEZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2009,50(3):269-275
The cerebrospinal fluid signal-void sign is an observable signal loss from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), especially on T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. In people, this sign is attributed to rapid CSF flow or turbulence from arterial pulsations and occurs more frequently with reduced intracranial compliance. The purposes of this study were to describe the CSF signal-void sign, document whether a similar sign occurs in dogs and investigate associations between it and other conditions. The sample population consisted of 327 dogs admitted for neurocranium evaluation using a 0.2 T system. Review of the medical records and MR images was performed to characterize the presence and location of a CSF signal-void sign, ventricular size, syringomyelia, and other lesions. A CSF signal-void sign was detected in at least the mesencephalic aqueduct in 59/327 (18.0%) dogs, including some with no morphologic brain abnormality. The majority of these dogs (45/59% or 76%) weighed <15 kg. In two other dogs, a CSF signal-void sign was detected only in a cervical syrinx. In dogs weighing >15 kg, a CSF signal-void sign was seen with various conditions. In 137/327 (41.9%) dogs weighing <15 kg, the presence of a CSF signal-void sign in the aqueduct (45 dogs) was associated with syringomyelia ( P =0.0468) and increased ventricular size ( P =0.0054): syringomyelia also was associated with increased ventricular size ( P =0.0009). In conclusion, a CSF signal-void sign was seen in dogs with various conditions. In small-breed dogs, a CSF signal-void sign in the aqueduct was associated with ventricular enlargement and syringomyelia. 相似文献