影响广东省甘蔗产量气象条件分析

通过对广东省多年甘蔗产量与气象条件关系的研究,找出影响广东甘蔗产量的关键气象因子和关键时段,并建立产量预测模型.结果表明:春秋降水、春夏秋相时湿度和夏季大风(台风)等气象因素与广东甘蔗产量关系最为密切,这一研究结果为广东甘蔗发展及合理利用广东气候资源提供了科学依据.     

From the drawing board to the field: an example for establishing an MPA in Penghu,Taiwan

• 1. In order to promote the establishment of the first marine protected area (MPA) in Taiwan, the conservation values of 12 reef sites in the Penghu Islands were evaluated. The results together with a 6‐year surveillance programme revealed that the Chinwan Inner Bay (CIB) possesses the best coral community in the Penghu Islands with the highest coral cover, high species diversity and habitat types, as well as a high conservation value.
• 2. Utilization of biological resources and socio‐economic factors of CIB were investigated by intensive field surveys and a complete visit‐and‐poll survey respectively. Most of the fishing at CIB is for recreational purposes and is characterized by low investment, low harvest rates, high dependence on weather conditions, and self‐consumption.
• 3. The socio‐economic data showed that there was basically no direct conflict of interests with local communities at two neighbouring villages, and most local residents indicated that they would support the MPA proposal.
• 4. A blueprint for a CIB MPA based on the results of these biological and socio‐economic investigations is proposed. Environmental threats including anchor damage and the predation of Drupella snails need to be ameliorated and monitored through the implementation of appropriate management. The involvement of local communities is key to the success of this MPA and environmental education is recommended to promote public awareness.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

1966-2017年贵州省降雨侵蚀力的时空分布特征

[目的] 分析贵州省1966—2017年降雨侵蚀力R值的时空演变规律,为评估该地区降雨对土壤侵蚀的防治、制定水土保持措施及农业生产规划提供参考。[方法] 基于贵州省33个气象站点1966—2017年的日降雨资料,利用克里金插值法、经验正交函数（EOF）方法、Mann-Kendall检验、Morlet小波分析法等,对贵州省52 a的降雨侵蚀力R值的时空特征进行了分析。[结果] ①EOF分析方法可以较好地解释降水侵蚀力的时空分布特征,其前两个特征向量累计贡献率达52%,揭示了贵州省降雨侵蚀力全局型和东西反向型两种典型的分布模态。分析特征向量所对应的时间系数可得,贵州省的降水侵蚀力主要表现为全省全年偏大、全省全年偏小、东大西小、东小西大4种类型;②贵州省降雨侵蚀力R值年内主要受汛期降雨影响,全省各县市汛期降雨侵蚀力R值均占全年总量的60%以上;③在年际变化上,降雨侵蚀力R值存在多突变的现象,1971—1981年突变频率最为频繁。通过周期检验发现其变化主周期为28 a,次周期分别为12 a和6 a。[结论] 贵州省降雨侵蚀力的时空分布与降雨量的时空分布趋势近似,整体呈现南部大北部小,夏季大冬季小的趋势,在未来几年内降雨侵蚀力R值有上升的趋势。     

京津冀地区植被NDVI动态变化及其与气候因子的关系

[目的] 探究气候变化对植被覆盖变化的驱动机制,可为揭示区域乃至全球植被覆盖动态变化及其与气候变化之间的响应机制提供依据。[方法] 以MODIS NDVI,SRTM DEM,降水和气温为数据源,运用Theil-Sen Median趋势分析法、Mann-Kendall显著性检验法、R/S分析法和Pearson相关分析法等数学分析方法,结合ANUSPLIN气象插值模型,研究2001—2019年京津冀地区植被NDVI时空演变特征及预测未来变化趋势,并探究植被NDVI与降水和气温最大相关关系及时滞效应。[结果] ①2001—2019年京津冀地区植被NDVI整体呈波动上升趋势,上升速率为0.002 2/a,且未来植被NDVI呈改善趋势的面积略小于呈退化趋势的面积;②降水和气温对京津冀地区植被生长以正向促进作用为主,且降水对植被生长的作用强度高于气温;③植被NDVI对降水变化的滞后期略长于气温,京津冀地区植被生长受前3月的降水和前1月的气温影响最大。[结论] 在林业生态工程实施背景下,2001—2019年京津冀地区植被覆盖整体呈改善态势,尤以西北部为著;植被NDVI与降水和气温相关关系呈现出明显的地域差异,且植被生长相对降水和气温变化存在一定的滞后效应。     

我国楠属种质资源分布现状及主要种特征差异

对福建、江西、浙江、湖南、湖北、贵州、重庆、四川、海南、云南及广西11省(自治区、直辖市)70个县(区、市)的楠属(Phoebe)树种种质资源进行详细调查,记录楠属种质资源分布、群落现状、木材利用及人工造林情况,对种质资源进行收集保存,并详细介绍主要树种的特征差异。调查发现,中国楠属树种资源主要分布在长江流域及以南地区,其中紫楠(P.sheareri)、闽楠(P.bournei)及白楠(P.neurantha)分布范围最广;综合比较生长速度和适应性,广西适宜推广种植的楠属树种有闽楠、桢楠(P.zhennan)及崖楠(P.yaiensis)。     

流沙湾海域勒氏枝鳔石首鱼生物学性状的初步研究

在2013年1—12月渔业资源调查数据的基础上,研究了流沙湾海域勒氏枝鳔石首鱼的体长分布、体长-体质量的关系、肥满度月变化、饵料组成、摄食强度和营养级等生物学特性。结果表明:流沙湾海域枝鳔石首鱼体长82~145 mm,优势体长组为116~125 mm和106~115 mm;体长(L)-体质量(W)关系方程为:W=0.0242L~(2.9564)(R~2=0.9471);肥满度最大值出现在2月份,最小值出现在7月;枝鳔石首鱼的饵料组成以甲壳类为主要类群。枝鳔石首鱼的空胃率随季节变化显著(P0.05),在冬季最大,春季达到最小,饱满度指数在秋季最高,冬季最低;营养级变化范围在2.69~3.11,平均营养级为2.94。     

多功能电话电路设计

设计了一种多功能电话电路，能够防止他人非法串线盗打和窃听电话，通过单片机控制自动存储并显示电话号码和所打电话的时刻及用时，且可通过打印机接口打印以上信息。     

Genetic analysis of vesicular stomatitis virus-New Jersey from the 1995 outbreak in the western United States

OBJECTIVE: To compare molecular associations between the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-New Jersey isolates of the 1995 outbreak with those from previous outbreaks between 1982 and 1985 in the western United States. SAMPLE POPULATION: 23 virus isolates considered representative of the 1995 outbreak of vesicular stomatitis. PROCEDURE: Viral gene coding for surface-envelope protein G was evaluated by use of nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: Changes in up to 0.77% of the nucleotide bases and 1.35% of the amino acids were detected among the 1995 viral isolates, whereas changes in up to 3.2 and 2.9% of the nucleotides and amino acids, respectively, were found, compared with the 1982 to 1985 viruses. Insertions or deletions were not found in the entire gene, which spanned 1,554 nucleotide bases. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the 1995 VSV-New Jersey belongs to a lineage distinct from that of the 1982 to 1985 viruses that caused previous outbreaks in the western United States. Furthermore, it also is distinct from strains from Central America and from the Georgian Hazelhurst strain.     

特殊战士——总后武汉后方基地军犬训练队的故事

培养军犬每战必赢的精神 　　5月28日7时许,武汉北郊.晨曦微露,寒意料峭,在总后武汉后方基地军犬训练队的操场上,声声犬吠划破了寂静的天空.……     

早金香梨抗黑星病鉴定及组织结构与抗病关系研究

对早金香梨新品系进行了人工接种梨黑星病病菌试验,鉴定结果为早金香梨高抗梨黑星病,为以后梨抗病育种和资源利用提供了依据.同时对其叶片组织结构进行了研究,发现早金香梨叶片的栅栏组织为2层、较厚,海绵组织致密,表皮蜡质也较厚,推断这些特性决定了黑星病菌分生孢子不易侵入叶片内部.起到了抵抗黑星病菌的作用,因而早金香梨不易感病,为梨抗黑星病育种提供了理论依据.