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31.
Kent MORI Satoshi SUZUKI Daisuke KOYABU Junpei KIMURA Sung-Yong HAN Hideki ENDO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(5):571-578
Although the sea otter (Enhydra lutris) is a complete aquatic species,
spending its entire life in the ocean, it has been considered morphologically to be a
semi-aquatic animal. This study aimed to clarify the unique hindlimb morphology and
functional adaptations of E. lutris in comparison to other Mustelidae
species. We compared muscle mass and bone measurements of five Mustelidae species: the sea
otter, Eurasian river otter (Lutra lutra), American mink
(Neovison vison), Japanese weasel (Mustela itatsi) and
Siberian weasel (M. sibirica). In comparison with the other 4 species,
E. lutris possessed significantly larger gluteus, popliteus and
peroneus muscles, but smaller adductor and ischiopubic muscles. The popliteus muscle may
act as a medial rotator of the crus, and the peroneus muscle may act as an abductor of the
fifth toe and/or the pronator of the foot. The bundles of the gluteus superficialis muscle
of E. lutris were fused with those of the tensor fasciae latae muscle and
gluteofemoralis muscles, and they may play a role in femur abduction. These results
suggest that E. lutris uses the abducted femur, medially rotated crus,
eversion of the ankle and abducted fifth digit or extended interdigital web as a powerful
propulsion generator. Therefore, we conclude that E. lutris is a complete
aquatic animal, possessing differences in the proportions of the hindlimb muscles compared
with those in other semi-aquatic and terrestrial mustelids. 相似文献
32.
Kazuyuki SUZUKI Toshio SHIMAMORI Ayano SATO Kenji TSUKANO Masakazu TSUCHIYA Jeffrey LAKRITZ 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):977-979
The aim of the present study was to compare the ability of the commercially available portable test system (PTSTM) to detect endotoxin activity in bovine serum, with that of the traditional LAL-kinetic turbidimetric (KT) and chromogenic (KC) assays. Prior to testing, serum samples, which were obtained from endotoxin-challenged cattle, were diluted 1:20 in endotoxin-free water and heated to 80°C for 10 min. The performance of the PTSTM was not significantly different from that of the traditional LAL-based assays. The results using PTSTM correlated with those using KT (r2=0.963, P<0.001) or KC assays (r2=0.982, P<0.001). Based on these findings, the PTSTM could be applied as a simplified system to assess endotoxin activity in bovine serum. 相似文献
33.
34.
Ryota MATSUYAMA Naotoshi KUNINAGA Tomoya MORIMOTO Tetsuya SHIBANO Akiko SUDO Kazunari SUDO Makoto ASANO Masatsugu SUZUKI Tetsuo ASAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1179-1181
Plesiomonas shigelloides is a causal agent of gastroenteritis, sepsis
and meningitis in humans. We examined the prevalence of P. shigelloides
among great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae) in Japan and the
antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. P. shigelloides was isolated
from 33 (47.8%) of 69 fecal samples from great cormorants in 2014. All 33 isolates were
subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution methods, which
showed resistance to ampicillin (31 isolates, 93.9%), tetracycline (two isolates, 6.1%)
and trimethoprim (one isolate, 3.0%). The high prevalence of P.
shigelloides in the great cormorants implicates the possible microbiological
risk to public health. 相似文献
35.
Kazuya KUSHIDA Urs GIGER Toshihiko TSUTSUI Megumi INABA Yoshio KONNO Kureha HAYASHI Kana NOGUCHI Akira YABUKI Keijiro MIZUKAMI Moeko KOHYAMA Yasuyuki ENDO Osamu YAMATO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(6):743-746
Erythrocyte pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is an inherited glycolytic erythroenzymopathy
caused by mutations of the PKLR gene. A causative mutation of the feline
PKLR gene was originally identified in Abyssinian and Somali cats in
the U.S.A. In the present study, a TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR genotyping assay was
developed and evaluated for rapid genotyping and large-scale screening for this mutation.
Furthermore, a genotyping survey was carried out in a population of four popular purebred
cats in Japan to determine the current mutant allele frequency. The assay clearly
displayed all genotypes of feline PK deficiency, indicating its suitability for
large-scale survey as well as diagnosis. The survey demonstrated that the mutant allele
frequency in Abyssinian and Somali cats was high enough to warrant measures to control and
prevent the disease. The mutant allele frequency was relatively low in Bengal and American
Shorthair cats; however, the testing should still be carried out to prevent the spread of
the disease. In addition, PK deficiency should always be considered in the differential
diagnosis of anemia in purebred cats in Japan as well as worldwide. 相似文献
36.
Yojiro YANAGAWA Yukiko MATSUURA Masatsugu SUZUKI Shin-ichi SAGA Hideto OKUYAMA Daisuke FUKUI Gen BANDO Masashi NAGANO Seiji KATAGIRI Yoshiyuki TAKAHASHI Toshio TSUBOTA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(1):61-66
Generally, sika deer conceive a single fetus, but approximately 80% of pregnant females have two corpora lutea (CLs). The function of the accessory CL (ACL) is unknown; moreover, the process of ACL formation is unclear, and understanding this is necessary to know its role. To elucidate the process of ACL formation, the ovarian dynamics of six adult Hokkaido sika deer females were examined ultrasonographically together with peripheral estradiol-17β and progesterone concentrations. ACLs formed in three females that conceived at the first estrus of the breeding season, but not in those females that conceived at the second estrus. After copulation, postconception ovulation of the dominant follicle of the first wave is induced by an increase in estradiol-17β, which leads to formation of an ACL. A relatively low concentration of progesterone after the first estrus of the breeding season is considered to be responsible for the increase in estradiol-17β after copulation. 相似文献
37.
Takafumi SUZUKI Naohito NISHII Satoshi TAKASHIMA Tatsuya MATSUBARA Atsushi IWASAWA Hirofumi TAKEUCHI Kohei TAHARA Tatsuyuki HACHISU Hitoshi KITAGAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1379-1383
Polyclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) G autoantibodies against insulin have been
identified in sera of healthy cats. We purified and fractionated insulin-binding IgGs from
cat sera by affinity chromatography and analyzed affinity of insulin-binding IgGs for
insulin and their epitopes. Following the passing of fraction A, which did not bind to
insulin, insulin-binding IgGs were eluted into two fractions, B and C, by affinity
chromatography using a column fixed with bovine insulin. Dissociation constant (KD) values
between insulin-binding IgGs and insulin, determined by surface plasmon resonance analysis
(Biacore™system), were 1.64e−4 M for fraction B (low affinity IgGs) and
2e−5 M for fraction C (high affinity IgGs). Epitope analysis was conducted
using 16 peptide fragments synthesized in concord with the amino acid sequence of feline
insulin by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fractions B and C showed higher
absorbance (affinity) of the peptide fragment of 10 amino acid residues at the
carboxyl-terminal of the B chain (peptide No. 19), followed by peptide fragments of 6 to
15 amino acid residues of the B chain (peptide No. 8). Fraction C showed a higher
absorbance to 7 to 16 amino acid residues of the B chain (peptide No. 5) compared with the
absorbance of fraction B. Polyclonal insulin-binding IgGs may form a macromolecule complex
with insulin through the multiple affinity sites of IgG molecules. Feline insulin-binding
IgGs are multifocal and may be composed of multiple IgG components and insulin. 相似文献
38.
Involvement of histone H2B monoubiquitination in the regulation of mouse preimplantation development
Masatoshi OOGA Masataka G. SUZUKI Fugaku AOKI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(3):179-184
Histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) plays an important role in developmental regulation in various vertebrate species. However, the role of H2Bub1 in mammalian preimplantation development remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the role of H2Bub1 in the regulation of mouse preimplantation development. Based on immunocytochemical analysis using an anti-H2Bub1 antibody, no H2Bub1 signal was detected in the metaphase chromosomes of unfertilized oocytes or the pronuclei of early 1-cell stage embryos, but a weak signal was observed in late 1-cell stage embryos. The signal increased after cleavage into the 2-cell stage, and thereafter a strong signal was observed until the blastocyst stage. To assess the significance of H2Bub1 in the regulation of preimplantation development, RNF20 (an H2B-specific ubiquitin E3 ligase) was knocked down using small interfering RNA (siRNAs). In embryos treated with siRNA, the levels of Rnf20 mRNA and H2Bub1 decreased
at the 4-cell and morula stages. Although these embryos developed normally until the morula stage, only one-third developed into the blastocyst stage. These results suggested that H2Bub1 is involved in the regulation of preimplantation development. 相似文献
39.
40.
Genetic analysis of fat‐to‐protein ratio,milk yield and somatic cell score of Holstein cows in Japan in the first three lactations by using a random regression model
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Akiko Nishiura Osamu Sasaki Mitsuo Aihara Hisato Takeda Masahiro Satoh 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(12):961-969
We estimated the genetic parameters of fat‐to‐protein ratio (FPR) and the genetic correlations between FPR and milk yield or somatic cell score in the first three lactations in dairy cows. Data included 3 079 517 test‐day records of 201 138 Holstein cows in Japan from 2006 to 2011. Genetic parameters were estimated with a multiple‐trait random regression model in which the records within and between parities were treated as separate traits. The phenotypic values of FPR increased soon after parturition and peaked at 10 to 20 days in milk, then decreased slowly in mid‐ and late lactation. Heritability estimates for FPR yielded moderate values. Genetic correlations of FPR among parities were low in early lactation. Genetic correlations between FPR and milk yield were positive and low in early lactation, but only in the first lactation. Genetic correlations between FPR and somatic cell score were positive in early lactation and decreased to become negative in mid‐ to late lactation. By using these results for genetic evaluation it should be possible to improve energy balance in dairy cows. 相似文献