短期碱胁迫条件下燕麦穗组织的蛋白组学解析

盐碱胁迫抑制作物穗的发育与生长,并直接影响作物的产量与品质。为了考查碱胁迫下燕麦穗组织的蛋白组学响应机制,以碱抗性燕麦品种Vao-9和碱敏感品种Xin-17为材料,抽穗期进行短期碱胁迫处理,对其进行蛋白组学分析。结果表明,与对照相比,碱处理后的Vao-9表型稳定,穗组织没有明显变化,而Xin-17的穗生长发育则明显被抑制;Vao-9穗组织中,参与蛋白合成、修复加工过程的蛋白以及参与次生代谢、谷胱甘肽代谢等的酶类显著增加,而Xin-17穗组织中,参与多糖类降解、能量转化的酶类以及PRs类蛋白显著增加。总体上,抗性品种表现为主动防御,而敏感品种表现为被动消耗。     

苜草素对肉仔鸡免疫、内分泌和脂类代谢的一些指标的影响

本试验旨在研究不同剂量的苜草素(苜蓿提取物)对肉仔鸡免疫、内分泌和脂类代谢的一些指标的影响。240只1 d商品代AA雄性肉仔鸡随机分为4组。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组日粮中分别添加100、300和500 mg/kg苜草素。分别于28、35、42和49 d从每组取6只鸡,称重、心脏采血后处死,剥离腹脂并称重。分离血清后,进行新城疫血凝抑制抗体效价、甲状腺素、胰岛素、甘油三酯和总胆固醇水平的测定。结果表明,添加500 mg/kg苜草素分别在不同日龄显著提高了(P<0.05)新城疫血凝抑制抗体效价和血清甲状腺素水平,显著降低了(P<0.05)腹脂率、血清甘油三酯水平、总胆固醇水平和胰岛素水平;添加300 mg/kg苜草素显著升高了(P<0.05)血清甲状腺素水平和显著降低了(P<0.05)甘油三酯和胰岛素水平;添加100 mg/kg苜草素对这些指标没有显著影响。由本试验结果可以看出,日粮中添加苜草素(500 mg/kg)可以增强肉仔鸡体液免疫能力、调节甲状腺素和胰岛素的分泌,并且具有明显的降脂作用。     

安普霉素对仔猪养分代谢率及氮沉积的影响

20头28日龄大长北三元杂交断奶仔公猪随机分为4组,分别饲养于不同环境温度(28℃、15℃)下的代谢笼内,饲喂含有不同剂量安普霉素(0、90、150mg/kg)的日粮,试验期为2周,后7d进行全收粪代谢试验,观测安普霉素对仔猪物质表观代谢率及氮沉积的影响。研究结果表明,在低温环境下日粮中添加安普霉素可抵御寒冷应激,改善仔猪日粮干物质和蛋白质的表观代谢率,增加机体氮的沉积,其中150mg/kg安普霉素可显著提高仔猪日增重70.5%(P<0.05)、改善饲料转化率32.7%(P<0.05),并能提高采食量、降低发病死亡率。在低温环境下,应适当加大抗生素的添加剂量。     

中间偃麦草、长穗偃麦草及其杂交种抗旱性评价

测定了杂交种植物组织相对含水量、脯氨酸、叶绿素、可溶蛋白、丙二醛生理指标,利用主成分分析、隶属函数综合评价偃麦草属不同材料[中间偃麦草（Elytrigia intermedia）、长穗偃麦草（E.elongata）及其杂交种]的抗旱性。结果表明,5个单项生理指标可综合为3个相互独立的综合指标;正交杂种（E.intermedia×E.elongata）的抗旱综合值为 0.529,反交杂种（E.elongata×E.intermedia）为0.702,而其2个亲本中间偃麦草和长穗偃麦草仅为0.308和0.191,杂交种材料的抗旱能力远高于2个亲本,其中反交杂种的抗旱性最强。     

基于超声波回波分析的单板层积材质量检测系统

系统提出一种以超声波回波分析理论建立检测模型的方法,以单板层积材为研究对象,通过超声波换能器探头对其质量进行无损检测,并对超声波回波进行时域及频域实验分析和讨论.分析了FFT变换后的频谱图,通过对比频谱图可判断出单板层积材的质量,实现在线检测.     

Trichinella spiralis infection induces β-actin co-localized with thymosin β4

A serological survey for Neospora caninum and Besnoitia besnoiti was carried out in beef and dairy cattle in South Australia. Serum samples of dairy cattle (n=133) from 9 properties and tank milk samples from a further 122 dairy herds were tested. An additional 810 sera from beef cattle from 51 properties were also tested. Testing at the individual animal level by IDEXX NEOSPORA X2 Ab test ELISA revealed a low prevalence of N. caninum antibodies of only 2.7% (95% CI; 1.6-3.7%) sera positive, as did the milk testing that showed 2.5% (95% CI; 1.4-3.6%) of tank milks being positive. At the herd level, 29.4% (95% CI; 16.9-41.9%) of beef, and 44.4% (95% CI; 12.0-76.9%) of dairy cattle herds showed serum antibodies. The highest within-herd prevalence in beef was 20% and 25%in dairy, which explains the low herd prevalence in dairy detected by bulk milk testing. Testing for B. besnoiti antibodies by PrioCHECK(?) Besnoitia Ab 2.0 ELISA initially identified 18.4% (95% CI: 15.8-21.0%) of 869 individual cattle sera as positive by ELISA at the manufacturer's suggested cut-off threshold (15 PP). Additional tests by immunoblot and IFAT, however, could not confirm any of the ELISA results. The use of a higher (40 PP) threshold in the ELISA is suggested to improve specificity. There is thus no evidence of B. besnoiti infection in South Australian cattle.     

Biochemical and Protein Profile of Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) Uterine Horn Fluid During Early Pregnancy

South American camelids show high embryo loss rate, during the first 60 days of pregnancy. One of the factors which may be related to this situation is that over 98% of the embryos implant in the left uterine horn (LUH) even though both ovaries contribute similarly to ovulation. There is scarce information about the uterine environment of female camelids at any physiological state that could explain the capability of the LUH to attract the embryo and maintain pregnancy. We describe, for the first time, the biochemical and protein profile of uterine fluid (UF), addressing the right and LUH environment in non‐pregnant and pregnant alpacas. Different substrates, electrolytes and metabolites were assayed in both uterine horn fluids. Small changes were observed in glucose and total protein levels, which were more noticeable during pregnancy. In addition, 10 specific proteins were found in the left horn fluid in 5‐week‐pregnant alpacas, and two protein bands were identified in non‐pregnant alpaca right horn fluid. These results would provide basic information for identification of possible markers for pregnancy diagnosis, reproductive diseases and hormone‐treated animals evaluation and hence contributing to improve the pregnancy rate.