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SUMMARY The BACTEC radiometric culture method for detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was evaluated on faeces from cattle on a farm in quarantine for Johne's disease. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on the IS900 sequence specific for M paratuberculosis and a genus specific 16S rRNA region was developed and used to test cultures showing evidence of mycobacterial growth in the BACTEC liquid radiometric culture medium. Using the BACTEC - PCR combination, confirmation of M paratuberculosis from faeces and tissue of clinically affected animals was achieved within 2 to 4 weeks and 1 week, respectively, a substantial improvement on traditional culture and identification methods. The PCR provided rapid exclusion of M paratuberculosis when other Mycobacterium spp were grown. The radiometric culture medium proved to be very sensitive for culturing Mycobacterium spp. 相似文献
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Decreased proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood likely contributed to susceptibility to Pneumocystis carinii in a foal. Cytological evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage was required for identification of the pathogen and serial flow-cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes documented transient low expression of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Although immunodeficiency is uncommon, it must be included in the differential diagnosis for patients suffering from chronic or opportunistic infections and may provide an indication for immunostimulant therapy. 相似文献
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Increased use of plant oils with different origins and quality in fish feed needs to be approached from a food safety and fish welfare point of view. Plant oils contain a number of bioactive minor lipid compounds that may affect the fish’s metabolism and taste perception. This study focuses on the effect of replacing fish oil (FO) with different levels of cold‐pressed rapeseed oil (RO) on the lipid composition in muscle and liver as well as on the preference by the fish. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed diets with a FO : RO ratio of 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50 and 25 : 75 until twofold weight increase. In self‐selecting feed trials of single rainbow trout, fish preferred the diet composed of only FO compared with the diets with RO but did not discriminate between different levels of RO. Plant sterols and their metabolites were found in liver of the fish fed RO diets, suggesting an effect on the sterol metabolism different from fish fed a 100% FO diet. The largest effects were seen in the fatty acid composition of the edible tissue of the fish with a decrease in 22:6n‐3 and 20:5n‐3 and an increase in 18:2n‐6 and 18:1n‐9. 相似文献
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Influence of xylazine on the function of the LiDCO sensor in isoflurane anaesthetized horses 下载免费PDF全文
Klaus Hopster Tamas D Ambrisko Jessica Stahl Johannes P Schramel Sabine BR Kästner 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2015,42(2):142-149
ObjectivePrevious studies showed an influence of xylazine on the LiDCO sensor in vitro and in standing horses, but did not prove that this interaction caused error in LiDCO measurements. Therefore, agreement of cardiac output (CO) measurements by LiDCO and bolus-thermodilution (BTD) was determined in horses receiving xylazine infusions.Study designProspective, experimental study.AnimalsEight Warmblood horses.MethodsAll horses were premedicated with xylazine. Anaesthesia was induced with midazolam and ketamine and was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. During six hours of anaesthesia CO measurements and blood samples were taken before, during and after a 60 minute period of xylazine infusion. Pairs of LiDCO and bolus thermo-dilution (BTD) measurements of CO were performed. Sensor voltages exposed to blood and saline were measured before, during and after xylazine infusion and compared using Bland-Altman method of agreement with corrections for repeated measures.ResultsThe CO values (mean ± SD) before xylazine were 34.8 ± 7.3 and 36.4 ± 8.1 L minute−1 for BTD and LiDCO, respectively. After starting the xylazine infusion, the CO values for BTD decreased to 27.5 ± 6.1 L minute−1 whereas CO values measured by LiDCO increased to 54.7 ± 18.4 L minute−1. One hour after discontinuing xylazine infusion, CO values were 33 ± 6.7 and 36.5 ±11.9 L minute−1 for BTD and LiDCO, respectively. The difference between saline and blood exposed sensor voltages decreased during xylazine infusion and these differences were positive numbers before but negative during the infusion. There were correlations between xylazine plasma concentrations, CO differences and sensor voltage differences (saline – blood).Conclusions and clinical relevanceThis study proved that xylazine infusion caused concentration dependent bias in LiDCO measurements leading to an overestimation of readings. Sensor voltage differences (saline – blood) may become valuable clinical tool to predict drug-sensor interactions. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Aims: To compare the outcome, in terms of lameness score or return to athletic function, of horses with acute vs. chronic digital lameness that underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the distal limb and to compare the proportion of horses that received intra-articular therapy of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint and pattern of diagnostic analgesia in these groups. Methods: This is a retrospective study of horses (n?=?95) with acute (≤12 weeks; n?=?46) or chronic (>12 weeks; n?=?49) digital lameness that underwent MRI of the distal limb from 2009–2016, at two equine referral centres in the USA. Criteria for inclusion in the study were that a majority of lameness localised distal to the fetlock, and that lameness assessments for ≥12 months following MRI could be obtained from the medical record or the owner could be interviewed regarding their horse's athletic function. Outcome was characterised by an improvement score where 2?=?return to work at a previous or higher level or lameness improved by one grade or more, 1?=?return to work at a lower level or lameness improved by less than one grade, and 0?=?did not return to work or lameness grade worsened. Whether horses had received intra-articular therapy of the DIP joint and the pattern of diagnostic analgesia prior to MRI was also obtained from medical records or by interviewing the owner. Results: There was a difference (p?=?0.004) in the proportion of horses assigned to improvement scores of 0, 1 and 2 between horses with acute or chronic lameness. There was no evidence of a difference in the likelihood of having received intra-articular therapy of the DIP joint prior to MRI between horses with chronic or acute lameness (p = 0.085). Similarly, there was no evidence of a difference in the pattern of diagnostic analgesia prior to MRI between the two groups (p = 0.94). Eighty-two percent of owners of horses with acute and 62% of those with horses with chronic lameness had a positive opinion of the utility of MRI as a diagnostic modality. Conclusion: In a population of horses with digital lameness undergoing MRI, a difference in the outcome, in terms of lameness score or return to athletic function was identified between horses with acute lameness compared to those with chronic lameness. Clinical relevance: Horses with digital lameness that undergo MRI when the lameness is acute may have an improved prognosis due to accurate diagnosis and earlier application of appropriate therapy. 相似文献
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Jozsef RáTKY Istvan EGERSZEGI Peter TOTH Soukanh KEONUCHAN Takashi NAGAI Kazuhiro KIKUCHI Noboru MANABE Klaus-Peter BRüSSOW 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(5):437-441
Worldwide, only a few “fatty” pig breeds exist with different and/or regional
utilization. Using the Hungarian Mangalica, which almost went extinct in Europe and the
Lao Moo Lat pig, which still has a large population in South-East Asia as exemples, we
wanted to demonstrate that indigenous (fatty) pig breeds may represent both national value
and tremendous economic potential. Since these less prolific and less productive breeds
cannot contribute to mass production, new market roles and methods should be established
for them in the premium segment of pork trading. Thus their preservation and propagation
needs the comprehensive collaboration of commercial, governmental actors and researchers.
Briefly summarizing the history, we report the current results of reproductive physiology
research. The commercial renaissance of Mangalica pigs is indebted to the enthusiastic
efforts of basic scientists, pig breeding experts and dedicated Mangalica producers.
Scientific achievements were applied to practical breeding and production of delicious
pork and processed products, which ultimately made the economic success in the Mangalica
sector possible. Both, research on and utilization of endangered (pig) breeds maintain not
only breed diversities, but also may improve the livelihood of farmers worldwide. 相似文献
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LJ O'Donnell BR Sheerin JM Hendry MJ Thatcher WW Thatcher MM LeBlanc 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2003,38(3):233-235
The mare exhibits nocturnal uterine contractions in the last 6 days of gestation. It is hypothesized that estradiol 17β (O17β) may be associated with the nightly increase in uterine contractions. The 24‐h secretion pattern of plasma O17β was measured in 3 pony mares in late gestation to identify changes in release as the mare neared parturition. Blood was collected weekly at 08:00 hours beginning on day 240 and every third day from day 330 until delivery. Serial blood samples were collected from each mare every 30‐min for 24‐h beginning on gestation day 310 and every sixth day thereafter until parturition. Concentrations of O17β were elevated at night with lowest concentrations occurring directly before sunset (p < 0.01). The natural log of the variance was increased at sunset (p < 0.01) and was decreased during the 6‐h period immediately after sunrise. This pattern was especially evident in the 6 days that preceded parturition. The contrast between nocturnal and daytime concentrations of O17β in the last 6 days of gestation may contribute to night‐time delivery in the mare. 相似文献