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41.
Takumi MOTOYA Noriko NAGATA Harumi KOMORI Ikuko DOI Miho KUROSAWA Toshimasa KETA Nobuya SASAKI Koji ISHII 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(12):1705-1709
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is known as a causative agent of zoonosis and food poisoning.
Pigs and some species of wild animals, including wild boar, are known to be a reservoir of
HEV. In this study, we investigated the situation regarding HEV infection in wild boars in
Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Serum, liver and feces samples from 68 animals were collected,
and the presence or absence of HEV genomic RNA and HEV antibodies were analyzed. The viral
genome was detected in samples from 7 (10.3%) animals, with all HEVs classified as
genotype 3, subtype 3b. HEV antibodies were detected in samples from 28 (41%) animals.
This report demonstrates for the first time the high prevalence of HEV infection in wild
boars in Ibaraki Prefecture. 相似文献
42.
Takahashi Y Inaba N Kuwahara S Kuki W Yamane K Murakami A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(11):3193-3196
Aurapten (7-geranyloxycoumarin) has been reported to be an effective inhibitor of chemical carcinogenesis in some rodent models. In the present study, a method for preparing an aurapten-enriched agricultural product has been established. Out of 17 Rutaceae varieties, the aurapten content in hassaku (Citrus hassaku Hort ex Y. Tanaka) fruit peel was marked, as well as that in natsumikan (C. natsudaidai) and grapefruit (C. paradisi). The aurapten content in hassaku peel was most abundant in April. Hassaku fruit peel oil, which was dissolved by heating precipitates including aurapten which had formed after freezing the peel oil at -20 degrees C, was used. After adsorbing aurapten from peel oil onto synthetic adsorbent SP70, the adsorbent was washed with 40% (v/v) ethanol in water to remove essential oils and pigments remaining on the adsorbent. Aurapten was then eluted with 80% (v/v) ethanol. In a laboratory-scale test, the recovery rates of aurapten and total carotenoids from the eluates were 74.3 and 4.6%, respectively. In a pilot-scale test, the recovery rate of aurapten in the aurapten-enriched preparation from dissolved hassaku oil was 91.0%, and its concentration was 64.1% (w/w). When stored for 180 days under sunlight, aurapten in powder form remained at 88.0-89.0% of the initial level, but only 31.3-43.8% in ethanol. The stability of aurapten in the aurapten-enriched preparation was higher than that of purified aurapten. These results suggest that aurapten is readily recovered from hassaku peel oil using SP70, and thus may be used as a food additive. 相似文献
43.
Tsuyoshi Kajisa Takuhiko Murakami Nobuya Mizoue Fumiaki Kitahara Shigejiro Yoshida 《Journal of Forest Research》2008,13(4):249-254
The k-nearest neighbors (kNN) method is widely employed in national forest inventory applications using remote sensing data. The
objective of this study was to evaluate the kNN method for stand volume estimation by combining LANDSAT/ETM+ data with 622
field sample plots from the Japanese National Forest Inventory (NFI) in Kyushu, Japan. The root mean square error (RMSE) and
relative RMSE of the volume estimates rapidly decreased as the number of nearest neighbors (k) increased up to five, and then it slightly declined. They were consistently smaller for the Euclidean distance than for
the Mahalanobis distance. The estimation errors (RMSE and relative RMSE) were 169.2 m3/ha and 66.2%, respectively (k = 10). The relative RMSE was similar to the previous studies. The estimated values were more accurate towards the mean value
of the total volume, with an overestimation of the low volumes and an underestimation of the high volumes. We found a significant
linear relationship between the observed stand volumes and estimated errors, which suggests that systematic errors may be
reduced using this linearity. This research concluded that the kNN method is suitable for estimating stand volumes in Kyushu. 相似文献
44.
Nobuya Tashiro Kayo Manabe Akihiko Saito Kiyotaka Miyashita 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2012,78(5):353-359
Acid scab of potatoes occurs frequently in strongly acidic soils at pH 3.9–5.2. On the basis of the phylogenetic relationships derived from 16S rDNA sequences and physiological characteristics, we identified the organism causing this disease in potatoes grown in the Uwaba district of Saga Prefecture, Kyushu Island, southwest Japan, as Streptomyces acidiscabies. Another pathogen that occurred more frequently in weakly acidic to neutral soils, rather than strongly acidic soils, was identified as S. scabiei. Streptomyces acidiscabies tended to produce superficial lesions, while S. scabiei mostly produced raised and/or erumpent lesions. 相似文献
45.
From July to October 1999, two Japanese pear varieties, Housui and Niitaka, were unexpectedly infected with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing anthracnose in Saga Prefecture of Japan. More than 90?% of the anthracnose fungus strains collected in 1999 were highly benzimidazole-resistant and distributed at high frequencies across pear-producing areas. The control of anthracnose by benzimidazole fungicides could not be confirmed in orchards where the isolation frequency of resistant strains was high. The frequency of resistant strains did not significantly decline, even 2?C5?years after the last use of benzimidazole fungicides. 相似文献
46.
Ryoko?Hirata Satoshi?ItoEmail author Keisuke?Eto Kotaro?Sakuta Nobuya?Mizoue Yasushi?Mitsuda 《Journal of Forest Research》2015,20(6):522-529
The positive and negative effects of the residual stand edge at a strip-clearcut site were examined on the initial growth of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) planted in areas with diverse topography. On the south edge, the gap light index was lower than on the north edge and strip center; however, the vapor pressure deficit was also lower than on the north edge and strip center, which resulted in lower physiological stress of hinoki on the south edge. Tree size on the south edge did not exceed that on the north edge and strip center. These results indicated that low light conditions due to residual trees negatively affected growth on the south edge even under the positive effect of microclimate alleviation. In valley, tree size in the second year after planting was smaller than on ridge and slope; however, tree growth during the following 2 years was higher in valley. Surface soil in valley was thinner with rockier substrates than on ridge and slope; that is, soil sedimentation type and substrates influenced the initial growth of hinoki with undeveloped roots, and after that, topography started to influence growth, probably because hinoki roots penetrated into deeper soil, which is influenced by the water gathering capacity of the valley. The initial growth of hinoki at the strip-clearcut site was predominantly affected by light rather than microclimate alleviation. This alleviation is expected to disappear when hinoki trees planted in the strip center grow enough to give additional shade to slow-growing edge hinoki. 相似文献
47.
Kenichi Yamashita Nobuya Mizoue Satoshi Ito Akio Inoue Hideaki Kaga 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(4):227-234
This study examined the effects of residual trees on the height of 18- and 19-year-old Cryptomeria japonica planted in group selection openings of about 0.1 ha at Yufuin in Oita Prefecture in southern Japan. We first developed a
general model expressing variation in the height for all of the planted trees within the openings from indices of both between-cohort
competition (the effects of residual trees) and within-cohort competition (among the even-aged planted trees). The between-cohort
competition index was calculated both with and without taking into account the direction that residual trees were positioned
from subject trees. The two models suggested that residual trees located near the northern edge of the opening were not effective
competitors for light for the planted trees within the opening. In addition, our results indicated that both between-cohort
competition and within-cohort competition are important for explaining tree height in closed stands within group selection
openings. Using the general model, we then estimated the potential loss of height growth for locally dominant trees within
the openings that could be attributed only to the influence of residual trees. These results indicated that in addition to
the effect of opening size, both the degree of crowding and the direction of residual trees from the planted trees are important
factors affecting the height of individual trees planted in group selection openings. 相似文献
48.
49.
Haruki Nakajima Atsushi Kume Megumi Ishida Tohru Ohmiya Nobuya Mizoue 《Annals of Forest Science》2011,68(8):1333-1340
• Context
In long-term forest monitoring, tree crown condition has been visually rated to diagnose tree vigor and forest condition. However, visual estimates are subjective. A semiautomatic image analysis system, called CROCO, was developed to estimate crown condition quantitatively. CROCO calculates a DSO value which decrease with increasing crown transparency. 相似文献50.
Hosoda Y Sasaki N Agui T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(10):1043-1049
The growth-retarded (grt) mouse has an autosomal recessive hypothyroidism and the female shows lifelong infertility. We previously reported that these mutant phenotypes are caused by a deficiency in the enzymatic activity of tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-2 (TPST2), and severe thyroid hypogenesis and consequent dwarfism are mainly due to the impairment of the tyrosine sulfation of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) by TPST2. Although TPST2 is ubiquitously expressed and many proteins are predicted to be tyrosine sulfated and involved in many biological processes, the functional roles of tyrosine sulfation in the reproductive organs remain unclear. These findings tempted us to hypothesize two possible mechanisms underlying the infertility; a deficiency in TPST2 activity in the reproductive organs might cause the infertility in grt mice, or a significant decrease in serum thyroid hormones might impair the normal development of reproductive organs. When mutant female mice were fed a diet supplemented with sufficient thyroid powder to correct their growth retardation, the rate of copulation, pregnancy, and parturition was completely restored. Therefore, we concluded that the infertility in grt female is due to a thyroid hormone deficiency. 相似文献