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51.
Influence of rice whole‐crop silage diet on growth performance,carcass and meat characteristics and muscle‐related gene expression in Japanese Black steers 下载免费PDF全文
Masahiro Shibata Yasuko Hikino Mai Imanari Kazunori Matsumoto Naoyuki Yamamoto 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(7):929-937
The present study investigated the influence of a diet largely comprising rice whole‐crop silage (rWCS) on growth performance, carcass and meat characteristics, and expression of genes involved in muscle growth of Japanese Black steers. Steers were randomly separated into rWCS‐fed (rWCS ad libitum and restricted feeding of concentrate) and concentrate‐fed groups. Total digestible nutrient intake and daily gain (DG) decreased in rWCS‐fed steers in comparison with concentrate‐fed steers, whereas dressed carcass weight and final body weight did not significantly differ between the groups. Decreases in drip loss in the muscle of rWCS‐fed steers may be caused by α‐tocopherol and β‐carotene in muscle. Feeding large amounts of rWCS to steers may maintain quantitative productivity of beef steers equally to a concentrate‐based diet, and improve the qualitative productivity. Results of gene expression suggest that activation of skeletal muscle growth in rWCS‐fed steers may occur at the late fattening period owing to a decrease in myostatin and increase in myosin heavy chain gene expression. Preadipocyte factor‐1 and myostatin genes may be strongly involved in the control of lipid accumulation. This rearing system would allow beef production to switch to rWCS‐based diets from concentrate‐based diets. 相似文献
52.
53.
Tomioka Keisuke Asami Hidenori Chiba Masahiro Kobayashi Hidekazu Nagata Kenji Mori Shinsuke Yamazaki Ryo Kawasaki Yohei Yasumoto Satoko Masunaka Akira Sekiguchi Hiroyuki Ishikawa Naoyuki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2021,87(5):281-286
Journal of General Plant Pathology - Brown lesions were found on leaves of the weed barnyardgrass in paddy fields in Hiroshima Prefecture in western Japan in June 2017. A fungus, isolated... 相似文献
54.
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of barley. The genetics and expression of resistance to FHB in barley is complex, and various spike characters are thought to possibly influence resistance. Tests using spray-inoculation of Fusarium graminearum at anthesis in greenhouse environments showed that two-rowed and cleistogamous varieties from Japan belong to the highest resistance group, while six-rowed and chasmogamous varieties are mostly susceptible. In order to evaluate the effect of such spike characters, including row type and flowering type, on FHB resistance, near-isogenic lines (NILs) differing in these characters were tested for their resistance. Two testing methods were used: the pot-plant and cut-spike methods, in which spikes at anthesis were spray-inoculated in greenhouse environments. The chasmogamous NILs and some six-rowed NILs were significantly more diseased than cleistogamous and two-rowed parent lines, respectively, and the difference in FHB severity was greater and more stable between cleistogamous/chasmogamous NIL pairs than between two-/six-rowed pairs. Slight or no differences were observed in glaucous/non-glaucous, normal/dense spike, normal/uzu type and normal/deficiens NIL pairs. The results indicate that the contribution of cleistogamy and/or the genetic background toward FHB resistance is more than that of row type and the other tested spike characters. Further, it should be possible to develop six-rowed varieties with FHB resistance nearly as good as that of the two-rowed varieties. 相似文献
55.
A yeast prion, Mod5, promotes acquired drug resistance and cell survival under environmental stress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Prion conversion from a soluble protein to an aggregated state may be involved in the cellular adaptation of yeast to the environment. However, it remains unclear whether and how cells actively use prion conversion to acquire a fitness advantage in response to environmental stress. We identified Mod5, a yeast transfer RNA isopentenyltransferase lacking glutamine/asparagine-rich domains, as a yeast prion protein and found that its prion conversion in yeast regulated the sterol biosynthetic pathway for acquired cellular resistance against antifungal agents. Furthermore, selective pressure by antifungal drugs on yeast facilitated the de novo appearance of Mod5 prion states for cell survival. Thus, phenotypic changes caused by active prion conversion under environmental selection may contribute to cellular adaptation in living organisms. 相似文献
56.
Miyuki KITAOKA Shuichi HIRAI Hayato TERAYAMA Munekazu NAITO Ning QU Naoyuki HATAYAMA Hidenobu MIYASO Yoshiharu MATSUNO Masatoshi KOMIYAMA Masahiro ITOH Chisato MORI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(5):485-490
Exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been reported to induce
spermatogenic disturbance through oxidant stress and affect the immune system as an
adjuvant. However, the effect of DEHP on the testicular immune microenvironment has
not yet been investigated. In the present study, we examined the testicular immune
microenvironment after exposure to doses of DEHP, previously identified as
no-observed-adverse-effect levels. Adult male mice were administered food containing
0%, 0.01% or 0.1% DEHP and then testes were analyzed. The results showed that a
slight but significant spermatogenic disturbance appeared in the 0.1% DEHP group but
not in the 0.01% DEHP group at 8 weeks. It was also demonstrated that lymphocytes and
F4/80- and MHC class II- positive cells were significantly increased with the
elevation of IL-10 and IFN-γ mRNA expressions in the testes of not only the 0.1% DEHP
group but also the 0.01% DEHP group at 8 weeks. Histochemical analyses involving
horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a tracer showed that a little blood-borne HRP had
infiltrated into the lumen of a few seminiferous tubules beyond the
blood-testis-barrier in both the 0.1% and 0.01% DEHP groups at 8 weeks. This
indicates that a dose of DEHP that has little effects on spermatogenesis can change
the testicular immune microenvironment with functional damage of the blood-testis
barrier. 相似文献
57.
Saito T Furuta T Hwang JH Kuramoto S Nishino K Suzuki N Chen R Yamada A Ito K Seno Y Nonaka T Ikehata H Nagasako N Iwamoto C Ikuhara Y Sakuma T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5618):464-467
We describe a group of alloys that exhibit "super" properties, such as ultralow elastic modulus, ultrahigh strength, super elasticity, and super plasticity, at room temperature and that show Elinvar and Invar behavior. These "super" properties are attributable to a dislocation-free plastic deformation mechanism. In cold-worked alloys, this mechanism forms elastic strain fields of hierarchical structure that range in size from the nanometer scale to several tens of micrometers. The resultant elastic strain energy leads to a number of enhanced material properties. 相似文献
58.
Ogawa Mizuki Ishizaka Mio Akabane Ryota Sakatani Atsushi Nagakawa Masayoshi Miyakawa Hirosumi Miyagawa Yuichi Takemura Naoyuki 《Veterinary research communications》2020,44(2):73-81
Veterinary Research Communications - Sildenafil improves autonomic dysfunction caused by pulmonary hypertension (PH) in humans, but its effect is unknown in dogs with PH. This prospective study... 相似文献
59.
Miyagawa Y Tominaga Y Toda N Takemura N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(5):679-681
One of the most important functions of the kidney is to concentrate urine through the reabsorption of water. Urine specific gravity (USG) is used in routine tests of urine concentration and can be estimated using a refractometer. However, as the scale of Japanese refractometer is based on experimental data from healthy Japanese people, and human USG obtained by Japanese refractometers show higher values than that by refractometer produced in Europe or the U.S.A. The purpose of this study was to establish correction formulas for the USG of dogs and cats measured using Japanese refractometers. In this study, we found that Japanese refractometers overestimated USG in both dogs and cats. This study shows that the correlation formulas described in this study are useful for the accurate evaluation of USG. 相似文献
60.
Shin-Ichi Yamamoto Naoyuki NishimuraTakeshi Torimaru Tohru ManabeAkemi Itaya Kazimierz Becek 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,262(5):886-893
Examining the actual state of canopy gaps in forests is critically important for evaluating forest community structure and dynamics, and for comparing gap disturbance regimes in different forests. We, therefore, re-examined our own previously published data from three studies of three different gap survey methods - the Belt transect method, the canopy coverage census method, and an aerial photography method - in order to ascertain how gap parameters (area, size and density of gaps, and related gap characteristics) obtained from these methods differ from each other. We found that the Belt transect method is easy to apply and practical in the field, and the method used for gap measurement is simple. Mean gap size and size distribution obtained using the Belt transect method were not different statistically from those of the other gap survey methods, and quantified gap parameters were in the range recorded for other forests of the world. For preliminary studies of gap dynamics in different forest types, an easy, speedy and workable gap survey method is needed. In addition, surveying a large number of gaps and a large area improve the accuracy of the method. We conclude that the Belt transect method is most suitable method for preliminary gap surveys in the field. 相似文献