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71.
The effect of colostrum ingestion during the first 24 hours of life on early postnatal development of piglet immune systems
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Shohei Ogawa Takamitsu Tsukahara Taishi Imaoka Nobuo Nakanishi Kazunari Ushida Ryo Inoue 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(12):1511-1515
It has been suggested that colostrum is important not only for direct protection from pathogens but also for proper development of immune systems in piglets. In this study, we focused on the effect of colostrum ingestion during the first 24 h of life on early postnatal development of piglet immune systems. Thirty‐six piglets from five litters were divided into colostrum‐fed (CoF) and colostrum‐deprived (CoD) groups. The former group was allowed to suckle normally while formula milk was fed to the latter group during the first 24 h of life. At the weaning period, the concentrations of fecal immunoglobulin (Ig) A and plasma IgG as well as the number of blood leukocyte subsets were analyzed. Fecal IgA and plasma IgG concentrations in the CoF group were more than twice as high as those in the CoD group (P < 0.01). In addition, the number of blood B cells was significantly higher in the CoF group than that in the CoD group (P < 0.05). This study demonstrates that colostrum ingestion during the first 24 h plays a significant role in early postnatal development of both mucosal and systemic immunity of piglets. 相似文献
72.
Yoshiaki Sato Takashi Nakanishi Motoharu Takeda Kazato Oishi Hiroyuki Hirooka Hajime Kumagai 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(1):90-97
Mother liquor (ML) is monosodium glutamate by‐product and contains much crude protein (CP). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementation of two types of MLs having different chemical compositions on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics. ML1 had 74% organic matter (OM) and 70% CP and ML2 had 85% OM and 83% CP on a dry matter (DM) basis. The experiments were conducted using 0.5 gDM rolled barley or ryegrass straw as substrates. Urea and freeze‐dried MLs were added at three levels of nitrogen to be isonitrogenous. The ML1 treatment increased gas production compared with the ML2 treatment in barley substrate condition (p < 0.05). The supplementary ML2 increased gas production compared with the supplementary urea, and the digestibilities of DM and neutral detergent fiber expressed exclusive of residual ash (NDFom) were higher for the supplementary ML2 than for the supplementary ML1 in straw substrate condition (p < 0.05). In both the conditions, ammonia nitrogen concentrations of the ML1 and ML2 treatments were lower than that of the urea treatment (p < 0.05). The results indicated that the supplementary ML1 and ML2 activated in vitro ruminal fermentation particularly in concentrate and roughage substrate conditions respectively. 相似文献
73.
云南稻-鸭共生模式效益的研究及综合评价(三) 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
通过不同放鸭只数的试验,研究了在中高产田单位面积放鸭的数量与产量构成因素和病虫草害发生的关系,分析了产量构成,病虫草害发生的情况,为稻-鸭共生模式技术的推广提供理论依据。 相似文献
74.
Hori T Hashizaki F Narushima E Komiya T Orima H Tsutsui T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(9):987-990
An intrauterine insemination technique using a fiberscope was investigated in the giant panda. A septal wall was present about 5 cm from the vulva, the external urethral orifice was present in the ventral region, and the entrance (pseudocervix) to the vagina was present in the dorsal region. The uterovaginal region protruded in the dorsal region about 15 cm from the pseudocervix. The external uterine orifice was present in the uterovaginal region, revealing that intrauterine insemination can be easily performed. This technique may greatly contribute to artificial reproduction of the giant panda. 相似文献
75.
Summary An adequate number of self-seeds was obtained in self-incompatible cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) when CO2 gas was supplied to flowers after self-pollination. A strain, which set 0.2 self-seeds per flower in the ambient air condition, set over 10 self-seeds per flower when treated with 3.6–5.9% CO2 for 5 h. In a strain with weaker self-incompatibility, a 4 h treatment with 1.4% CO2 was still effective.Seed set in bud-pollination was also enhanced by applying CO2. This method is so simple that it may be used for practical self-seed production in Brassica vegetables. 相似文献
76.
Asami Nakanishi Hideaki Shibata Yoji Inokura Toshio Nakao Hiroto Toda Fuyuki Satoh Kaichiro Sasa 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):709-714
To clarify the characteristics in stemflow of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), we conducted the annual and extensive observation. We examined the chemistry of bulk and wet deposition, throughfall and stemflow at 26 forested sites in June and September 1998. The each sampling site was broadly distributed in all over the Japanese archipelago. The stemflow pH of Japanese cedar was significantly lower (p<0.01) than precipitation and stemflow of broad-leaved species in both months. There were significant anion deficits in stemflow of Japanese cedar, suggesting that organic anions derived from plant sources play an important role in the stemflow acidity. Our results suggested that the strong stemflow acidity in Japanese cedar was derived from an internal biological characteristic rather than influences of external acidic deposition. 相似文献
77.
H Nakanishi 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1983,66(6):1528-1531
A gas chromatographic procedure is described for determining monosodium glutamate (MSG) in several types of food. A sample is extracted with acetone-water (1 + 1). Acetone is evaporated and an aliquot of the extract is buffered with 1M NH4OH-1M NH4Cl pH 9 solution, and chromatographed directly on a column of QAE Sephadex A-25 that has been pretreated with the same buffer. MSG is eluted with 0.1N HCl, and a portion of the eluate is evaporated to dryness and reacted with dimethylformamide(DMF)-dimethylacetal to form the glutamic acid derivative, which is injected into a gas chromatograph and measured by flame ionization detection. Recoveries of MSG from sample fortified at 5-500 mg ranged from 92.8 to 100%. 相似文献
78.
The distribution of oocysts, sporocysts and sporozoites of Eimeria tenella and Eimeria maxima in the digestive tract of chicken and in excreta was investigated. At 1 h after the oral inoculation of E. tenella oocysts, the number of sporocysts in the cecum was 3.4 x 10(6) and decreased gradually thereafter, and the number of sporozoites in the cecum increased and remained at a high level until 12 h after the inoculation. Small numbers of sporocysts and sporozoites of E. tenella were found in other intestinal sites. A great number of E. maxima sporozoites was found, especially in the jejunum, 2 h after the inoculation. The findings that the largest populations of sporozoites of E. tenella and E. maxima were found in the cecum and the jejunum, respectively, indicate that the site specificity of sporozoite invasion for each species is determined before the invasion takes place. 相似文献
79.
A B Karnuah K Moriya N Nakanishi T Nade T Mitsuhashi Y Sasaki 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(11):2851-2856
Carcasses from Japanese Black steers were used to obtain prediction equations for carcass composition from information derived by computer image analysis of carcass cross-section images. The total weights of lean, fat, and bone were obtained from the left sides of 55 carcasses (Data Set I) and 18 carcasses (Data Set II) by physical dissection. The information such as total lean, fat, and bone areas in the cross-sections; muscle area, muscle circumference, short and long radius axis lengths, and direction of long radius axis; and geometric distance between any two muscle centers of gravity was obtained by scanning and image analysis of pictures of the cross-sections of the beef side at the 6th/7th rib interface. The coefficients of determination of the multiple regression equations estimated from Data Set I for kilograms of lean, fat, and bone were 0.76, 0.82, and 0.69, respectively, whereas for the percentages of lean, fat, and bone they were 0.57, 0.66, and 0.42, respectively. The multiple regression equations from Data Set I was applied to Data Set II in order to test the applicability of the prediction equations obtained. The correlation coefficients between the value predicted by the multiple regression equation and the measurement obtained by physical dissection for kilograms of lean, fat, and bone were 0.71, 0.72, and 0.70, respectively, whereas those for the percentages of lean, fat, and bone were 0.63, 0.44, and 0.29, respectively. The results indicate that the information obtained from the carcass cross-sections by the computer image analysis method can be used to predict carcass composition in Japanese Black steers. 相似文献
80.
K Goto Y Kajihara M Koba S Kosaka Y Nakanishi K Ogawa 《Journal of animal science》1989,67(8):2181-2185
Bovine follicular oocytes matured in vitro were fertilized in vitro using epididymal spermatozoa from five different bulls and then cultured to the blastocyst stage in vitro. The fertilization rate, based on one pair of pronuclei and presence of one sperm tail, ranged from 55.2 to 64.3%. Embryo development (cleavage to blastocyst stage) ranged from 21.4 to 31.0% of the cultured ova reaching 8 cells at 3 to 4 d after insemination to 1.3 to 3.7% reaching hatched blastocysts at 9 to 10 d. It is concluded that individual variation among bulls is not a significant factor in fertilization and development rates of bovine follicular oocytes when epididymal spermatozoa are used. 相似文献