金属硫蛋白对应激猪血清中某些酶活性的影响

金属硫蛋白是一类低分子量、富含半胱氨酸的金属结合蛋白。它与应激及应激性疾病有关。本文试探讨金属硫蛋白对应激猪血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响，以便为金属硫蛋白在畜牧业生产中的应用提供一定的理论依据。     

日粮维生素E水平对山羊精液品质的影响

采用4×4拉丁方设计,给金堂黑山羊饲喂维生素E浓度不同(常量:30 mg/kg维生素E,10,50,100倍常量的添加量)而其他营养成分均一致的4种日粮,探索日粮中添加维生素E对山羊精液品质的影响。结果表明:日粮中添加维生素E有助于提高山羊采精量、精子密度和鲜精活率,改善其精液品质(P<0.05);随着日粮中维生素E浓度的增加,山羊采精量、精子密度和鲜精活率也随之改善,添加量为常量的50倍(1500 mg/kg)时,精子密度和鲜精活率最佳(P<0.01)。当添加量超过常量50倍时(100),精子密度和鲜精活率有所降低,但与添加量为50倍的试验组差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

Effects of panax notoginseng saponins on pneumocyte apoptosis and Fas/FasL expression in rabbits with lung ischemia/reperfusion injury

AIM: AIM: To explore the relationship between apoptosis in the lung tissues and lung ischemia/reperfusion injury, and observe effects of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on apoptosis in lung ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS: Single lung in situ ischemia/reperfusion animal model was used. Eighty four Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into control group (control), ischemia/reperfusion 1 h group (IR1h), IR3h, IR5h, Panax Notoginseng Saponins 1 h group (PNS1h), PNS3h and PNS5h. TUNEL, immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques were used to observe apoptosis and Fas/FasL expression in various phases of lung ischemia/reperfusion. RESULTS: Cell apoptosis in lung tissues were significantly high, Fas/FasL mRNA and its protein were up-regulated in lung tissues of lung ischemia/reperfusion injury compared with control (all of P<0.01). The PNS suppressed apoptosis as well as expression of Fas/FasL mRNA and its protein (P<0.05 or P<0.01, respectively). There was a significant correlation between expression of Fas/FasL protein, Fas/FasL mRNA and cell apoptosis (r=0.540，0.658，0.668，0.686；all P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Activation of Fas/FasL system and its initiating cell apoptosis of lung tissues may contribute to the pathogenesis of lung ischemia/reperfusion injury. The protective effects of PNS include suppressing the activation of Fas/FasL system and blocking apoptosis in lung tissues in lung ischemia/reperfusion injury.     

小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性机制及交互抗性研究

用叶片药膜法研究了阿维菌素抗性小菜蛾 Plutella xylostella （L.）品系 对常用药剂的交互抗性谱以及增效醚（PB）和磷酸三苯酯（TPP）的增效作用。小菜蛾对阿 维菌素与高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和联苯菊酯等菊酯类药剂间具有比较低的交互 抗性，对后者抗性为3～20倍，对阿维菌素的抗性为575.6倍；对氟虫脲和氟啶脲没有交互抗 性。PB和TPP对阿维菌素分别增效8.2和5.5倍，说明小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性可能与多功能 氧化酶（MFO）和羧酸酯酶有关。通过差光谱技术测定了阿维菌素抗性和敏感小菜蛾细胞色 素P450的含量，抗性品系是敏感品系的1.38倍。     

国内外蝗虫研究发展动向初探

蝗虫是广泛分布于世界各地尤其是中低纬度地区的一种昆虫，其分布广泛性和危害严重性使之成为多门学科重要的研究对象之一。本文比较系统地总结了当前国内外蝗虫研究状况和近新进展，初步探讨了蝗虫研究中的若干新领域与新技术，对开展相关研究有一定的借鉴意义。     

HSN1亚型禽流感病毒NA基因在重组禽痘病毒中的表达及其产物的免疫原性

将禽流感病毒A／Goose／Guangdong／1／96（H5N1）株的NA基因及LacZ报告基因克隆到禽痘病毒载体pSY681中，构建重组转移载体pSY（NA＋LacZ），将其转染鸡胚成纤维细胞，经蓝白斑筛选，纯化表达NA基因的重组禽痘病毒rFPV-NA，用其免疫SPF鸡，检测该重组禽痘病毒的免疫原性。结果显示，该重组禽痘病毒能够在体外培养细胞内表达具有生物学活性的NA蛋白，表达产物的分子质量约为55ku；用该重组禽痘病毒免疫SPF鸡后，能够使免疫鸡获得对H5N1和H7N1两种亚型HPAIV攻击的部分保护。表明，重组禽痘病毒rFPV—NA具有良好的免疫原性。     

披碱草属植物遗传多样性研究进展

综述了近年来国内外关于披碱草属(Elymus L.)植物遗传多样性的研究现状和存在的问题,同时讨论了其作为重要种质资源的应用前景。     

蜂王浆中10-HDA的研究进展

对蜂王浆中10-HDA的来源、结构、性质及功能等方面的研究进展进行了介绍，并对近年来不断改进和完善的几种测定方法，如分光光度法、色谱法、酶联免疫法、气相色谱-质谱法等进行了简要分析。     

Gelatinases expression and their activity in rat alveolar macrophages induced by cigarette smoke medium

AIM: To study the effect of cigarette smoke medium (CSM) on the gene expression and activity of gelatinases from alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the rat, and then to explore their role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: AMs were obtained from BALF of the rats that had smoked for 12 weeks. CSM was produced following the method of Wirtz and colleagues, and the cultured AMs were respectively stimulated for 24 h by 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 15% CSM. The mRNA levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2 were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and the enzyme activity was measured by Zymography. RESULTS: When the concentration of CSM was below 5%, the expression and activity of MMP-9 and MMP-2 signficantly increased with the concentration of CSM in a dose-depended manner (P<0.05). While the concentration of CSM exceeded 5%, the expression and activity of MMP-9 and MMP-2 correspondingly decreased with the increase in CSM concentrations (P<0.05), which possibly were related with the cytotoxicity of CSM. CONCLUSION: The expression and activity of MMP-9 and MMP-2 are induced by CSM. The gelatinases induced by smoking from AM may play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD.     

四种杀菌剂对金银花白粉病的防治效果及对金银花品质的影响

采用随机区组试验比较四种杀菌剂对金银花白粉病的防治效果，用高效液相色谱法测定各处理样品的绿原酸含量，以筛选出符合金银花规范化种植需要的药剂。结果表明，施药后14天以15％三唑酮600倍液防治效果最好，达77．8％，其次是15％三唑酮1200倍、50％多菌灵500倍液处理，防治效果分别为75．7％和70．8％，极显著地高于3％中生菌素500和1000倍及2％农抗1201000倍液处理的防效。2％农抗120500倍液的防治效果达60．3％，与前三种处理差异不显著，显著好于后三种处理，但未达极显著水平。15％三唑酮1200倍防治处理的绿原酸含量最高，达1．683％，其次是50％多菌灵500倍处理，绿原酸含量达1．539％，符合《中华人民共和国药典》要求，可作为金银花规范化管理中白粉病防治优先采用的药剂。