银杏种子贮期硬化与贮前漂白处理的相关性研究

以海洋皇马铃型银杏种子(Gingko biloba L．)为研究对象．研究了漂白粉液漂洗法、SO2熏蒸法、石灰水浸泡法、阳光曝晒法、热风干燥法等漂白方法对银杏种子贮藏期间硬化的影响;对贮藏期间呼吸强度、细胞膜透性、α-淀粉酶活性、β-淀粉酶活性等指标进行了测定．对漂白处理的抑制机理进行了探讨。结果表明：SO2熏蒸法是银杏种子较为合适的贮前漂白处理方法,该法对呼吸强度、细胞膜透性、α-淀粉酶活性、β-淀粉酶活性等有较强的抑制作用。     

植物育种的物理学方法

介绍了草原生态恢复中选育优良牧草种子的一些物理学方法,包括电场、磁场、物理辐射、激光、离子束和交变应力等在植物的生物学效应、诱变育种和转基因技术中的应用.     

不同日龄略阳乌鸡生长发育观测及屠宰差异分析

为了探究略阳乌鸡在当前舍饲+放养的饲养模式下不同日龄的生长发育、屠宰性能差异性,采用饲养试验观测和测定了不同日龄略阳乌鸡公、母鸡的外貌、体重、屠宰性能和肉质营养分析等指标,并对试验数据进行了分析。结果表明：略阳乌鸡体重随着日龄的增大而增大,大日龄鸡的体重极显著地高于小日龄鸡,且公鸡体重极显著地高于同期母鸡;120d之后,略阳乌鸡外貌发育基本达到成年鸡要求;略阳乌鸡在150d测定的各项屠宰指标、鸡胸肉中蛋白质和脂肪含量均高于120d;鸡胸肉中全氨基酸（TAA）、必需氨基酸（EAA）和非必须氨基酸(NEAA)含量在日龄和性别间无显著差异。研究结果可为略阳乌鸡出栏时间的确定提供了一定数据参考。     

犬细小病毒高效纳米PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

为建立灵敏、快速的犬细小病毒(CPV)检测方法,本研究针对CPVVP2基因保守序列设计一对能扩增574bp片段的特异性引物,对纳米PCR的退火温度、引物浓度等反应条件进行了优化,并对其特异性和灵敏度进行了评估。结果表明,所建立的纳米PCR特异性和灵敏性良好,最低核酸检出量为2拷贝·μL^-1,其敏感性比常规PCR高1000倍。分别采用纳米PCR和常规PCR,对广西、北京、吉林送检的75份疑似CPV的临床样品进行检测,CPV阳性率分别为89.3%(67/75)和70.7%(53/75),表明该方法具有更高的敏感性,适用于CPV低含量临床样品的检测。本方法的建立为CPV感染的早期快速、灵敏、准确的诊断提供了新方法,为CPV的防控奠定基础,具有重大的临床应用意义和价值。     

新疆博州甜菜滴灌综合试验

为探索适于滴灌的甜菜种植密度及节水灌溉技术,2011年进行了淹灌与滴灌以及滴灌条件不同密度处理对甜菜产量、含糖率及根腐病发病率的影响试验.结果表明,滴灌比淹灌甜菜根腐病发病率低2.3％～2.7％,节水46.9％～64.0％,甜菜整个生育期可节水5567.5m3/hm2,根产量、含糖率都有所提高;滴灌甜菜较适宜密度为8.25～9.75万株/hm2.     

考虑预估驾驶行为的跟驰模型及其稳定性分析

在OV模型的基础上,进一步考虑预估驾驶行为对车流的影响,提出一个新的跟驰模型以获得预估驾驶行为与交通拥堵的关系。通过对新模型进行稳定性分析得到了系统的临界稳定条件。数值仿真结果表明：新模型能够模拟诸如时停时走、系统临界相变等实际交通现象,较OV模型更贴近于实际。同时,预估驾驶行为增强了交通流稳定性能,提高了车流陷入交通阻塞状态的阈值。最后以车速的平滑度和波动幅度最小为评价指标得到了新模型中预估参数的最优取值范围。     

Spatio-temporal pattern evolution and spatial spillover effect of green development efficiency: Evidence from Shandong Province,China

Improving green development efficiency is urgently required, yet challenging, since it comprehensively reflects the bidirectional evolutionary relationship between regional development and resource and environmental consumption. The issue of regional green development efficiency has become a key topic; however, where the increase in efficiency originates and its spatial spillover effect remains unclear to date. Therefore, the spatial spillover effect of the green development efficiency of Shandong Province was quantified through the slack variable (SBM)-Undesirable and Spatial Durbin model. The green development efficiency showed clear spatial differentiation in Shandong Province. This was more obvious than the polarized development trend of the provincial capital circle that has Jinan at its core and the eastern coastal region with Qingdao at its core. Green development efficiency has a significant spatial spillover effect. The regression coefficient of the direct effect of the economic development level is positive. The regression coefficient of the indirect effect of the marketization level and government financial support level is negative. Science and technology played a positive role in the promotion of the green development efficiency of local and neighboring cities. This study contributes empirical evidence to the green development efficiency associated with regional development and resource and environment consumption of Shandong Province.     

Mapping of quantitative trait loci conferring resistance to bacterial wilt in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) is one of the most serious tobacco diseases in the world. Studies have shown that tobacco resistance to TBW is quantitatively inherited. This study aimed to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring TBW resistance. An F_2 : 3 population containing 237 lines was developed from a cross between two flue‐cured tobacco cultivars, ‘Yanyan 97’ (YY97; moderately resistant to TBW) and ‘Honghua Dajinyuan’ (HD; highly susceptible to TBW), and a linkage map consisting of 201 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and spanning a total length of 2326.7 cM was constructed based on the population. Field experiments were conducted 2011 and 2012, and disease symptoms were investigated three times in each year. The phenotypic data were analysed either separately or jointly for QTL mapping using the software QTLNetwork 2.1. Eight QTL with significant main effects were mapped on chromosomes 2, 6, 12, 17 and 24. A major QTL (qBWR17a) was detected on chromosome 17, which explained up to 30% of the phenotypic variation. The results can facilitate marker‐assisted selection (MAS) in TBW resistance breeding programme.     

紫茎泽兰精油各馏份对4种仓库害虫的杀虫活性

用紫茎泽兰精油的２０℃￣１５０℃,１５０℃￣２００℃,２００℃￣２３０℃,２３０℃￣３００℃和３００℃以上馏份,分别以４４．４４ｍｇ／Ｌ的熏蒸浓度处理米像、玉米象、绿豆象和蚕豆象,结果表明,在５个馏份中,以１５０℃￣２００℃馏份的杀虫活性最高,其次是２０℃￣１５０℃和２２０℃￣２３０℃馏份,而３００℃以上馏份的杀虫活性最低。进一步的生测结果表明,１５０℃￣２００℃馏份对米象、玉米象、绿豆象和蚕豆象     

基于高光谱和数码照相技术的苹果花期光谱特征研究

 【目的】旨在探索苹果花期的光谱特征和敏感波段。【方法】以栖霞市为研究区,利用苹果花期数码照片监督分类,提取苹果花树比和花叶比指标信息,通过与同步高光谱探测数据的相关分析,研究苹果树花期光谱特性,确定其敏感的光谱波段。【结果】苹果树花期光谱特征主要表现为对蓝光和红光的吸收、对绿光的反射,和对750～1 300 nm近红外的强烈反射。其光谱特征变化与花叶比和花树比指标呈现较好的相关性,敏感波段范围为400～530 nm的蓝青光和570～700 nm的橙红光,以及中等花树比果树760～1 350 nm的近红外。【结论】该研究提出了高光谱遥感与数码照相技术相结合的有效方法,初步探明了苹果树花期的光谱特征,为苹果园地信息提取、营养诊断和苹果生产管理的实时性与信息化提供了理论依据和技术支撑。