巨大芽胞杆菌E-1菌株对土壤氯嘧磺隆残留的降解效果

采用玉米对氯嘧磺隆敏感的原理,测定巨大芽胞杆菌E-1对土壤氯嘧磺隆残留的降解能力。结果表明降解菌用量为300 mL菌液/kg土时,对玉米根长的修复率为18.31%～62.48%;降解菌用量30 mL菌液/kg土时的修复率为11.78%～49.72%;降解菌用量3 mL菌液/kg土时,施用降解菌的处理与不施菌处理之间无显著差异。     

多头香石竹组培快繁研究

为克服多头香石竹组培苗茎秆细弱现象,通过调节激素配比,对多头香石竹品种"D90"的离体快繁技术进行了研究.结果表明:用MS BA 0.3 mg/L NAA 0.1 mg/L时,可使茎明显增粗,平均茎粗为0.779 mm,为最佳的改良继代培养基;用MS NAA 0.3 mg/L IAA 0.2 mg/L时生根率高,可达86.3%,为最佳生根培养基.     

Multi-scale study of bird species distribution and of their response to vegetation change: a Mediterranean example

Land use changes operate at different scales. They trigger a cascade of effects that simultaneously modify the composition or structure of the landscape and of the local vegetation. Mobil animals, and birds in particular, can respond quickly to such multi-scalar changes. We took advantage of a long term study on the response of songbirds to land-use changes on four Mediterranean islands in Corsica and Sardinia to explore the benefits of a multi-scale analysis of the relationships between songbird distribution, vegetation structure and landscape dynamics. Field data and aerial photographs were used to describe the vegetation at three different scales. Birds were censused by point counts. We used statistical variance decomposition to study how bird distribution and vegetation at various scales were linked. We analysed multi-scale vegetation changes (floristic composition, plot vegetation type, and landscape structure) and their consequences on bird distribution with multivariate and non-parametrical tests. The distribution of most species was linked to at least two spatial scales. The weight of a given scale was consistent with life-history traits for species whose biology was well-known. In the examples studied, vegetation composition, vegetation type and landscape changes that resulted from land abandonment negatively affected birds depending on open or heterogeneous areas. Our results emphasize that multi-scale analyses can greatly enhance our understanding of bird distribution and of their changes. Management of these populations should take into account measures at various spatial scales depending on the sensitivity of the species.     

芥菜开花相关基因AGL24的表达及与SOC1、SVP和FLC蛋白的互作

为阐明芥菜（Brassica juncea Coss.）开花激活因子AGL24的表达特性及其在开花途径中与调节因子SOC1、SVP和FLC蛋白的互作机制,从‘青叶芥’中克隆了680 bp的AGL24基因,它编码221个氨基酸。序列分析表明：芥菜AGL24含有M、I、K和C域,分别有59、11、102和47个氨基酸,与油菜AGL24亲缘关系较近。荧光定量PCR分析发现：在低温春化途径和长日照光周期途径中,AGL24在叶片和茎尖中均有表达,营养生长期表达量较低,而生殖生长期表达量迅速增加;AGL24在光周期途径中的表达峰值要早于低温春化途径。酵母双杂交试验表明：全长AGL24与开花信号整合子SOC1蛋白能够互作,激活酵母报告基因AUR1-C、HIS3、ADE2和MEL1,在QDO/X-α-Gal/AbA平板培养基上长出蓝斑。另外,分别去掉M域后的截短体AGL24与SOC1也能相互作用。β–半乳糖苷酶活性检测发现：截短体杂交组合AGL24 × SOC1的互作强度显著高于全长杂交组合AGL24 × SOC1。然而全长AGL24或截短体AGL24 均不能与光周期途径核心抑制子SVP互作,也不与低温春化途径核心抑制因子FLC相互作用,说明AGL24并不是SVP或FLC的直接靶蛋白。     

SO2对龙眼果实的氧化作用与衰老的影响

以‘石硖’龙眼（Ｄｉｍ ｏｃａｒｐｕｓｌｏｎｇａｎ Ｌｏｕｒ．ｃｖ．Ｓｈｉｘｉａ）为试材,研究了冷藏（４ ℃）条件下,适当的ＳＯ２ 熏蒸预处理对果实氧化作用与衰老的影响。结果表明：硫处理果实,呼吸速率比对照显著降低（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）,使果实受到不可逆抑制;果皮膜透性和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量比对照明显增加（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）,超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性成倍提高,并出现新的ＳＯＤ同工酶带。贮藏效果表明：合理的ＳＯ２ 处理能够延缓果实的衰老进程,延长贮藏寿命     

不同物料及配比对设施土壤与番茄产量、品质的影响

研究了有机肥、化肥、青沙等不同物料及配比对二代日光节能温室内土壤营养状况,番茄生长、产量及品质的影响。研究结果表明,施有机肥的土壤pH值和容重显著降低,土壤全盐、有机质、速效氮、磷、钾、田间持水量和总孔隙度均增加：单施化肥的,土壤pH值和容重也显著降低,除土壤田间持水量外,全盐、有机质,速效氮、磷、钾,总孔隙度均增加。在施有机肥的基础上进一步配施化肥和沙子等物料,全盐、速效氮、磷、钾均显著增加。化肥和有机肥施用都显著提高了土壤磷酸酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性,显著增加了番茄的株高和冠幅,最终显著增产;化肥加沙和有机肥加沙处理增加了土壤通气性,显著促进了茎粗的增长,有利于植株健壮;不同物料处理下番茄果实中可溶性糖显著增加,总酸度显著下降．糖酸比显著增大,改善了番茄的风味,尤其是在化肥和有机肥配合并掺和沙子的情况下,番茄VC含量最高．但也显著增加了番茄的硝态氮含量。     

不同滴灌量对日光温室番茄生长、产量和品质的影响

为明确京郊日光温室番茄滴灌条件下适宜的灌溉量,以番茄‘欧盾’为试验材料,研究不同滴灌量对其生长、产量和水分生产效率的影响。结果表明:T1处理产量最高达到113 700 kg/hm2,较对照增产6.5%,果实品质有所提高,水分生产效率提高29.8%;其次是T2处理,较对照增产3.0%,水分生产效率提高54.4%;T3处理较对照产量有所降低。综合产量、品质和水分生产效率等指标,在该试验条件下,单次灌溉24 mm(T1处理)是温室番茄滴灌条件下较适宜的灌溉量。     

贮藏时间对马铃薯杂交实生籽发芽率的影响

用2003-2008年这6 a所制的马铃薯杂交实生种子做发芽试验。试验结果表明,刚过休眠期的种子发芽率高,而贮藏时间长或是未过休眠期的种子发芽率低,随贮藏年限的增加,发芽率逐渐降低。     

羊肚菌冷冻干燥加工技术研究

通过实验,研究确定了了冻干羊肚菌的共晶点和共融点,得到了最佳冻干曲线,通过对冻干羊肚菌和传统风干羊肚菌的理化指标及感官指标的比较,证实了冷冻干燥羊肚菌的加工工艺的优越性。     

编码harpinXoo蛋白的基因hpalXoo转化菊花增强对蚜虫的抗性

将水稻白叶枯病原菌Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae编码harpinXoo蛋白的hpalXoo基因构建植物重组表达质粒pCAMBIA3300-hpalXoo-bar,由根癌农杆菌 Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404介导,叶盘法转化寒菊QW-077,获得了草丁膦转基因寒菊株系.经PCR、Southern blot和RT-PCR 检测证明 hpalXoo已整合到寒菊基因组中.在转基因株系的叶片和植株上抗虫性鉴定表明,转基因寒菊显著抑制桃蚜 Myzus persicae的繁殖(t＜0.01).RT-PCR表明转基因植株中hpalXoo能够在转录水平正常表达.hpalXoo转化寒菊可以正常表达并提高寒菊对蚜虫的抗性.