激活的绢云母：一种使水生环境中铯衰减的高效天然粘土物质)

Sericite is mica-based natural clay that is annealed at 800 ℃ for 4 h, followed by acid activation using 3.0 mol L-1HCl at 100℃. The interaction of cesium(I), Cs(I), with sericite could provide useful data for the study of soil erosion or mass water movement utilizing the natural radioactive Cs. In this study sericite and activated sericite were used to assess their suitability in the attenuation of Cs from the aquatic environment under both batch and column experiments. The surface morphological studies indicated that a disordered and heterogeneous surface structure was exhibited by the activated sericite, whereas the native sericite exhibited a compact and layered structure. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) specific surface area results indicated a significant increase in the surface area due to the activation of sericite. The batch reactor data collected for various parametric studies revealed that an increase in p H(from 2.0 to 8.0) and sorbate concentration(from 10.0 to 100.0 mg L-1) apparently favored the attenuation of Cs(I). The timedependent sorption data revealed that Cs(I) uptake was very rapid, and it achieved its saturation value within just 50 min of contact.The kinetic modeling studies indicated that the uptake of Cs(I) followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation; hence, the attenuation capacity of these solids for Cs(I) was estimated to be 0.858 and 4.353 mg g-1for sericite and activated sericite solids, respectively.The adsorption isotherm modeling data showed a reasonably good applicability of the Freundlich model than the Langmuir model.The effect of background electrolyte concentrations(0.001 to 0.1 mol L-1) of Mg(NO3)2indicated that the presence of this electrolyte could not significantly affect the percent removal of Cs(I) by activated sericite. Furthermore, the fixed-bed column reactor operations were performed to obtain the breakthrough data, which were fitted well to the Thomas non-linear equation. Therefore, the loading capacity of Cs(I) was estimated to be 1.585 mg g-1at the initial influent Cs(I) concentration of 30.0 mg L-1at p H 5.0.     

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—POSITIVE CONTRAST PERITONEOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF TRUE DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA

A true diaphragmatic hernia is a congenital diaphragmatic malformation that can appear identical to a peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH). True diaphragmatic hernias are rare in dogs. Herein we describe the use of positive contrast peritoneography for diagnosis of a true diaphragmatic hernia in two dogs.     

The effect of glycyrrhizin on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), leucocyte responses

Abstract. Treatment of rainbow trout macrophages with glycyrrhizin (GL), an aqueous extract of licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra , enhanced their respiratory burst activity. Maximal effects were seen using concentrations of 10–100 μml⁻¹. GL also modulated trout lymphocytes, increasing proliferation responses to the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin some two-fold over a range of GL concentrations. In addition, GL elicited the release of a macrophage activating factor (MAF) from head kidney leucocytes, as assessed by the ability of generated supernatants to increase respiratory burst activity of target macrophages. MAF activity was most apparent using 100 μg ml⁻¹ GL to induce MAF release and a 48-h incubation period with the target macrophages. Finally, GL was shown to enhance the release of MAF in response to the mitogen concanavalin A. The possible use of GL as a stimulant of fish innate defences is discussed.