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41.
A new chamber method and a stripping method were developed for field measurements of the rate of N2O emission from the water surface and for determinations of dissolved N2O in water from agricultural land. These methods were used for the measurement of drainage canal water and flooded water of rice fields during the period of June 1982 to January 1983. The results demonstrate that aquatic systems of agricultural land may provide both source and sink for atmospheric N2O. 相似文献
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Abstract Emission rates of dimethyl sulficle (DMS), carbonyl sulfide (COS), and carbon disulfide (CS2) to the atmosphere from paddy fields at Ryugasaki, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan were measured by using the closed chamber method. DMS was emitted mainly through the rice plant and its emission rate was much higher than those of COS and CS2. During a cropping period COS was slightly absorbed by the rice plant. Significant diurnal and seasonal variations of DMS iuxes were observed. The highest DMS iux was observed immediately after the heading day of rice plant. The annual DMS emission rate was in the order of mineral plot > straw plot > no-N plot, ranging from 4.5 to 6.9 mg S m-2 yr-1. The annual COS emission rate was in the order of straw plot > no-N plot > mineral plot, ranging from -0.2 to 1.8 mg S m-2 yr-1. The annual CS2 emission rate was slightly higher in the straw plot, ranging from 0.9 to 2.0 mg S m-2 yr-1. 相似文献
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In this study, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of anthocyanin-rich mulberry species of Morus nigra L. (black mulberry) and Morus rubra L. (red mulberry) fruits harvested from across Turkey were investigated. Fruit color, total phenolics (TP), total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA), titratable acidity (TA), and individual sugar and organic acid compositions were determined. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of fruits was assessed by both the trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Black mulberry exhibited higher TP, TMA, TAC and TA when compared to red mulberry. The average TP contents of M. nigra and M. rubra were 2737 and 1603 μg gallic acid equivalent in g fresh weight basis (GAE/g fw), respectively. M. nigra had the richest amount of anthocyanin with an average of 571 μg cy-3-glu/g fw. Overall, TAC averaged 10.5 and 12.0 mmol TE/L by the TEAC and FRAP methods, respectively. We found that FRAP, TEAC, TP and TMA were significantly correlated (r = 0.64–0.99) with each other. Fructose (5.27 g/100 mL) and glucose (5.81 g/100 mL) were determined to be the major sugars in both mulberries. M. nigra displayed a higher TA (2.05 g/100 mL) than M. rubra (0.78 g/100 mL), with citric acid as the major acid. 相似文献
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Y Nakamura S Kawazu T Minami 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(1):73-79
Protein composition was compared and epitopes were analyzed among the isolates of Anaplasma centrale and A. marginale by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting using bovine antisera and monoclonal antibodies, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Common and unique proteins were found among the isolates. All isolates tested had a major surface protein with an apparent molecular weight of 38 to 40 kilodalton which had slight molecular size variations between species. This protein was also a dominant immunogen to the host. At least two species-common epitopes, one of which might contain carbohydrate(s), were present on the major surface protein. One species-specific epitope was identified on the major surface protein of A. marginale isolates. 相似文献
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Hakan Salci Sani Sarigul Seref Dogan Huseyin Lekesiz Resat Ozcan O. Sacit Gorgul Kaya Aksoy 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2008,9(2):193-196
We performed biomechanical comparison of a xenograft bone plate-screw (XBPS) system for achieving cadaveric lumbar transpedicular stabilization (TS) in dogs. Twenty dogs'' cadaveric L2-4 lumbar specimens were harvested and their muscles were removed, but the discs and ligaments were left intact. These specimens were separated to four groups: the L2-4 intact group as control (group I, n = 5), the L3 laminectomy and bilateral facetectomy group (LBF) (group II, n = 5), the LBF plus TS with metal plate-screw group (group III, n = 5) and the LBF plus TS with XBPS group (group IV, n = 5). Five kinds of biomechanical tests were applied to the specimens: flexion, extension, left-right bending and rotation. The averages of the 16 stiffness values were calculated and then these were statistically analyzed. The statistical results show that the XBPS system contributes spinal stability and this system can be a good choice for achieving TS. 相似文献
50.
Minami Goto Keishi Owaki Akihiro Hirata Tokuma Yanai Hiroki Sakai 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2019,17(3):285-297
Tumour necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an apoptosis‐inducing cytokine that shows potential therapeutic value for human neoplasms, and is effective in some canine tumours; however, its potential for killing canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) cells is unknown. Thus, we evaluated the proapoptotic effect of TRAIL in nine canine HSA cell lines. Cells (JuA1, JuB2, JuB2‐1, JuB4, Re11, Re12, Re21, Ud2 and Ud6) were cultured with three recombinant human TRAILs (rhTRAILs): TRAIL‐TEC derived from Escherichia coli, TRAIL‐TL derived from mammalian cells and isoleucine zipper recombinant human TRAIL (izTRAIL) containing an isoleucine‐zippered structure that facilitates trimerization. TRAIL‐TEC did not decrease the cell viability in any of the cell lines tested, whereas the other two rhTRAILs effectively decreased the viability of all cell lines as assessed by the WST‐1 assay. In canine HSA cells, izTRAIL induced apoptosis more effectively than TRAIL‐TL. In JuB4, Re12, and Ud6 cells, izTRAIL increased the activation of caspase‐3 and caspase‐8 and caused poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase degradation. Moreover, izTRAIL treatment increased the proportion of Annexin V+/ Propidium iodide (PI)? apoptotic cells and nuclear fragmentation in izTRAIL‐sensitive cells. These results show that rhTRAIL can induce apoptosis in canine HSA cells, but the sensitivity of TRAIL was different depending on the cell lines. Therefore, TRAIL could be an effective therapeutic agent against canine HSA, but the specific mechanism of resistance should be determined to clarify under what conditions this treatment would be most effective. 相似文献