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排序方式: 共有211条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
71.
Different thermotolerances in in vitro‐produced embryos derived from different maternal and paternal genetic backgrounds
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Miki Sakatani Kenichi Yamanaka Ahmed Zaky Balboula Masashi Takahashi 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(12):1934-1942
The present study evaluated the effects of genetic backgrounds on the developmental competence and thermotolerance of bovine in vitro‐produced (IVP) embryos. First, Holstein (Hol) and Japanese Black (JB) oocytes were fertilized with sperm from Hol, JB and a thermotolerant breed (Brahman), and in vitro development was evaluated when the embryos were exposed to heat shock on Day 2 (Day 0 = day of fertilization). Sperm genetic backgrounds affected the developmental competence in controls (P < 0.05). Second, the effect of sperm pre‐incubation for 4 h on subsequent in vitro fertilization was assessed using different sperm genetic backgrounds. The pre‐incubation of sperm did not decrease the embryonic development regardless of the breed of the sperm. A milder heat shock (40.0°C) effect on parthenotes (Hol and JB) and IVP embryos were evaluated. JB parthenotes showed developmental arrest after Day 4, and the rate of development to the blastocyst stage decreased by heat shock, but not in Hol parthenotes. Heat shock decreased developmental competence after cleavage of IVP embryos regardless of genetic background. The thermotolerance of IVP embryos would be controlled by both maternal and paternal factors but genetic involvement was still unclear. Further evaluation is needed to reveal the genetic contribution to thermotolerance. 相似文献
72.
Sachie Shimada Miki Shimizu Miori Kishimoto 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(5):1208-1215
Objective
To determine whether an ultrasound (US)-guided femoral nerve block using a ventral suprainguinal approach could be successfully achieved in sedated dogs; to measure the time to execute the nerve block, onset time, duration, and complete block rate in sensory and motor nerves; and to examine any differences between two volumes for injection.Study design
Blinded crossover experimental study.Animals
A total of 10 clinically healthy adult Beagle dogs.Methods
The femoral nerve of the right pelvic limb was infiltrated with 0.5% bupivacaine at 0.4 (treatment 0.4B) or 0.2 mL kg?1 (treatment 0.2B), or saline at 0.4 mL kg?1 (control) in sedated dogs. The sensory and motor nerve functions were scored on a scale of 0 (complete blockade) to 2 (normal). The onset time and duration of the sensory and motor nerve blockade were compared between treatments 0.4B and 0.2B using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Sensory and motor nerve function scores for each of the three treatments were compared at multiple time points using a nonparametric multiple comparisons test.Results
The time to execute the nerve block was 2.5 ± 0.9 minutes (n = 30). For both 0.4B and 0.2B treatments, the onset times of both the sensory and motor nerve blockades were 15 minutes. The durations of the sensory nerve blockade for 0.4B and 0.2B were 9.9 ± 1.4 and 10.0 ± 1.2 hours, respectively, and those of the motor nerve blockades were 10.5 ± 1.3 and 10.2 ± 1.3 hours, respectively. No adverse effects were noted. No significant difference was observed between 0.4B and 0.2B.Conclusions and clinical relevance
A US-guided femoral nerve block using a ventral suprainguinal approach demonstrated a short onset and long duration with 0.5% bupivacaine 0.2 mL kg?1 and can be performed under sedation in dogs. 相似文献73.
Keisuke Kojiro Tsunehisa Miki Hiroyuki Sugimoto Masamitsu Nakajima Kozo Kanayama 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(2):107-111
To investigate micropores and mesopores in the cell walls of dry wood, CO2 gas and N2 gas adsorption onto dry wood were measured at ice-water temperature (273 K) and liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K). CO2 gas adsorption isotherms obtained were used for determining micropore volumes smaller than 0.6 nm by the HK method (Horvath-Kawazoe
method), and N2 gas adsorption isotherms obtained were used for determining the mesopore volume between 2 nm and 50 nm by the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda
(BJH) method. Micropores and mesopores existed in cell walls of dry wood, and the cumulative pore volume was much larger for
micropores than for mesopores. Micropores in the cell wall of dry wood decreased with elevating heat treatment temperature,
and the decreased micropore was reproducible by wetting and drying. Mesopores did not decrease so much with elevating heat
treatment temperature. Micropore volumes for the softwood Hinoki and the hardwood Buna were compared. A larger amount of micropores
existed in hardwood Buna than in softwood Hinoki, and this relationship was considered to correspond to the difference in
thermal softening properties for lignin in water-swollen Hinoki and Buna. This result probably indicates that micropores in
the cell walls of dry wood relate to the structure of lignin. 相似文献
74.
Toshinori Sako Akihiro Mori Peter Lee Hiroshi Goto Hiroko Fukuta Hitomi Oda Kaori Saeki Yohei Miki Yuki Makino Katsumi Ishioka Hisashi Mizutani Yuzo Kojima Satoshi Koikeda Toshiro Arai 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(2):161-172
Indigestible oligosaccharides have been shown to normalize blood glucose and insulin concentration thereby promoting good health and preventing diseases, such as diabetes. Transglucosidase (TG, α-glucosidase, enzyme code (EC) 3.2.1.20) is an enzyme capable of converting starch to oligosaccharides, such as iso-malto-oligosaccharides from maltose, via the action of amylase. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether oral administration of TG with maltose or dextrin is capable of reducing post-prandial serum glucose concentration in experimentally streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic dogs fed on a high-fiber diet. Five healthy and five STZ-induced diabetic dogs were employed in this study. TG supplementation with dextrin or maltose had no detrimental effect in healthy dogs. In fact, TG and dextrin exhibited a flatlined serum glucose pattern, while reducing mean post-prandial serum insulin and glucose concentration as compared to control diet alone. When TG supplementation was tested in STZ-induced diabetic dogs under the context of a high fiber diet, a 13.8% and 23.9% reduction in mean glucose concentration for TG with maltose and dextrin, respectively was observed. Moreover, TG with dextrin resulted in a 13% lower mean post-prandial glucose concentration than TG with maltose, suggesting that dextrin may be a more efficient substrate than maltose when used at the same concentration (1 g/kg). Our results indicate that TG supplementation with diet can lead to lower postprandial glucose levels versus diet alone. However, the efficacy of TG supplementation may depend on the type of diet it is supplemented with. As such, TG administration may be useful for preventing the progression of diabetes mellitus and in its management in dogs. 相似文献
75.
Jesper Møller Nielsen Mats H. Troedsson Morten Rønn Pedersen Anders Miki Bojesen Henrik Lehn-Jensen Walter W. Zent 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2010
The objective of this study was to compare results from endometrial cytological and bacteriological examinations obtained by two different laboratories. One laboratory used endometrial swabs and the other endometrial biopsies for the examinations. A higher proportion of sterile, cytology positive cases were found in the laboratory using swabs (148/401 [37%] vs 12/237 [5%], P < .0001). In both laboratories it was found that positive cytology was less likely to occur when Escherichia coli was isolated than if other species were isolated. This tendency was significant in both laboratories (P < .05 vs P < .0001). 相似文献
76.
Phytotoxic and antiphytopathogenic compounds from Thai Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. rhizomes
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Rachsawan Mongkol Warinthorn Chavasiri Miki Ishida Kazuhiko Matsuda Masanori Morimoto 《Weed Biology and Management》2015,15(2):87-93
The management of weeds and diseases that are caused by phytopathogenic fungi is important for preventing the loss of agricultural products. The aim of the present study was to identify phytotoxic and antiphytopathogenic agents from the Thai Alpinia galanga rhizome. Extracts of the dried rhizomes of A. galanga (Zingiberaceae) were separated and tested for phytotoxic activity against lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Great Lakes) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Wasefudou) and for antiphytopathogenic activity against Alternaria porri, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora nicotianae. 1′‐Acetoxychavicol acetate ( 1 ) was identified as one of the main components, together with trans‐p‐coumaryl acetate ( 3 ) and trans‐p‐acetoxycinnamyl acetate ( 2 ). 1′‐Acetoxychavicol acetate ( 1 ) was solvolyzed with 2% EtOH to yield trans‐p‐coumaryl ethyl ether ( 6 ), trans‐p‐coumaryl acetate ( 3 ) and trans‐p‐coumaryl alcohol ( 5 ). 1′‐Acetoxychavicol acetate ( 1 ) completely inhibited the root growth of the lettuce seedlings at 50 μg mL–1, but had a weaker inhibitory effect on the growth of Italian ryegrass. 1′‐Acetoxychavicol acetate also inhibited the growth of P. nicotianae and A. porri, with minimum inhibition concentration values of 15.6 and 31.5 μg mL–1, respectively. The plant growth‐inhibitory activity and fungal growth‐inhibitory activity of trans‐p‐coumaryl acetate ( 3 ), trans‐p‐coumaryl ethyl ether, trans‐p‐coumaryl alcohol ( 5 ) and trans‐p‐acetoxycinnamyl acetate ( 2 ) were lower than those of 1′‐acetoxychavicol acetate. A structure–activity relationship suggested that the strong phytotoxic and antiphytopathogenic activity of 1′‐acetoxychavicol acetate relied on the 1′‐acetoxyl group. 相似文献
77.
Innami Satoshi Tabata Kimiko Shimizu Jun Kusunoki Kikue Ishida Hiroshi Matsuguma Miki Wada Masahiro Sugiyama Noriko Kondo Mika 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):55-66
A cholesterol-free diet containing dried powder of Jew's mellow leaves, persimmon leaves or sweet potato leaves respectively at 5% level as dietary fiber was fed to male Sprague-Dawley rats for about one month. The experiment was conducted twice except for sweet potato leaves. In the groups fed the diet mixed with powders of any of the three different dried green leaves, the hepatic cholesterol concentration significantly decreased. Such lowering was not observed in serum cholesterol concentration compared with the control (cellulose) group. A significant increase in fecal weight was observed in all the groups fed the green leaf samples. All the dried green leaves increased fecal excretion of bile acids per gram or per day compared with the control group in both experiments, but only the dried Jew's mellow leaves showed an increased excretion of neutral sterols. These results suggest that lowering of hepatic cholesterol by powdered green leaves is not necessarily due to the same factor, but to the increased fecal excretion of bile acids due to inhibited enterohepatic circulation in animals given these samples. 相似文献
78.
Miki H Lee J Inoue K Ogonuki N Noguchi Y Mochida K Kohda T Nagashima H Ishino F Ogura A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(1):131-137
In several mammalian species, including mice, round spermatids have been used to produce normal offspring by means of microinsemination techniques. In this study, we examined whether mouse round spermatids retrieved from immature testes undergoing the first wave of spermatogenesis had acquired fertilizing ability comparable to cells from mature adults. Microinsemination with round spermatids was performed by direct injection into preactivated oocytes, as previously reported. About 60-85% of the successfully injected oocytes developed to the morula/blastocyst stage after 72 h in culture, irrespective of the age of the males (17-25 days old). After embryo transfer, normal pups were obtained from all age groups, including the day-17 group, the stage at which the first round spermatids appeared. A high correlation (r=0.90) was found between the birth rate and male age (P<0.01, Spearman rank correlation), indicating that the efficiency of producing offspring was dependent on the age of the donor males. Imprinted genes (H19, Igf2, Meg3, and Igf2r) were expressed from the correct parental alleles (maternal, paternal, maternal, and maternal, respectively) in all (n=12) day-9.5 fetuses derived from day-20 spermatids. These results clearly indicate that at least some first-wave spermatogenic cells have a normal haploid genome with the correct paternal imprint and are capable of supporting full-term embryo development, as do mature spermatozoa from adults. The use of male germ cells from immature animals may save time in the production of inbred/congenic strains and rescue male-factor infertility of early onset. 相似文献
79.
Hirao H Inoue T Hoshi K Kobayashi M Shimamura S Shimizu M Tanaka R Takashima K Mori Y Noishiki Y Yamane Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(4):357-362
A new valved conduit was developed using a canine aortic valve. The bioprosthetic valve was fixed with glutaraldehyde and epoxy compound (Denacol-EX313/810). A vascular graft composed of ultra-fine polyester fiber (10 mm in diameter, 200 mm in length) was used. Four dogs underwent apico-aortic valved conduit (AAVC) implantation and aortic banding (bypass group, BG), while another 4 dogs underwent aortic banding without AAVC implantation (control group, CG). Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography were performed for assessment of hemodynamics 2 weeks and 6 months after surgery. Left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and the left ventricular-aortic pressure gradient differed significantly (P<0.01) between the BG and CG dogs. Left ventricular angiocardiography showed patency of the valved conduit in all the BG dogs. Echocardiography was performed before and 2, 4 and 6 months after surgery, and showed that while pressure overload caused concentric myocardial hypertrophy in the CG dogs, the left ventricle dilated eccentrically in the BG dogs. Furthermore, relief of left ventricular pressure overload by AAVC was maintained. 相似文献
80.