大白菜抗根肿病近等基因系的选育及其评价

本研究以具有抗根肿病基因CRb的大白菜‘CR Shinki DH’系为供体亲本,大白菜自交系‘91-12B’为轮回亲本,通过回交和4个阶段的分子标记辅助选择,选育出7个携带CRb基因的抗根肿病近等基因系.通过CRb基因所在大白菜A3染色体的分子标记检测和抗病性鉴定,筛选出抗根肿病、并插入有供体亲本最短染色体片段的3个近等基因系B1S1、B2S2和B3S1.表型分析表明这3个近等基因系的结球相关性状与轮回亲本无显著差异,而且保持了‘91-12B’的配合力.所选育的近等基因系不仅能应用于育种实践,也为通过转录组分析研究根肿病的抗病机理提供了材料.     

利用生物反应器接触培养法增殖笃斯越橘丛生苗

笃斯越橘(Vaccinium uliginosum)又称蓝浆果,属杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)越橘属(Vaccinium)(李亚东,2001),广泛分布于北半球。中国野生笃斯越橘资源主要分布在大兴安岭、小兴安岭地区(李亚东等,2001)。笃斯越橘果实具有营养保健作用(李亚东等,2004),包括消除眼睛疲劳、软化血管、增强人     

Survey of mycotic mastitis in dairy cows from Heilongjiang Province, China

A survey of the prevalence rate, pathogenic subspecies, and risk factors of mycotic mastitis in dairy cows from Heilongjiang Province, China, was conducted. Milk samples from 412 cows with chronic mastitis were collected and cultured on 8 % sheep blood agar, MacConkey agar, and Sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol. Counting of the morphologically distinct colonies was performed, as well as the isolation and identification of organisms through phenotypical and physiological criteria. Four hundred seventy-eight aerobic microorganisms were isolated. Yeasts and yeast-like fungi 35.6 % (170/478) and bacteria 64.4 % (308/478) were isolated. The fungal isolates were identified as Candida (79.4 %), Trichosporon (5.9 %), Aspergillus (7.1 %), Cryptococcus (2.4 %), and Rhodotorula (4.1 %). More than ten species of yeast were isolated including Candida krusei 50/135 (37 %), Candida rugosa 16/135 (11.9 %), and Candida lusitaniae 15/135 (11.1 %). A higher positivity (18.5 and 56.3 %) (P ≤0.05) was observed in cows from environmental temperatures of 0–15 and 15–35 °C than those at <0 °C and in cows affected by the disease for >45 and 30–45 days compared with cows suffering 10–30 days. Meanwhile, a statistically significant difference (44.9 vs. 31.4 %) (P ≤0.05) was observed under extensive raising systems vs. intensive raising systems. It appears that Candida is a major pathogen of mycotic mastitis of dairy cows. Extensive raising system, high environmental temperature (15–35 °C), and the duration of the disease (>30 days) were important risk factors of the incidence of mycotic mastitis. Here, we provide a theoretical foundation for research into preventing and treating mycotic mastitis of dairy cows in China.     

百脉根不定根发育相关基因LcC2DP1的克隆与功能初步分析

为研究百脉根（Lotus corniculatus L.）C2钙依赖蛋白激酶基因LcC2DP1在不定根形成过程中的功能,通过RACE法从百脉根中克隆LcC2DP1基因,利用qRT-PCR检测其时空表达模式,并通过农杆菌介导的瞬时表达系统在百脉根中过量表达LcC2DP1并鉴定其功能。结果显示：LcC2DP1基因全长705 bp,编码235个氨基酸,分子质量为25.95 ku,与蒺藜苜蓿同源性最高（82%）;在百脉根不定根分化过程中持续表达,表达部位为根、茎和叶片;与野生型亲本（WT）相比,转LcC2DP1基因百脉根（TP）的不定根分化提前1~2 d;在不定根分化的9~15 d ,其总根长分别是WT的168%、155%,根体积分别是WT的249%、161%,根尖数分别是WT的156%、137%。TP百脉根的总根长（P<0.01）、根体积（P<0.01）和根尖数（P<0.05）表现出一定的发育优势,表明LcC2DP1基因可能与百脉根不定根发育调控相关。     

接种茎段的部位与长度对无核枣试管苗生长的影响

将不同部位与不同长度的无核枣试管苗茎段接种于附加IBA 0．5mg／L和蔗糖15g／L的1／2 MS培养基上进行培养,上部茎段形成试管苗的新生茎长、总茎长、生根率等指标均极显著高于中、下部茎段,中、下部茎段之间上述指标无明显差异;长茎段（15～20mm）形成试管苗的新生茎长、总茎长、生根率及根长等指标均极显著高于短茎段（5～10mm）。上述结果表明,接种茎段的部位与长度对无核枣试管苗的生长有明显的影响,接种上部茎段和增加接种茎段的长度有利于促进试管苗的生长。     

试论原条合理造材

本文论述和分析了我国原条合理造材技术的发展和研究情况,归纳和探讨合理造材方法。     

新型低压绝缘分裂导线供电模式的实施与展望

针对目前低压电网普遍存在的电能损耗偏高、电压质量差及窃电严重等问题,研制一种新型低压绝缘分裂导线,并基于该导线结构特点提出了供电新模式。示范区二年多的实施结果表明,其经济社会效益显著,对减轻农民电费负担、节支增效有重要的实际意义。     

烤烟新品种优质、适产性的初步研究

品种“云８５”产值最高,品种９５３０４、９５３０９分别位于第二、第三．３个品种外观质量都与２个对照相仿,化学成分协调．评吸鉴定结果品种９５３０４、９５３０９都优于“云８５”,相近主对照ＮＣ８９,优于副对照Ｋ３２６．     

克百威、丁硫克百威和丙硫克百威登记现状及其潜在风险关注分析

本文介绍了克百威、丁硫克百威和丙硫克百威登记和管理现状,分析了蔬菜、水果、食用菌和茶叶中克百威残留监测及残留超标原因,比较了各国(地区组织)的克百威最大残留限量,阐述了美国和欧盟国外对水生生物和鸟类风险评估结论,提出了风险评估与管理方面的建议。