Comparison of the glucosinolate-myrosinase systems among daikon (Raphanus sativus, Japanese white radish) varieties

Myrosinase is a cytosolic plant enzyme present in daikon ( Raphanus sativus, Japanese white radish) roots that hydrolyzes 4-methylthio-3-butenyl glucosinolate (MTBGLS) into the natural pungent agent 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate (MTBITC), which possesses antimicrobial, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic properties. The concentration of MTBGLS, myrosinase activity, and production of MTBITC in seven daikon varieties (one conventional and six heirlooms) were determined to rank the activity of the glucosinolate-myrosinase system and identify critical factors influencing the production of MTBITC. The six heirloom varieties produced 2.0-11.5 times higher levels of MTBITC as compared to the conventional variety, Aokubi, which is consumed by the present Japanese population. The myrosinase was located exclusively in the outer epidermal layer in Aokubi, and MTBGLS was widely distributed throughout the root tissue. Although the skin is a potentially rich source of myrosinase in Aokubi, the skin is usually peeled off in the current practice of preparing daikon for cooking. New practices are therefore proposed for the preparation of daikon tubers that eliminate the peeling of the skin to avoid removing the enzyme needed to convert MTBGLS to the health-beneficial MTBITC. It is also concluded that the consumption of heirloom daikon varieties in addition to changes in food preparation will optimize the health benefits of daikon.     

草原红牛转铁蛋白和后转铁蛋白多态性及其与生产性能相关性研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between blood protein polymorphism of red steppe and its performance.[Method]Two blood protein polymorphic loci were detected in transferring(Tf)and posttremsferr(Ptf)from thirteen red steppes and eighteen hybrid of limousin and red steppe by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.[Result]Tf and Ptf were controlled by three and two alleles respectively.[Conclusion]The variance analysis of blood protein polymorphic loci and its performance indicates that two protein loci have a positive or negative correlation with some traits of red steppe and the improved limousin cattle population.     

欧拉羊与乔科羊杂交后代屠宰性能分析

用欧拉羊杂交改良乔科羊,生产的欧乔杂交F1代羔羊,18月龄时公、母羊体重增加9.06kg和3.77 kg,比对照组分别提高了20.92%和9.08%。试验组F1代18月龄公、母羊体重、体高、胸围及公羊体长极显著的高于对照组(P(0.01);母羊体长显著高于同期对照组母羊(P(0.05)。屠宰试验结果表明,欧乔杂交F1代18月龄公、母羊屠宰前活重比同龄的乔科羊对照组后代分别高8.94 kg和6.00 kg,胴体重比同龄的乔科羊对照组后代分别高4.88 kg和3.27 kg,差异极显著;屠宰率比同龄的乔科羊对照组后代分别高1.43%和1.10%,差异不显著。     

去除优势种后高寒针茅化草甸群落对增温增雨及其协同作用的响应

2015年6~8月在青海省海北州高寒针茅化草甸草原进行了模拟气候变化及去除优势种紫花针茅(Stipapurpurea)野外控制试验。通过设置增温2℃,增加降雨量20%,研究植物优势种丧失后气候因素对物种多样性和群落稳定性的影响。结果表明:去除紫花针茅后,增温,增雨及两者的交互作用对植物高度、盖度及地上生物量均没有显著影响;增温处理下Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Pielou均匀度指数均与对照差异显著(P0.05),说明增温可以提高植物群落的丰富度和均匀度,增雨处理下3个多样性指数均为最高值;去除优势植物紫花针茅后,植物物种数与植物盖度,植物盖度及优势度指数均呈显著正相关。     

农牧民家庭档案管理系统的设计与实现

本文具体介绍了一个农牧民家庭档案管理软件系统,该系统采用数据分散收集、查询与统一集成处理相结合的两级数据库设计结构,既能适应目前基层乡镇独立建立农牧户家庭档案的发展现状,也为进一步向网络化管理平滑过渡建立了统一规范的数据基础.系统实现中针对家庭档案的特点解决了录入数据格式、录入项目灵活设置等问题,满足了家庭档案格式、主题随时间不断扩展、变化的需求.还实现了统计结果查询、多维度统计分析等数据分析的特色功能来为管理决策分析服务.这些功能为建立统一规范、可扩展的实用农牧民家庭档案提供了保障.使该系统成为具体落实农牧户家庭档案工作的一种有效实践手段.     

Endangered plant life

This paper discusses ways and means of more effective action, on an international scale, for the protection of endangered plant life, and shows how, in places where people have become aware of possessing spectacular or unique examples of plant life, they have often added to amenities around sacred places and created inviolate parts of the world's heritage. Good results for conservation of representative areas have been reached locally through improved attitudes towards rational land-use planning, great caution in the employment of herbicides and pesticides, recognition in forestry of the need for a systems planning for natural areas, and awareness that the great diversity of the green plant cover, of flowers and trees, is among the most delightful features helping to keep the Earth as a livable and beautiful environment. Plant protection can be a very good and profitable way to promote local tourism.     

Relationship between milk production and somatic cell count in dairy cows in East Gippsland

SUMMARY The analysis of records for 75 821 herd tests on 23 700 cows in the Macalister Irrigation District of East Gippsland, using a model that also included stage of lactation, herd and cow effects, found a strong relationship between somatic cell count and milk production. Unit increases in the natural logarithm of the somatic cell count were associated with decreases in production of up to 2.6% in the range 54 598 to 403 429 cells per mL. This is equivalent to a decrease of 1.9% for a doubling of cell count from 100 000 to 200 000 cells per mL. Subclinical mastitis was assessed to be a significant source of loss in milk production in the study area.     

Development and trial of a bovine herpesvirus 1 - thymidine kinase deletion virus as a vaccine

SUMMARY An Australian bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) isolate with a defined (427 base pair) deletion in the protein coding region of the thymidine kinase gene was obtained by standard marker rescue procedures. After selection in the presence of the nucleotide analogue 5iodo-deoxy-uridine the virus was analysed by hybridisation with three differential oligonucleotide probes, restriction endonuclease profile studies and DNA sequence analysis. The virus elicited an immune response in recipient animals after either intramuscular or intravenous administration and produced no significant deleterious side-effects when administered at a dose sufficient to stimulate the host immune response. The safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant BHV1 virus 39B1 were similar to those reported for other registered BHV1 vaccines and the virus would appear to be suitable for the production of a vaccine seed lot and more exhaustive field trials as a prelude to commercial vaccine production and registration.