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71.
Fifteen controlled field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy against gastrointestinal nematodes and safety of ivermectin when applied topically to cattle in Australia. Three hundred and fifty-one cattle received ivermectin, and 88 were untreated controls. The trials were conducted in 3 States and included a variety of cattle breeds and environmental conditions. Faecal samples were collected before treatment and 11 to 14 days after treatment for nematode egg counts. Data from these trials show that under Australian conditions, ivermectin applied along the mid line of the back from the withers to the sacral region at a dose rate of 500 mcg/kg body weight, effectively controlled gastrointestinal nematode infections, and did not produce unacceptable adverse reactions in the animals. 相似文献
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猪舍内气流变化的模拟研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
圈养动物舍内的气流变化对于室内的污染物扩散起到非常关键的作用,采用基于有限容积方法的计算流体动力学(CFD)软件对建于奥胡斯大学农业工程研究所空气物理实验室中的1:12.5猪舍模型内的气流进行了稳态和三维模拟。将模拟的气流速度与室内一个参考点的实际测试速度进行了对比,同时分析了气流入口不同紊流动能及扩散率取值对室内测试参考点气流速度模拟值的影响。结果表明,模拟值与测试值的相对误差在0.4%~11.4%之间。 相似文献
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Abstract CASE HISTORY: In 2008, six lambs within a flock of Dorpercross sheep were born with musculoskeletal and neurological disease. Clinical signs included hindlimb weakness, and urinary incontinence. CLINICAL FINDINGS: All lambs had focal, inverted areas of alopecic skin over the caudal sacrum, and short, often kinked tails. Four affected lambs were subject to euthanasia, and necropsied. On gross examination, the arches of sacral vertebrae were absent, and spinal nerves and meninges were adherent to the overlying subcutis. Other gross lesions included narrow, elongated skulls, herniation of the occipital lobes into the caudal fossas, hydrocephalus, and syringomyelia. One lamb had coning of the cerebellar vermis, but cerebellar herniation through the foramen magnum was not identified. DIAGNOSIS: Spina bifida, with associated malformations of the central nervous system. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Examination of breeding records suggested either an autosomal recessive or partially penetrant autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Because of the associated tail lesions it is proposed that the pathogenesis of this syndrome involves a defect in development of the tail bud (secondary neurulation), that tethering of the spinal cord resulted in the clinical signs, and abnormal pressure of the cerebral spinal fluid resulted in the defects in the skull and brain. 相似文献
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In 2009–2010, an unusual lymphoproliferative disease was identified in multiple siblings from successive litters of Manx cats, suggesting a genetic predisposition to development of this disease. Presentation of disease in the cats had multiple similarities with the human disease ALPS, a rare inherited disorder that causes persistent lymphoproliferation, together with variable manifestations of autoimmunity and increased susceptibility to neoplasia. The majority of human ALPS patients have inherited Fas gene mutations, causing defective apoptosis of lymphocytes, although for a proportion of ALPS patients the underlying genetic mutations remain unknown. In order to identify the likely mode of inheritance of the disease, further matings of potential carrier cats are in progress. Studies to investigate the potential role of abnormalities in the Fas gene in the development of the disease in cats are also proposed. Identifying and further characterising the nature and mechanism of the disease in cats may allow better understanding of the development, progression, and treatment of ALPS in humans. 相似文献
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SC Finch JS Munday BL Sutherland JB Vlaming LR Fletcher 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):322-326
Abstract
AIMS
To determine if equine fescue oedema (EFO) induced by grazing Mediterranean-type tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) infected with selected endophytes (Epichloë coenophiala) could be prevented by treatment with the corticosteroid, methylprednisolone, and anti-histamine, cetirizine, and to determine concentrations of lolines, specifically N-acetyl norloline (NANL), in grasses grazed by horses that did and did not develop EFO. 相似文献79.
CA O'Leary DL Duffy MA Gething C McGuckin JS Rand 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):354-358
AIM: To investigate, in a pilot study, a possible genetic component to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in Burmese cats in New Zealand by analysing pedigree data.METHODS: Pedigrees were obtained for 305 Burmese cats living in New Zealand; diabetes was diagnosed in 19 of these due to presence of polyuria and polydipsia, persistent concentrations of glucose in plasma >16?mmol/L and glucosuria prior to insulin treatment. Pedigrees were also submitted for 16 cats with no clinical signs of T2D. The remaining 270 cats were unobserved relatives of these individuals. Inbreeding coefficients and heritability were calculated, and a single major locus model segregation analysis was conducted using pedigree analysis software.RESULTS: Nineteen cats were diagnosed with T2D. Males (n = 14) and females (n = 5) were both affected, suggesting that the gene or genes causing diabetes are autosomal rather than sex-linked. Examination of the pedigree revealed few signs of fully penetrant dominant gene action: diabetes was ostensibly rarely seen in sequential generations and nearly always skipped at least one and often more generations; apparently unaffected offspring of apparently unaffected parents sometimes produced affected progeny. The mean relatedness of the affected animals within the core pedigree (16 diabetic cats) was 0.049, and mean inbreeding 0.033. Based on 100,000 permutations of the trait values, the expected relatedness of a random sample of 16 animals taken from the phenotyped animals would be 0.013 (SD 0.007) (permutation p = 0.0009). The observed inbreeding was also significant (permutation p= 0.02).Heritability was estimated to be 9 (95% CI = 0–57)% assuming all animals with unknown status were unaffected. The best fitting genetic model was a major gene model with dominant expression with the risk allele frequency at 15% with 60% penetrance.CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study the increased inbreeding in the cases, lack of likely sampling bias, the increased frequency of T2D in Burmese, and small number of breed founders are consistent with the involvement of a major locus in diabetes in Burmese cats with a significant risk allele prevalence. However, low case numbers meant this could not be unambiguously confirmed. A genome-wide association study may be useful for investigating the genetic cause of T2D. 相似文献
80.
GF Mackereth KM Webb JS O'Keefe PJ Duignan R Kittelberger 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):428-432
AIM: To conduct a longitudinal serological survey for evidence of Brucella spp and Leptospira spp infection of pre-weaned New Zealand fur seals in a colony on the Otago Peninsula. METHODS: Seal pups were repeatedly captured on a monthly basis from February through to July 2001. Pups were tagged at first capture and a blood sample was taken at each capture event. A total of 163 sera were collected from 118 seal pups. Where sufficient volume was collected, the sera were tested for leptospirosis using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), and for brucellosis using the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Brucella abortus. RESULTS: None of 128 sera from 101 seals tested positive to the ELISA for B. abortus. All tests for Leptospira interrogans serovars Grippotyphosa, Copenhageni, Bratislava and Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Ballum were negative at a cut-off of <1/100 dilution. Positive or suspicious titres were found to L. interrogans serovars Canicola and Pomona and L. borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo. The highest titres (12,800) were found to serovar Pomona. The titre to serovar Pomona in one seal rose from <1/50 in March to 12,800 in April and was <1/50 when re-sampled in July. The titre to serovar Pomona in another seal dropped from 12,800 in May to <1/50 in June. These seals also had titres to serovar Hardjo, which rose or fell in the same manner. All suspicious or positive titres occurred in late April and early May, when the pups were approximately 4–5 months old. In June and July, all seals tested were negative. CONCLUSIONS: There was no serological evidence of Brucella infection in the pre-weaned fur seals at the colony. Positive titres to serovars Pomona, Hardjo, or Canicola suggest that a Leptospira species was present at the colony, however isolation or visualisation of the organism is required to confirm this. Care should be exercised when handling New Zealand fur seals to prevent human infection or inadvertent transfer of leptospirosis to another marine mammal species. 相似文献