IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—IMAGING AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A VERTEBRAL HAMARTOMA IN A CAT

A 9‐month‐old domestic shorthair cat had progressive ambulatory paraparesis, proprioceptive ataxia, and thoracolumbar hyperesthesia. An extradural mass affecting the left pedicle and lamina of the second lumbar vertebra (L2) causing marked spinal cord impingement was identified in magnetic resonance (MR) images. The mass was predominantly calcified in computed tomographic (CT) images. A hemilaminectomy was performed to resect the mass. Clinical signs were greatly improved at 12‐month follow‐up. The histopathologic diagnosis was vascular hamartoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the MR characteristics of a vascular hamartoma associated with the vertebral column.     

Expression profiles of immunity and reproductive genes during transition period in Holstein cattle

The transition period is a critical time for dairy cows as the animal is subjected to the physiological stress accompanying parturition. Immunosuppression and health status were examined during this period in 80 Holstein cows. Blood samples were taken from each cow 3, 2 and 1 week before and after calving, and at calving (0 day). RNA was extracted and subjected to real‐time PCR to determine mRNA levels for the immune‐related genes TLR 2, 4, 6, 7 and β‐defensin 5 in addition to the reproduction‐related genes prolactin and IGF‐I. Results showed significant up‐regulation of pro‐inflammatory‐selected genes, TLR 4, 6 7 and β‐defensin 5 at the third‐week post‐calving; however, earlier periods had lower expression of such genes. In contrast, the immunosuppression biomarker TLR2 gene was up‐regulated at calving and 1 week after parturition and then down‐regulated again at second and third week. Prolactin and IGF‐I genes expression levels were significantly and gradually increased mainly post‐partum. This research highlights that the expression patterns of TLRs, BNBD5, PRL and IGF‐I could be biomarkers to follow up immune and reproductive status of dairy cow at peri‐parturient period to predict the most susceptible risk time for disease incidence and to build up management protocol.     

Dynamic tracheal collapse associated with disseminated histiocytic sarcoma in a cat

This case report describes an unusual presentation of histiocytic sarcoma in a domestic shorthair cat. Initial investigation revealed a haemodynamically insignificant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, bronchitis and a mild irregularity of the cervical trachea. The cat's disease progressed over a two-week period. Repeat radiography and tracheoscopy revealed a marked dynamic tracheal collapse associated with a raised plaque-like lesion within the cervical trachea. Subsequent post-mortem examination and histopathology revealed disseminated histiocytic sarcoma involving the trachea and kidneys. This is the first reported case of a histiocytic sarcoma involving the trachea in either dogs or cats.     

Effects of purified Pasteurella multocida dermonecrotoxin on the nasal ventral turbinates of fattening pigs: histological observations.

Fattening specific pathogen-free derived pigs were injected intramuscularly with dermonecrotoxin of Pasteurella multocida, capsular type D. Ten days later, the nasal ventral turbinates and liver were examined histologically. A moderate turbinate atrophy was observed due to an increased number of osteoclasts and the absence of intramembranous bone apposition. Liver lesions were limited to some hepatocyte necrosis, sinusoid neutrophil infiltration and Kupffer cell hypertrophy. This study demonstrated that adult pigs are sensitive to P. multocida dermonecrotoxin.     

Detection of cervical bacterial contamination in swine by two methods of swabbing in relation to artificial insemination.

Factors associated with uterine contamination during artificial insemination (AI) are not well defined. A frequently imputed risk factor is vulvar hygiene, although its role has never been assessed objectively. The aim of this study was to identify an objective marker of hygiene during AI and to assess the impact of vulvar hygiene on cervical contamination. In a herd in a depopulation-repopulation process, 68 paired sows of each parity were divided into 2 treatment groups. Before 2 sham AIs, with a 24 hour interval, control sows (CTR) had their vulva cleaned and treatment sows (TRT) had theirs soiled with feces. After the 2nd sham AI, swabbings were taken from the spirette and from the cervix. Bacterial growth was assessed by a semiquantitative method, and aerobic bacterial species identified. The discordance between the paired data was assessed by a McNemar chi-square test. No difference in gram-positive bacterial counts between the 2 groups was found using the cervical swab (P > 0.05). The presence of trace colonies of Escherichia coli were, however, more frequent in TRT (P < 0.05). The spirette showed a greater contamination for mixed flora of bacterial species such as E. coli (P < 0.001) and non-S. suis streptococci (P < 0.05) in TRT sows. A light cervical E. coli growth was more frequent when the vulva had been soiled. Bacterial flora on the spirette following AI may be used as an objective and practical indicator of vulvar hygiene during AI in sows.     

沙棘叶水提物适应原性及安全性评价

本文评估了沙棘叶水提物在大白鼠体内的适应原活性和毒性.提取物的剂量依赖性适应原活性的研究采取将小鼠置于低温(5℃),低压(428mmHg),抑制(C-H-R)的环境下的30min前口服不同剂量的沙棘叶水提物.在亚急性毒性中,连续14d每天口服10倍和20倍最大有效剂量（每天口服1g/kg体重和2g/kg体重）和连续30...     

Effect of dietary protein on growth, feed conversion, body composition and survival of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca)

Triplicate groups of pike perch (Sander lucioperca) juveniles were fed six experimental diets containing protein levels varying from 263 to 619 g kg⁻¹ dry matter (d.m.) for 56 days. Dietary protein was supplied by graded amounts of fish meal (with 720 g kg⁻¹ crude protein). Crude lipid and gross energy content of 101–107 g kg⁻¹ and 19.9–20.6 MJ kg⁻¹ remained constant between experimental diets. Pike perch with an initial body weight of 1.05 ± 0.05 g were randomly distributed in 18 tanks of two similar recirculation systems and fed on gradually decreasing feeding rates of 10 to 6% of their body weight per day. Growth performance and feed conversion increased with dietary protein level from 263 to 549 g kg⁻¹ d.m. but did not decline at highest dietary protein level. Protein efficiency ratio declined linearly with increasing dietary protein. Survival ranged between 89.7 and 93.9% and was not affected by dietary composition. Dry matter and crude lipid content of pike perch fingerlings decreased with increasing dietary protein supply and significantly the lowest dry matter and crude lipid levels were observed in fish fed diets containing 619 g kg⁻¹ of crude protein. The dietary protein requirement for pike perch fingerlings calculated by broken‐line and second‐order polynomial regression ranged between 529 and 577 g kg⁻¹, respectively.     

Jaw ulcers in Atlantic tomcod, Microgadus tomcod (Walbaum), from the St Lawrence River

A survey of external lesions on Atlantic tomcod from the St Lawrence River was carried out between mid-December 1992 and the end of January 1993 ( n = 1674). Jaw ulcerations were observed in 3.8% of the fish. These ulcers were usually single, and located at the junction between the skin epidermis and oral mucosa. They progressed from shallow lesions to deep ulcers with pathological fracture of the facial bone secondary to osteitis. The aetiology of these lesions could not be determined. Fish with ulcers were generally older than those of the monitored spawning population. The reason for a higher prevalence in older tomcods is unknown, but decreased immune functions and healing capacity caused by ageing are suggested as potential predisposing factors.