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71.
研究不同时期接种丛枝菌根真菌根内球囊菌(Glomus intraradices,GI)对大棚土壤栽培黄瓜植株生长、产量及营
养品质的影响。结果表明:黄瓜不同时期接种GI 对其生长均有促进作用,与不接菌的对照相比,播种时接菌和移栽时接菌处理使黄瓜的单株产量分别提高54%、34%;播种时接菌处理的黄瓜叶片的叶绿素含量比对照显著提高了14.7%~17.7%;播种时接菌和移栽时接菌的黄瓜硝酸盐含量较对照分别下降了9.4% 和15.0%,总糖含量分别比对照提高了8.9% 和7.1%;移栽时接菌处理的黄瓜粗蛋白含量比对照提高了4.6%;播种时接菌和移栽时接菌显著提高了黄瓜VC 含量。表明接种GI 对黄瓜生长和产量品质具有一定的改善作用。 相似文献
72.
Ulrike Auer J. Peter Schramel Yves P. Moens Martina Mosing Christina Braun 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2019,46(2):200-208
Objective
To assess changes in the distribution in pulmonary ventilation in anaesthetized ponies using electrical impedance tomography (EIT).Study design
Prospective experimental study.Animals
A group of eight adult pony geldings.Methods
General anaesthesia was induced and maintained using isoflurane in oxygen with volume-controlled ventilation [tidal volume (VT) (10 mL kg?1), respiratory rate (8–12 breaths minute?1)] to maintain end-tidal carbon dioxide between 35 and 40 mmHg (4.66–5.32 kPa). Regional distribution of ventilation was assessed with EIT (plane of fifth to sixth intercostal space) at 30, 60 and 90 minutes after intubation. The resulting functional images were divided into four regions of interest (ROI, A–D) to determine: 1) the ratio of VT distribution between dependent to nondependent lung (D/ND) and 2) changes in distribution within the lungs in the latero-lateral direction. The centre of ventilation (COV) was calculated. The dimension of the chest in the latero-lateral (W) and dorso-ventral (H) direction was measured at the height of the withers and the W/H ratio was calculated. The influence of time on the D/ND ratio, COV and ROI A–D were analysed with anova followed by post hoc Bonferroni tests. Pearson correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination (r2) were calculated to evaluate the relationship between the W/H ratio and D/ND ratio, and COV. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.Results
The median D/ND ratio (T30–T90) was 0.67 (0.40–1.01) and for COV 31.15% (11.20–45.20), confirming the expected uneven distribution of ventilation. The D/ND ratio had a moderate negative correlation with the W/H ratio (r = ?0.68, r2 = 0.46, p < 0.001), while the COV did not correlate with the W/H ratio (r = ?0.04).Conclusions and clinical relevance
Uneven ventilation in mechanically ventilated right laterally recumbent anaesthetized ponies occurs within 30 minutes and changed little over the following 60 minutes. 相似文献73.
Asheber Tegegn Martina Kyalo Collins Mutai Jean Hanson Getnet Asefa Appolinaire Djikeng 《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2019,36(2):129-133
Brachiaria is a tropical, warm-season grass native to Africa. It is an extensively cultivated forage in the tropics with proven benefits on livestock productivity. Brachiaria is well-known for high biomass production, animal nutrition, carbon sequestration, biological nitrification inhibition, soil conservation, and adaptation to drought and low fertility soils. However, the use of Brachiaria grass for fodder production in Africa has been little explored largely due to lack of cultivars suitable to different production environments. The exploration and use of natural diversity is fundamental for an efficient Brachiaria breeding program. We analysed genetic diversity and population structure of 112 Ethiopian Brachiaria brizantha accessions using 23 microsatellite markers. A total of 459 alleles were detected with an average polymorphic information content of 0.75 suggesting high discriminating ability of these markers. The molecular variance analysis showed a high contribution (86%) of within-cluster differences to the total variation. Three allelic pools revealed by STRUCTURE analysis in 112 accessions were in agreement with the clustering patterns seen in neighbor-joining tree and principal coordinates analyses. A core collection of 39 B. brizantha accessions was constituted. This study concludes a high genetic diversity of Ethiopian B. brizantha accessions and their importance in Brachiaria breeding programs. 相似文献
74.
Emili Alcoverro Erika Bersan Daniel Sanchez‐Masian Martina Piviani 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2019,48(1):78-82
A 1‐year‐old, female intact Pug dog was presented to the Small Animal Teaching Hospital of the University of Liverpool with a 4‐week history of progressive multifocal intracranial signs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected multiple hemorrhagic lesions in the brain. The Baermann and zinc sulfate flotation tests with centrifugation, performed on fecal samples, were positive for lungworm larvae and an antigenic test confirmed Angiostrongylus vasorum infection. Anthelmintic treatment was started with a consequent marked clinical improvement. Seventy days later, the dog was clinically normal, and no larvae were detected on the Baermann test. Repeat MRI of the brain revealed marked improvement of the hemorrhagic lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF) showed marked eosinophilic pleocytosis, and anthelmintic treatment was restarted. A follow‐up CSF analysis 4 months after the first presentation revealed resolution of the eosinophilic pleocytosis. This is the first case report of marked eosinophilic pleocytosis associated with neural A vasorum infection in a dog. The CSF eosinophilic pleocytosis persisted for several weeks after treatment, even in the absence of concurrent clinical signs and with a negative A vasorum Baermann test. 相似文献
75.
Aleš Lebeda Barbora Mieslerová Marek Petřivalský Lenka Luhová Martina Špundová Michaela Sedlářová Vladimíra Nožková-Hlaváčková David A. C. Pink 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,138(3):569-596
Tomato powdery mildew (Oidium neolycopersici) is one of the most devastating diseases of cultivated tomatoes worldwide. Although the first epidemics were recorded more than 25 years ago many aspects of this host-pathogen interaction are still not well understood. Detailed morphological and molecular studies of the anamorphs confirmed that O. neolycopersici is phylogeneticaly close to Erysiphe aquilegiae var. ranunculi. Host range is rather broad, apart from Solanaceae hosts were found in the families Apocynaceae, Campanulaceae, Crassulaceae, Cistaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Linaceae, Malvaceae, Papaveraceae, Pedialiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Valerianaceae a Violaceae. Non-host resistance within these families is not based on inhibition of formation of primary haustorium, however, on post-haustorial hypersensitive reponse and another type of non-hypersensitive resistance. Screening of wild Solanum species (previous Lycopersicon spp.) germplasm revealed valuable sources of resistance (S. habrochaites, S. pennellii, S. cheesmaniae, S. chilense, S. peruvianum). The main resistance mechanism was found to be a hypersensitive response (HR), in some cases followed by limited development of the pathogen. However, there is a broad variation in resistance response on the histological and cytological level. Interaction between many wild Solanum spp. and O. neolycopersici is race-specific, at least three races were differentiated. In some interspecific crosses (S. lycopersicum × S. habrochaites) adult plant resistance was observed. Biochemical studies focusing on production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxidase activity during infection of O. neolycopersici showed that production of ROS and activity of corresponding enzymes is related to activation of defence responses in genotypes of wild Solanum sect. Lycopersicon. The significance of nitric oxide (NO) in O. neolycopersici pathogenesis was supported by experiments with NO donors and scavengers. In moderately resistant genotype S. chmielewskii, treatment by heat stress caused slight deceleration of pathogen development, increased production of jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) and increased peroxidase activity in infected plants. The different degree of tomato resistance/susceptibility did not markedly change the rate and extent of photosynthetic response to O. neolycopersici; only minimal impairment of photosynthesis was found in both susceptible and moderately resistant genotypes during the first 9 days after inoculation. The accumulated evidence confirm a crucial role of localised increased production of ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in response to pathogen penetration into plant tissue and its involvement in the plant resistance responses including the initiation and progression of plant cell death in host wild Solanum species. Crucial points of further research are discussed. 相似文献
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79.
The soil hydrogenases of chernozem and eolian sand were different with respect to their kinetic properties. Increase of soil moisture above optimum moisture content or prior incubation of the soils under very high H2-mixing ratios (i.e. 1%) resulted in a decrease of Vmax or in an increase of the Km of the H2 oxidation reaction. Under anaerobic conditions, the Km for H2 was higher and Vmax was lower than under aerobic conditions. The anaerobic H2-oxidation activity of both soils was stimulated by the addition of artificial electron acceptors with redox potentials of at least 80 mV. Ferricyanide as the most efficient stimulator did not function as a final electron acceptor for anaerobic H2-oxidation, but acted as a catalyst by bypassing a rate-limiting electron transport step. In eolian sand, the aerobic as well as the anaerobic activity for atmospheric H2 oxidation decreased upon exposure to very high H2-mixing ratios (i.e. 1%). A similar effect was observed after incubation with ferricyanide which enabled the inflow of excess electrons from soil reductants or added NADH into the electron transport system of the soil hydrogenase with anaerobic activity. The activity for atmospheric H2 oxidation was regenerated during incubation in H2-free atmospheres, especially in the presence of oxygen. Inhibition and regeneration were probably due to alterations in components of the soil hydrogenases caused by the extent of a maximal electron flow through the electron transport system of the soil hydrogenases. Two classes of hydrogenase activities were discerned in eolian sand: one predominantly active under aerobic and the other under anaerobic conditions. 相似文献
80.
Griot C Vandevelde M Schobesberger M Zurbriggen A 《Animal health research reviews / Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases》2003,4(1):1-10
Paramyxoviruses are responsible for a wide variety of diseases both in humans and in animals. Common to many paramyxoviruses is the fact that they can cause neurological symptoms in their final host. Newly discovered paramyxoviruses, such as the Hendra and Nipah viruses, show the same pattern of pathogenesis as that of the paramyxoviruses already known. Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a well-studied member of the genus Morbillivirus. Study of the neuropathogenesis of CDV might give insight into disease mechanisms and suggest approaches for the prevention of other recently discovered paramyxovirus infections. 相似文献