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31.
Anne Moussart Emmanuel Wicker Bernard Le Delliou Jean-Marie Abelard Robert Esnault Emile Lemarchand François Rouault Frédéric Le Guennou Marie-Laure Pilet-Nayel Alain Baranger Francis Rouxel Bernard Tivoli 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,123(2):153-158
The main objective of the study was to describe the horizontal and vertical distribution of Aphanomyces root rot in a naturally infested pea field. Measurements of inoculum potential clearly indicated a horizontal distribution
of inoculum among several foci in the field, these foci differing in size and disease intensity. A highly significant relationship
was observed between disease severity on plants during the cropping season and soil inoculum potential. In terms of the vertical
distribution of inoculum in the soil, detection was maximal at a depth of 10 to 40 cm, but inoculum was detected down to a
depth of 60 cm. Generally, inoculum potential was lowest for the layers at depths of 0 to 10 and 50 to 60 cm. Inoculum distribution
and the value of the methodologies used are discussed in terms of possible use for epidemiology and disease forecasting. 相似文献
32.
Benoit Marçais Miloslava Kavkova Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau 《Annals of Forest Science》2009,66(8):814-814
33.
Bencharif D Amirat-Briand L Garand A Anton M Schmitt E Desherces S Delhomme G Langlois ML Barrière P Destrumelle S Vera-Munoz O Tainturier D 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):440-447
Twenty semen samples taken from 5 dogs were frozen in liquid nitrogen at ?196 °C in four different extenders: one control extender based on 20% egg yolk, 6% LDL alone (low density lipoproteins: the active cryoprotective principle in chicken egg yolk), 6% LDL combined with 20 mmol glutamine, and Equex® (a reference extender that we wish to compare with the LDL-glutamine combination). After thawing, spermatozoal motility was evaluated using a HAMILTON THORNE CERROS 12 image analyzer; the percentage of motile spermatozoa was 27.7% in the egg yolk extender (p < 0.05), 49.9% with 6% LDL alone (p > 0.05), 54.7% in the 6% LDL + 20 mmol glutamine extender, and 47.9% with Equex® (p > 0.05). The motility parameters (VAP, VCL, VSL and ALH) were also superior in the 6% LDL + 20 mmol glutamine extender in comparison with the other extenders.Finally, the spermatozoa were generally better protected during freezing with the 6% LDL + 20 mmol glutamine association than with the egg yolk, 6% LDL, or Equex extenders in terms of the flagellar plasma membrane (HOS test), DNA (Acridine orange test), and acrosome integrity (Spermac® test: no significant difference). The Equex® extender obtained the best results for the acrosome, followed by 6% LDL + 20 mmol glutamine (FITC-PSA test: p < 0.05 between each extender). 相似文献
34.
Ingesting meat of free-range livestock, mainly sheep, is associated with human toxoplasmosis in European countries. Data on Toxoplasma gondii infection in French ovine livestock are relatively scarce. Sera from 164 lambs and 93 ewes slaughtered in Haute-Vienne district, France, were tested by a direct agglutination test. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 36 (22.0%) lambs and in 61 (65.6%) ewes. In addition, to attempt parasite isolation for genotyping, hearts from 50 other ewes were obtained from a local slaughterhouse, and were screened by a direct agglutination test. T. gondii was isolated in 8 of 30 seropositive hearts bioassayed in mice. All isolates were type II by genetic characterization at five microsatellite loci (TUB2, TgM-A, W35, B17, B18). These results indicate that bovines slaughtered in France may be highly infected by T. gondii with a potential risk of parasite transmission to humans by consumption of undercooked meat. Multilocus microsatellite analysis shows the predominance of type II in sheep as previously described in humans. 相似文献
35.
Aradhana Gupta Marie-Laure Cortes-Dubly Prescillia Buellet Alexandra Richard-Mazet Olivier Merdy Norba L. Targa Pascal Dumont 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(2):197-207
In the Bordetella bronchiseptica infection model development study, twenty-eight piglets were inoculated with B. bronchiseptica strain of either canine (109 CFU/ml) or swine (108 and 109 CFU/ml) origin; swine origin strain at 109 CFU/ml was chosen for the efficacy assessment study due to higher incidence and severity of gross and histopathological lesions compared with other strains. To assess efficacy of gamithromycin against B. bronchiseptica, forty piglets were experimentally inoculated on Day 0 and clinical signs were scored as per severity. Animals were then treated either with gamithromycin or saline on Day 3. The Global Clinical Scores in gamithromycin-treated group were consistently lower than the saline-treated control group from Day 4 onwards and were 0 and 40 in the gamithromycin-treated and saline-treated control groups, respectively, on Day 6. Severity and frequency of gross and histopathological observations were significantly lower in gamithromycin-treated animals compared with saline-treated controls. The efficacy of Zactran® for Swine at the label dose for the treatment of B. bronchiseptica–associated respiratory disease was demonstrated based on the faster reduction in clinical signs as early as 1 day post-gamithromycin treatment and based on the significant difference in the severity of macroscopic and microscopic lung lesions 10 days post-gamithromycin treatment. 相似文献