去势对青年新疆褐牛日增重、体尺指标及血清生化指标的影响

试验旨在研究去势对青年新疆褐牛不同时期日增重、体尺指标及血清生化指标的影响。选取21月龄的青年新疆褐牛62头,分为试验组（去势）和对照组（未去势）,试验动物分别于22、23、24、25和26月龄进行体重及体尺指标测定,并采集血样。预试期10 d,正试期150 d。结果表明,对照组日增重在23、24月龄时显著高于试验组（P<0.05）,在25、26月龄时极显著高于试验组（P<0.01）;对照组全期平均日增重较试验组显著提高13.40%（P<0.05）。对照组体高在24、25、26月龄时显著高于试验组（P<0.05）;对照组体斜长、体直长、胸围在23、24、25、26月龄时显著高于试验组（P<0.05）;试验组尻长和坐骨宽在23、24、25、26月龄时显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组血清尿素氮和白蛋白含量在23、24、25、26月龄时显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,而血清球蛋白含量则呈相反趋势;对照组血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性在24、25、26月龄时显著高于试验组（P<0.05）。综上所述,去势降低了青年新疆褐牛的日增重、生长速度和蛋白质代谢能力,但提高了青年新疆褐牛沉积脂肪的能力。     

昭平县旅游产业价值链整合研究

以贺州昭平县为例,提出县域旅游产业价值链的构建应从优化旅游价值链和整合旅游产业链两方面出发,通过引导原有旅游企业升级、增加企业产品附加值、对接与联动相关产业、构建完整产业链来构建一个完整良性循环的旅游产业价值链。     

Effect of Fucoidan on the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (ΔΨm) of Leukocytes from Patients with Active COVID-19 and Subjects That Recovered from SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Fucoidan is a polysaccharide obtained from marine brown algae, with anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and immune-enhancing properties, thus, fucoidan may be used as an alternative treatment (complementary to prescribed medical therapy) for COVID-19 recovery. This work aimed to determine the ex-vivo effects of treatment with fucoidan (20 µg/mL) on mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm, using a cationic cyanine dye, 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC₆(3)) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (HPBMC) isolated from healthy control (HC) subjects, COVID-19 patients (C-19), and subjects that recently recovered from COVID-19 (R1, 40 ± 13 days after infection). In addition, ex-vivo treatment with fucoidan (20 and 50 µg/mL) was evaluated on ΔΨm loss induced by carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP, 150 µM) in HPBMC isolated from healthy subjects (H) and recovered subjects at 11 months post-COVID-19 (R2, 335 ± 20 days after infection). Data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces HPBMC loss of ΔΨm, even 11 months after infection, however, fucoidan promotes recovery of ΔΨm in PBMCs from COVID-19 recovered subjects. Therefore, fucoidan may be a potential treatment to diminish long-term sequelae from COVID-19, using mitochondria as a therapeutic target for the recovery of cellular homeostasis.     

Soil erosion modelling of burned and mulched soils following a Mediterranean forest wildfire

Soil erosion modelling applied to burned forests in different global regions can be unreliable because of a lack of verification data. Here, we evaluated the following three erosion models: (1) Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP), (2) Morgan-Morgan-Finney (MMF) and (3) Universal Soil Loss Equation-Modified (USLE-M). Using field plots that were either untreated or mulched with straw, this study involved observations of soil loss at the event scale at a burned pine forest in Central Eastern Spain. The erosion predictions of the three models were analysed for goodness-of-fit. Optimization of the MMF model with a new procedure to estimate the C-factor resulted in a satisfactory erosion prediction capacity in burned plots with or without the mulching treatment. The WEPP model underestimated erosion in the unburned areas and largely overestimated the soil loss in burned areas. The accuracy of soil loss estimation by the USLE-M model was also poor. Calibration of the curve numbers and C-factors did not improve the USLE-M model estimation. Therefore, we conclude that an optimized MMF model was the most accurate way to estimate soil loss and recommend this approach for in Mediterranean burned forests with or without postfire mulching. This study gives land managers insight about the choice of the most suitable model for erosion predictions in burned forests.     

Sulfometuron resistance as a genetic marker for yeast populations in wine fermentations

Winemaking with selected yeasts requires simple and cheap techniques to monitor the yeast population dynamics. We obtained new sulfometuron (smr) resistant mutants, easy to detect by replica-plate assay, from selected wine yeasts. The mutations were dominant and were located at the ilv2 locus that encodes for acetolactate synthase enzyme. The mutants were genetically stable and maintained the killer phenotype of the parent yeast strain. They were genetically improved by elimination of recessive growth-retarding alleles followed by spore clone selection according to the must fermentation kinetics and the organoleptic quality of the wine. Some mutants were tested in industrial winemaking and were easily monitored during must fermentation using a simple plate assay. They accounted for more than 95% of the total yeasts in the must, and the resulting wine had as good a quality as those made with standard commercial wine yeasts.     

重庆甘薯土壤养分分级研究

对重庆市江津区59个甘薯土壤样本进行了测试分析。结果表明,甘薯土壤整体偏酸,仅有不足1/4的土壤适宜甘薯生长;有机质含量偏低,有机质<20 g/kg的土样占83.1%;近2/3的土壤全氮、钾适合甘薯生长,分别占69.5%和77.9%,而全磷<0.6 g/kg的土壤占66.1%;有效N、P、K属缺乏范围的分别为45.7%、37.3%、66.1%;土壤中量元素交换性钙、镁适量和丰富分别是11.9%和66.1%、27.1%和35.6%;微量元素有效铜、锌、铁、锰含量不存在缺乏现象(有效硼除外)。     

不同激素处理对非洲菊开花的影响

以“玲珑”非洲菊为试材,研究了不同浓度的赤酶素、激动素和二者混合液对非洲菊开花的影响.结果表明:三者均能影响非洲菊开花时间和开花质量,50 mg/L的赤霉素处理和赤霉素200 mg/L+激动素200 mg/L处理效果最佳,使非洲菊产花量及切花质量显著高于对照(清水),并且缩短开花时间.     

锡林浩特市不同景观类型草地对气候的响应

基于锡林浩特市气温、降水、NDVI、海拔、地形地貌等数据,将其划分为9个景观类型,在景观尺度上对NDVI变化及对气候的响应、不同景观在不同时空尺度上植被生长状况差异等进行研究。同时,选取6个特征年,结合景观空间差异对研究区草地的适应性、脆弱性及敏感性进行划分,分析不同年份水分状况的景观响应。结果显示,降水、海拔、温度的综合效应导致了景观时空分异。温度高、水分较好的景观类型受气候影响较小,温度较高、水分条件差的景观类型比其他景观更加脆弱。低温、水分充足的景观类型更喜好高温气候。气候暖干化大背景下,水分条件优越区将是畜牧业发展重要依赖区域。“暖湿型”气候年份,所有景观草地生长状况都达到了最高值,“冷湿型”气候年份所有景观植被生长状况都受到了抑制;“暖干型”气候年份对水分优越景观类型起正效应,对高温、水分条件差的景观产生负作用。     

辽宁省不同土地利用对土壤微生物量碳氮的影响

通过野外调查采样和室内氯仿熏蒸提取法分析,研究了辽宁省旱地、稻田、湿地、草地、森林、果园6种不同土地利用方式共计35个样地表层土壤(0～10 cm、10～20 cm、20～30 cm)对土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)和土壤微生物量氮(SMBN)的影响.结果表明,土地利用方式对土壤微生物量有显著影响,其中土壤微生物量碳依次为森林>湿地>稻田>旱地>果园>草地;土壤微生物量氮则为森林>旱地>稻田>果园>湿地>草地.土壤微生物量碳氮均表现为森林显著高于其他土地利用方式,湿地、稻田、旱地、果园高于草地.除旱地和稻田,土壤微生物量碳随土层加深含量递减;而土壤微生物量氮在6种土地利用类型中,均表现为随土层加深含量递减.相关分析表明,土壤微生物量碳、氮之间显著相关,土壤微生物量碳、氮是可以表征土壤肥力的敏感因子.