散体物料孔隙率测定装置设计与试验

为了提高散体物料孔隙率检测精度及可靠性,基于理想气体状态方程,按照气体置换法,研制了一种定容型散体物料孔隙率的快速测定装置,开发了自动检测控制系统。在设定的0.1~0.4 MPa测量范围内,采用可精确测得其体积且形态各异的标准不锈钢球体、塑料四棱柱体、鹅卵石以及细石子的试验结果发现,系统的充气压力越高,测量误差相对越小且重复性越好。采用标准不锈钢球体与圆柱体,在孔隙率分别为16.02%、25.14%、35.57%、49.05%、58.42%、67.79%、76.57%、85.36%、94.14%的标准条件下,给出了补偿系数的计算式。在样品填充率分别为25%、50%、75%、100%,充气上限压力为0.4 MPa的试验条件下,检测湿基含水率为13.5%的稻谷的试验结果显示,测量误差极差为0.3%,证实了测量结果的可靠性。     

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

An experiment to determine the optimal protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus coioides juveniles was conducted in floating net cages (1.5 m × 1 m × 1.5 m). Six isoenergetic fishmeal–casein‐based experimental diets containing 350–600 g kg^?1 crude protein (CP) were fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish (10.7 ± 0.2 g) for 56 days. Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) increased with increasing dietary protein level from 350 to 450 g kg^?1 and then plateaued above these levels. Feed intake (FI) showed no significant difference among fish fed more than 350 g kg^?1 CP. Lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was found for fish fed 500 g kg^?1 CP but this was not significantly different from that of fish fed the 450 and 600 g kg^?1 CP. Lowest protein efficiency ratio (PER) was found for fish fed 550 and 600 g kg^?1 CP. Fish fed the 600 g kg^?1 CP had the highest body protein and moisture contents but the lowest body lipid content. Body ash content was unaffected by protein level for fish fed >400 g kg^?1 CP. Dietary protein level had no significant effect on hepatosomatic index (HSI). Fish fed the 350 g kg^?1 CP had significantly lower condition factor (CF) and viscerosomatic index (VSI). Based on broken‐line regression analysis of SGR the optimal dietary protein requirement for E. coioides juveniles was determined to be close to 480 g kg^?1.     

体细胞数对发酵乳品质的影响研究

为确定用于生产发酵乳的原料乳质量标准,以提高发酵乳产品品质,选用蒙牛自有牧场30头不同健康状况、不同泌乳期的荷斯坦牛原料乳,按体细胞数分为低于20万个/mL组、20万-80万个/mL组及大于80万个/mL组,在发酵乳制备的当天及样品冷藏后的第1、7、14、21天分别测定发酵的产酸曲线、发酵乳的质构特性。结果表明,随着原料乳中体细胞数的增加,产品黏度下降,弹性降低,硬度增加,pH值降低,品质下降。     

椿皮中一种抗癌成分的提取与结构鉴定

研究了臭椿皮中抗癌活性物的快速提取分离方法。对所提取物用TLC检测,表明得到的化合物为纯净物。通过用MS、1HNMR、13CNMR、1H—1HCOSY、1H—13CCOSY、DEPT等光谱法分析鉴定,确定该提取物为苦味素A。     

一期后矢状入路肛门直肠成形术治疗中,高位无肛（附5例报告）

１９９１～１９９３年６月，采用一期后矢状入路肛门直肠成形术治疗５例中、高位无肛病儿。结果：５例中除１例术后第２天因硬肿症死亡外，余４例术后大便控制功能与同龄正常儿相近（其中１例术后在熟睡时偶有少许稀便排出，但３个月后与正常儿相近）。讨论了该术式的可行性及优越性，并提出了适应征及注意事项。     

Lhx2 selector activity specifies cortical identity and suppresses hippocampal organizer fate

The earliest step in creating the cerebral cortex is the specification of neuroepithelium to a cortical fate. Using mouse genetic mosaics and timed inactivations, we demonstrated that Lhx2 acts as a classic selector gene and essential intrinsic determinant of cortical identity. Lhx2 selector activity is restricted to an early critical period when stem cells comprise the cortical neuroepithelium, where it acts cell-autonomously to specify cortical identity and suppress alternative fates in a spatially dependent manner. Laterally, Lhx2 null cells adopt antihem identity, whereas medially they become cortical hem cells, which can induce and organize ectopic hippocampal fields. In addition to providing functional evidence for Lhx2 selector activity, these findings show that the cortical hem is a hippocampal organizer.     

母婴间铁锌铜代谢关系的研究

同步检测了１２６例对正常产妇及其产生儿，采用原子吸收分光光度法测定血清和红细胞铁、锌、铜含量并用放射免疫法测定血清和红细胞铁。结果：（１）血清铁蛋白≥１４μｇ／Ｌ的产妇，其婴儿脐血清铁蛋白高于母亲血清蛋白〈１４μｇ／Ｌ的婴儿，但两组婴儿的血红蛋白，血清铁，红细胞的及红细胞铁蛋白含量相近。（２）婴儿脐血清锌高于母血，而红细胞锌则低于母血；（３）婴儿脐血清铜显著低于母血，而红细胞铅则高于母血。     

黄土丘陵区不同土壤地类造林树种选择与配置技术研究

通过 5年实验研究 ,观测了杨树、沙棘、柏树、刺槐、元宝枫纯林和沙棘与杨树、沙棘与柏树、刺槐与柠条的混交林在风化岩沫土土壤、红胶泥土壤、黄绵土土壤上的成活率、年枝条生长量、5 a林冠面积、5 a郁闭度 ,分析得出了黄土丘陵区不同土壤类型造林树种选择和配置的模式。结果表明 :黄土丘陵区造林常见树种及其混交形式在不同土壤类型上呈现不同结果 ,风化岩沫土适合柏树纯林和沙棘与杨树混交、沙棘与柏树混交 ,红胶泥土壤最佳树种为沙棘、刺槐纯林及沙棘与杨树混交 (阴坡 )、沙棘与柏树混交、刺槐与柠条混交 ,而刺槐、柠条纯林和沙棘与杨树混交、沙棘与柏树混交、刺槐与柠条混交适合于黄绵土土壤。此外 ,在各种土壤类型上混交林都优于纯林 ,建议黄土丘陵区造林应乔灌混交为主。该项研究技术在延安市山川秀美工程中推广 ,效果明显 ,建议在黄土丘陵区推广该技术。     

非公有制林业是县域林业发展之路

发展非公有制林业对县域经济发展有重要意义,针对当前在发展非公有制林业中尚存在的诸多问题。提出深化林地制度改革,减轻税费负担,改革限额采伐管理制度以及加大投资扶持力度等对策和建议。