The Reproductive Tract of the Turkey Hen (A Biometrical Study)

A biometrical study of the reproductive tracts of 173 hens was carried out after slaughter at 53 weeks of age.

Mean weights and total lengths of the reproductive tracts of four strains of actively laying turkey hens were 265 - 279.5 grams and 80.9 - 84.5 centimetres. Mean measurements in centimetres of oviduct anatomical divisions were: infundibulum 10.9 - 11.7, magnum 44.5 - 45.2, isthmus 12.6 - 14.5, uterus 9.6 - 10.8, and vagina 2.6 - 3.5.

     

The socioeconomic burden of parasitic zoonoses: global trends

Diseases resulting from zoonotic transmission of parasites are common. Humans become infected through food, water, soil and close contact with animals. Most parasitic zoonoses are neglected diseases despite causing a considerable global burden of ill health in humans and having a substantial financial burden on livestock industries. This review aims to bring together the current data available on global burden estimates of parasitic zoonoses and indicate any changes in the trends of these diseases. There is a clear need of such information as interventions to control zoonoses are often in their animal hosts. The costs of such interventions together with animal health issues will drive the cost effectiveness of intervention strategies. What is apparent is that collectively, parasitic zoonoses probably have a similar human disease burden to any one of the big three human infectious diseases: malaria, tuberculosis or HIV in addition to animal health burden. Although the global burden for most parasitic zoonoses is not yet known, the major contributors to the global burden of parasitic zoonoses are toxoplasmosis, food borne trematode infections, cysticercosis, echinococcosis, leishmaniosis and zoonotic schistosomosis. In addition, diarrhoea resulting from zoonotic protozoa may have a significant impact.     

A Study of Porcine Enteroviruses Isolated from Swine in the Toronto Area: 1. Isolation and Serological Grouping of Viruses

A number of enteric viruses isolated from swine in the Connaught Medical Research Laboratories and the Mimico Reformatory herds were grouped serologically and compared with previously described porcine enteroviruses. Four of five antigenic types defined were related to other porcine enteroviruses. The fifth was unrelated to any viruses with which it was compared in this study.     

Golden goose or Trojan horse? Cruise ship tourism in Pacific development

Abstract: Pacific governments seeking to expand national economies are increasingly looking to tourism to provide revenues. At the same time, companies that operate cruise ships are searching for new destinations for increasing numbers of larger, faster ships which they are launching to cater for steadily increasing demand for cruises. The Pacific region appeals to both companies and passengers as a cruise destination. This coincidence would, at first glance, seem to provide an opportunity for a mutually beneficial relationship between companies and governments in the region. But little is presently available to those in the Pacific who must decide what role this form of tourism might play in their future. This paper reviews some of the environmental, economic and societal impacts of cruise ship tourism and concludes that, managed effectively, this form of tourism can yield higher returns with lower risks than some alternatives and could form a part of a sustainable tourism policy.