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321.
JON CHEETHAM VetMB Diplomate ACVS THOMAS H. WITTE BVetMed PhD LEO V. SODERHOLM JOHN W. HERMANSON PhD NORM G. DUCHARME DMV MSc Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(6):588-593
Objective— To develop an in vitro laryngeal model to mimic airflow and pressures experienced by horses at maximal exercise with which to test laryngoplasty techniques.
Study Design— Randomized complete block.
Sample Population— Cadaveric equine larynges (n=10).
Methods— Equine larynges were collected at necropsy and a bilateral prosthetic laryngoplasty suture was placed with #5 Fiberwire™ suture to achieve bilateral maximal arytenoid abduction. Each larynx was positioned in a flow chamber and subjected to static flow and dynamic flow cycling at 2 Hz. Tracheal pressure and flow, and pressure within the flow chamber were recorded at a sampling frequency of 500 Hz. Data obtained were compared with the published physiologic values for horses exercising at maximal exercise.
Results— Under static flow conditions, the testing system produced inspiratory tracheal pressures (mean±SEM) of −33.0±0.98 mm Hg at a flow of 54.48±1.8 L/s. Pressure in the flow chamber was −8.1±2.2 mm Hg producing a translaryngeal impedance of 0.56±0.15 mm Hg/L/s. Under dynamic conditions, cycling flow and pressure were reproduced at a frequency of 2 Hz, the peak inspiratory (mean±SEM) pharyngeal and tracheal pressures across all larynges were −8.85±2.5 and −35.54±1.6 mm Hg, respectively. Peak inspiratory flow was 51.65±2.3 L/s and impedance was 0.57±0.06 mm Hg/L/s.
Conclusions— The model produced inspiratory pressures similar to those in horses at maximal exercise when airflows experienced at exercise were used.
Clinical Relevance— This model will allow testing of multiple novel techniques and may facilitate development of improved techniques for prosthetic laryngoplasty. 相似文献
Study Design— Randomized complete block.
Sample Population— Cadaveric equine larynges (n=10).
Methods— Equine larynges were collected at necropsy and a bilateral prosthetic laryngoplasty suture was placed with #5 Fiberwire
Results— Under static flow conditions, the testing system produced inspiratory tracheal pressures (mean±SEM) of −33.0±0.98 mm Hg at a flow of 54.48±1.8 L/s. Pressure in the flow chamber was −8.1±2.2 mm Hg producing a translaryngeal impedance of 0.56±0.15 mm Hg/L/s. Under dynamic conditions, cycling flow and pressure were reproduced at a frequency of 2 Hz, the peak inspiratory (mean±SEM) pharyngeal and tracheal pressures across all larynges were −8.85±2.5 and −35.54±1.6 mm Hg, respectively. Peak inspiratory flow was 51.65±2.3 L/s and impedance was 0.57±0.06 mm Hg/L/s.
Conclusions— The model produced inspiratory pressures similar to those in horses at maximal exercise when airflows experienced at exercise were used.
Clinical Relevance— This model will allow testing of multiple novel techniques and may facilitate development of improved techniques for prosthetic laryngoplasty. 相似文献
322.
CATHRINE T. FJORDBAKK DVM ERIC STRAND DVM MSc Diplomate ACVS & ECVS SIV HANCHE-OLSEN DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(6):501-507
Objective— To test the hypothesis that in bilateral dynamic laryngeal collapse associated with poll flexion, vocal fold collapse (VFC) is the initial abnormal event that induces further laryngeal collapse, and that racing performance would therefore be substantially improved after bilateral ventriculocordectomy in affected individuals.
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Twenty-six horses.
Methods— Medical records (1998–2006) of harness racehorses admitted for high-speed treadmill videoendoscopy (HSTV) that had bilateral dynamic laryngeal collapse associated with poll flexion were reviewed. Race records, owner interviews, and follow-up HSTV were used to evaluate outcome after either surgical treatment including bilateral ventriculocordectomy or conservative management.
Results— Bilateral dynamic laryngeal collapse, defined as bilateral VFC with concurrent arytenoid cartilage collapse (ACC), was identified in 26 horses. Norwegian Coldblooded Trotters (NCT) were overrepresented. Sixteen horses had surgical treatment and 10 were treated conservatively. Return to racing and racing performance was not improved within or between groups after the treatment. On follow-up HSTV of 6 surgically treated horses, there was no residual soft tissue collapse in the ventral portion of the rima glottidis; however, ACC and other abnormalities were still evident.
Conclusion— Bilateral ventriculocordectomy resolved VFC, but failed to stabilize the arytenoid cartilages or to significantly improve racing performance.
Clinical Relevance— Bilateral dynamic laryngeal collapse associated with poll flexion is a serious performance-limiting upper respiratory tract disorder that is overrepresented in NCT racehorses. Our results suggest that VFC is not the initiating event in this complex obstructive airway disorder for which there is currently no consistently effective treatment. 相似文献
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Twenty-six horses.
Methods— Medical records (1998–2006) of harness racehorses admitted for high-speed treadmill videoendoscopy (HSTV) that had bilateral dynamic laryngeal collapse associated with poll flexion were reviewed. Race records, owner interviews, and follow-up HSTV were used to evaluate outcome after either surgical treatment including bilateral ventriculocordectomy or conservative management.
Results— Bilateral dynamic laryngeal collapse, defined as bilateral VFC with concurrent arytenoid cartilage collapse (ACC), was identified in 26 horses. Norwegian Coldblooded Trotters (NCT) were overrepresented. Sixteen horses had surgical treatment and 10 were treated conservatively. Return to racing and racing performance was not improved within or between groups after the treatment. On follow-up HSTV of 6 surgically treated horses, there was no residual soft tissue collapse in the ventral portion of the rima glottidis; however, ACC and other abnormalities were still evident.
Conclusion— Bilateral ventriculocordectomy resolved VFC, but failed to stabilize the arytenoid cartilages or to significantly improve racing performance.
Clinical Relevance— Bilateral dynamic laryngeal collapse associated with poll flexion is a serious performance-limiting upper respiratory tract disorder that is overrepresented in NCT racehorses. Our results suggest that VFC is not the initiating event in this complex obstructive airway disorder for which there is currently no consistently effective treatment. 相似文献
323.
Influence of class IV laser therapy on the outcomes of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs
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324.
The influence of inflammation and hematocrit on clot strength in canine thromboelastographic hypercoagulability
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Clara B. Marschner DVM Bo Wiinberg DVM PhD Inge Tarnow DVM PhD Bo Markussen MSc PhD Line Kühnel MSc Louise Bochsen MSc Annemarie T. Kristensen DVM PhD DACVIM DECVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2018,28(1):20-30
Objective
To investigate parameters causing canine thromboelastographic hypercoagulability and to investigate whether thromboelastography (TEG) with Cytochalasin D (Cyt D) added is related to parameters of platelet activity.Design
Prospective observational study on hemostatic and inflammatory parameters. Data were collected between November 2012 and July 2013.Setting
University teaching hospital.Animals
Twenty‐eight dogs suffering from diseases predisposing to thrombosis and 19 clinically healthy dogs. Diseased dogs were enrolled if they fulfilled inclusion criteria regarding age, size, informed client consent, and obtained a diagnosis of a disease that has been associated with thrombosis or hypercoagulability.Interventions
None.Measurements and Main Results
Parameters of coagulation and anticoagulation, fibrinolysis, and antifibrinolysis, platelet activity, inflammation, platelet count, and hematocrit were measured using CBC, TEG, platelet aggregation on multiplate, platelet activity on flow cytometry, and hemostatic and inflammatory markers on plasma and serum analyses. ANOVA and multilinear regression analyses indicated that especially hematocrit and the inflammatory parameters C‐reactive protein and interleukin‐8 showed best association with overall clot strength in diseased dogs with hypercoagulable TEG tracings. Ratios presumed to reflect platelet contribution to the TEG tracing obtained in TEG analyses with Cyt D were related especially with hematocrit and P‐selectin expression of platelets measured after γ‐Thrombin activation on flow cytometry.Conclusion
Overall clot strength in TEG analyses of the hypercoagulable dogs included in the present study appears to be primarily associated with inflammation as well as hematocrit. Furthermore, the ratio between standard TEG analyses and TEG analyses with Cyt D may reflect some degree of platelet activity. 相似文献325.
326.
327.
Ayele Gizachew MSc Rolf K. Schuster Sunitha Joseph Renate WerneryNissy Annie Georgy MSc Shyna K. Elizabeth Yilkal Asfaw Fikru Regassa Ulrich Wernery 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
Working donkeys (n = 395) originating from three different districts of the Oromia region of Ethiopia were examined October 2009 and April 2010 for the prevalence of equine piroplasmosis between. Apart from hematological and serological examination, tick vectors were collected and determined. Intraerythrocytic stages of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi were detected in 12.2% and 1.8% of examined stained blood smears, respectively. The seroprevalence of T. equi and B. caballi was 55.7% and 13.2%, respectively. The majority of active infection coincided with anemia. Only 16 donkeys were infested with four species of hard ticks: Rhipicephalus turanicus, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rhipicephalus pulchellus, and Amblyomma variegatum. 相似文献
328.
Gabriel Augusto Monteiro Priscilla Nascimento GuastiAline Silva Rocha MV MSc Ian MartinYamê Fabres Robaina Sancler-Silva MV Camila P. Freitas Dell’AquaJosé Antonio Dell'Aqua Jr. PhD Frederico Ozanam Papa PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
The recovery of sperm from the epididymal cauda may be the last chance to obtain genetic material when sudden death or serious injuries occur in valuable stallions. However, the lack of technical knowledge regarding the storage and transportation of the epididymis often prevents the preservation of the sperm. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare sperm parameters of sperm obtained immediately after orchiectomy with sperm recovered from epididymal cauda at different times after storage at 5°C and at room temperature (RT). For that, 48 stallions of different breeds were used. In group 1 (control group), eight stallions were used, and the harvest of the epididymal sperm was performed immediately after orchiectomy. In group 2, 40 stallions were used, which were divided into five groups according to the storage time of the epididymis after orchiectomy (6, 12, 18, 24, or 30 hours), making a total of eight stallions per group. One epididymis of each stallion was stored at 5°C, and the contralateral epididymis was stored at RT, both for the same period. The sperm parameters of total motility, progressive motility, progressive linear velocity, curvilinear velocity, percentage of rapid sperm, and plasma membrane integrity were evaluated in all the groups after sperm recovery, resuspension in a sperm freezing diluent, and thawing. In conclusion, the storage of the testis-epididymis complex at 5°C provided better preservation of epididymal sperm than the storage at RT, and regardless of the temperature, the progressive motility is the sperm parameter that is most sensitive to storage time. 相似文献
329.
V. Julliand PhD A. de Fombelle MSc C. Drogoul PhD E. Jacotot MSc 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2001,21(11)
Cecal and colonic fluid contents were collected from three ponies and analyzed to determine the effects of three hay:barley ratios on their microbial and biochemical characteristics. Three diets based on chopped meadow hay and rolled barley were tested in a 3×3 Latin square experiment: 100% hay (100:0, 114gDM/KgBW0.75/day), 70% hay-30% barley (70:30, 69gDM/KgBW0.75/day) and 50% hay-50% barley (50:50, 58gDM/KgBW0.75/day). Enumeration of total anaerobic and aero-anaerobic bacteria, lactate-utilizing and cellulolytic bacteria, lactobacilli and streptococci, as well as pH, lactate and VFA concentrations, were determined after 14 days adaptation to the new diet. In the large intestine, the concentrations of total bacteria were higher with the diets containing barley than with the hay diet, whereas cellulolytic bacteria were depressed with the concentrate diets. As the proportion of barley increased, concentration of lactate-utilizing bacteria, lactobacilli and streptococci increased in the colon while it did not interfere significantly on these populations in the cecum. These changes of the microflora were associated with a significant decrease in intestinal pH and [(acetate+butyrate)/propionate] ratio, and a numerical increase of lactate concentration. 相似文献
330.
Aubrey A. Webb DVM John W. Pharr DVM MSc Linda J. Lew DVM MSc Kimberly A. Tryon DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(1):9-13
Intraspinal cysts of the L6-L7 and L7-S1 articular process joints in a six-year-old neutered female German Shepherd Dog were diagnosed using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Histopathology provided a diagnosis of ganglion cysts. Clinical, laboratory, radiographic and MR imaging findings are described. Briefly, radiographic findings revealed lumbarization of the first sacral vertebra, and fusion of the first caudal vertebra to the sacrum. In addition, spondylosis and articular process osteoarthrosis occurred at L6-L7 and L7-S1. MR imaging revealed multiple, well encapsulated structures ranging in size from 3-10 mm in diameter which were found to arise from the L6-L7 and L7-S1 articular process joints. These cysts had signal intensities that varied from hyperintense to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on T1 weighted images to isointense to CSF on T2 weighted images. Decompressive surgery in conjunction with arthrodesis of these joints resulted in resolution of clinical signs. The dog remained pain-free 1 1/2 years following surgical therapy. 相似文献