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41.
Defining the validity of a biochemical index of soil quality 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M. C. Leirós C. Trasar-Cepeda F. García-Fernández F. Gil-Sotres 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1999,30(1-2):140-146
The native soils of Galicia (NW Spain) exhibit a biochemical equilibrium such that total soil N is a function of five biochemical
and microbiological parameters: microbial biomass C, mineralized N, phosphomonoesterase, β-glucosidase and urease activities.
To investigate whether the ratio of the total N calculated from biochemical soil properties (Nc) and the total N as measured
by the Kjeldahl method (Nk; Nc/Nk) can be used as an index of soil quality, we determined these variables and consequently
the ratio in three kinds of disturbed soils: an artificially Cu-contaminated soil, two lignite mine soils, and a number of
arable soils. In none of the studied soils did the individual biochemical parameters respond consistently to the factors influencing
soil quality, but in all cases soil degradation was reflected by the Nc/Nk value, which differed more or less markedly from
100%. Nc/Nk can therefore be used for the rapid evaluation of soil degradation, since it distinguishes among biochemically
balanced soils, soils in a transient state of high microbiological and biochemical activity and degraded soils. It can also
serve as a reliable basis for the rapid calculation of the "ecological dose" (ED50) of soil pollutants. The use of Nc/Nk as an objective index of the biochemical quality of soils is recommended.
Received: 20 December 1998 相似文献
42.
1-methylcyclopropene increases storability and shelf life in climacteric and nonclimacteric plums 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Martínez-Romero D Dupille E Guillén F Valverde JM Serrano M Valero D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(16):4680-4686
The effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at three different doses (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 microL L(-1)) on the ripening processes of a climacteric, cv. Santa Rosa, and a suppressed climacteric type, cv. Golden Japan, plum was studied. For both cultivars, positive effects were observed in terms of inhibition of ethylene production and delays of the physical, chemical, and biochemical changes associated with ripening. 1-MCP-treated plums were firmer with lower weight loss, reduced degrees Brix/titratable acidity ratios, and lower color changes during cold storage and subsequent shelf life at 20 degrees C than controls. For most factors, the effectiveness of 1-MCP was dose-dependent in Santa Rosa but dose-independent for Golden Japan. 相似文献
43.
García-González DL Barie N Rapp M Aparicio R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(25):7475-7479
A novel electronic nose based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor array has been used to analyze different quality virgin olive oils. A mathematical model was designed with 37 samples to distinguish lampante from the other virgin olive oils categories (extra-virgin and virgin), because lampante-virgin olive oils cannot be consumed without a previous refining process. The model, successfully validated with a test set of 16 samples, was able to classify 90% of the samples correctly. Misclassifications were explained by SPME-HRGC analyses and a second sensory evaluation. 相似文献
44.
Fernández PL Pablos F Martín MJ González AG 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(7):1833-1839
45.
Gratacós-Cubarsí M Castellari M Hortós M García-Regueiro JA Lametsch R Jessen F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(19):9312-9316
Effect of tetracycline (TC) administration on the proteomic profile of pig muscle was evaluated by 2D electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The TC content at slaughter was determined in L. dorsi samples by HPLC-DAD. Mean residual concentration of TC in the muscle of treated animals, calculated as the sum of TC and epi-TC was 126.3 microg/kg, indicating a rapid elimination of TC in this tissue. Several differential spots (n = 54, p < 0.05) were observed in protein profiles from control and treated animals. MALDI-TOF identification gave a positive match for 5 differential spots, that is, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (G3PD1), phosphoglycerate kinase 1, novelprotein (0610037L13Rik), leucine aminopeptidase 3 (LAP), and hypothetical protein isoform 2. Results show that proteomics could be a useful tool to reveal pharmacological treatments with TC, even if the possible uses of differential spots as biomarkers to detect illegal administration of TC require further studies. Different spot patterns as a consequence of TC treatments seem to be another interesting issue for the consequences on tissue metabolism and meat quality. 相似文献
46.
Rogers RR Swisher CC Sereno PC Monetta AM Forster CA Martínez RN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1993,260(5109):794-797
(40)Ar/(39)Ar dating of sanidine from a bentonite interbedded in the Ischigualasto Formation of northwestern Argentina yielded a plateau age of 227.8 +/- 0.3 million years ago. This middle Carnian age is a direct calibration of the Ischigualasto tetrapod assemblage, which includes some of the best known early dinosaurs. This age shifts last appearances of Ischigualasto taxa back into the middle Carnian, diminishing the magnitude of the proposed late Carnian tetrapod extinction event. By 228 million years ago, the major dinosaurian lineages were established, and theropods were already important constituents of the carnivorous tetrapod guild in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin. Dinosaurs as a whole remained minor components of tetrapod faunas for at least another 10 million years. 相似文献
47.
Snyder Marcía N. Schumaker Nathan H. Ebersole Joseph L. Dunham Jason B. Comeleo Randy L. Keefer Matthew L. Leinenbach Peter Brookes Allen Cope Ben Wu Jennifer Palmer John Keenan Druscilla 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(5):1197-1197
Landscape Ecology - In the original publication of the article, the third author name has been misspelt. The correct name is given in this Correction. The original version of this article was revised. 相似文献
48.
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Prior to the first occurrence of chestnut blight in 1976, leaf spot caused by Cylindrosporium castaneae was one of the most important diseases of European... 相似文献
49.
Ana E. González-Santiago Belinda Vargas-Guerrero Pedro M. García-López Alma L. Martínez-Ayala José A. Domínguez-Rosales Carmen M. Gurrola-Díaz 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2017,72(2):134-140
Lupinus albus seeds contain conglutin gamma (Cγ) protein, which exerts a hypoglycemic effect and positively modifies proteins involved in glucose homeostasis. Cγ could potentially be used to manage patients with impaired glucose metabolism, but there remains a need to evaluate its effects on hepatic glucose production. The present study aimed to analyze G6pc, Fbp1, and Pck1 gene expressions in two experimental animal models of impaired glucose metabolism. We also evaluated hepatic and renal tissue integrity following Cγ treatment. To generate an insulin resistance model, male Wistar rats were provided 30% sucrose solution ad libitum for 20 weeks. To generate a type 2 diabetes model (STZ), five-day-old rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (150 mg/kg). Each animal model was randomized into three subgroups that received the following oral treatments daily for one week: 0.9% w/v NaCl (vehicle; IR-Ctrl and STZ-Ctrl); metformin 300 mg/kg (IR-Met and STZ-Met); and Cγ 150 mg/kg (IR-Cγ and STZ-Cγ). Biochemical parameters were assessed pre- and post-treatment using colorimetric or enzymatic methods. We also performed histological analysis of hepatic and renal tissue. G6pc, Fbp1, and Pck1 gene expressions were quantified using real-time PCR. No histological changes were observed in any group. Post-treatment G6pc gene expression was decreased in the IR-Cγ and STZ-Cγ groups. Post-treatment Fbp1 and Pck1 gene expressions were reduced in the IR-Cγ group but increased in STZ-Cγ animals. Overall, these findings suggest that Cγ is involved in reducing hepatic glucose production, mainly through G6pc inhibition in impaired glucose metabolism disorders. 相似文献
50.
R. Vilcacundo D. Barrio C. Carpio A. García-Ruiz J. Rúales B. Hernández-Ledesma W. Carrillo 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2017,72(3):294-300
Quinoa protein concentrate (QPC) was extracted and digested under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions. The protein content of QPC was in the range between 52.40 and 65.01% depending on the assay used. Quinoa proteins were almost completely hydrolyzed by pepsin at pH of 1.2, 2.0, and 3.2. At high pH, only partial hydrolysis was observed. During the duodenal phase, no intact proteins were visible, indicating their susceptibility to the in vitro simulated digestive conditions. Zebrafish larvae model was used to evaluate the in vivo ability of gastrointestinal digests to inhibit lipid peroxidation. Gastric digestion at pH 1.2 showed the highest lipid peroxidation inhibition percentage (75.15%). The lipid peroxidation activity increased after the duodenal phase. The digest obtained at the end of the digestive process showed an inhibition percentage of 82.10%, comparable to that showed when using BHT as positive control (87.13%). 相似文献